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Optical Spectrum Analysis Application Note 1550-4 Optical Spectrum Analysis Basics Table of Contents Introduction Page 3 Chapter 1 Types of optical spectrum analyzers 4 Interferometer-Based Optical Spectrum Analyzers 5 Diffraction-Grating-Based Optical Spectrum Analyzers 6 Chapter 2 Diffraction-grating-based optical spectrum analyzers 12 Wavelength Tuning and Repeatability 12 Wavelength Resolution Bandwidth 12 Dynamic Range 13 Sensitivity 14 Tuning Speed 15 Polarization Insensitivity 17 Input Coupling 19 Appendix Optical and microwave spectrum analyzers compared 20 2 Introduction This application note is intended to provide the reader with a basic understanding of optical spectrum analyzers, their technologies, specifications, and applications. Chapter 1 describes interfero- meter-based and diffraction-grating-based optical spectrum analyzers. Chapter 2 defines many of the specified performance parameters of diffraction-g rating-based optical spectrum analyzers and discusses the relative merits of the single monochromator, double monochromator, and double-pass-monochromator-based optical spectrum analyzers. For readers familiar with electrical spectrum analyzers, some of the same terms are used, but with different definitions. Optical spectrum analysis Optical spectrum analysis is the measurement of optical power as a function of wavelength. Applications include testing laser and LED light sources for spectral purity and power distribution, as well as testing transmission characteristics of optical devices. The spectral width of a light source is an important parameter in fiber-optic communication systems due to chromatic dispersion, which occurs in the fiber and limits the modulation bandwidth of the system. The effect of chromatic dispersion can be seen in the time