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Agilent 4291B RF Impedance/Material Analyzer
Quick Start Guide

SERIAL NUMBERS
This manual applies directly to instruments with serial number prex
JP1KE and above, or whose rmware is version 1.xx. For additional
important information about serial numbers, read \Serial Number" in
Appendix A of this manual.

Agilent Part No. 04291-90031
Printed in JAPAN March 2001
Notice The information contained in this document is subject to change
without notice.
This document contains proprietary information that is protected by
copyright. All rights are reserved. No part of this document may be
photocopied, reproduced, or translated to another language without
the prior written consent of the Agilent Technologies.

Agilent Technologies Japan, Ltd.
Component Test PGU-Kobe
1-3-2, Murotani, Nishi-ku, Kobe-shi,
Hyogo, 651-2241 Japan

MS-DOS is a U.S. registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation.
R
APC-7 is a U.S. registered trademark of Bunker Ramo Corporation.
R

Copyright 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001 Agilent Technologies Japan, Ltd.
c
Manual Printing The manual printing date and part number indicate its current
History edition. The printing date changes when a new edition is printed.
(Minor corrections and updates that are incorporated at reprint do not
cause the date to change.) The manual part number changes when
extensive technical changes are incorporated.
December 1997 : : : : : : : : : : : First Edition (part number: 04291-90021)
December 1998 : : : : : : : : : Second Edition (part number: 04291-90031)
December 1999 : : : : : : : : : : : Third Edition (part number: 04291-90031)
March 2001 : : : : : : : : : : : : : Fourth Edition (part number: 04291-90031)

Safety Summary The following general safety precautions must be observed during all
phases of operation, service, and repair of this instrument. Failure to
comply with these precautions or with specic WARNINGS elsewhere
in this manual may impair the protection provided by the equipment.
In addition it violates safety standards of design, manufacture, and
intended use of the instrument.
The Agilent Technologies assumes no liability for the customer's
failure to comply with these requirements.
Note 4291B comply with INSTALLATION CATEGORY II and POLLUTION
DEGREE 2 in IEC1010-1. 4291B are INDOOR USE product.

Note LEDs in 4291B are Class 1 in accordance with IEC825-1.
CLASS 1 LED PRODUCT

Ground The To avoid electric shock hazard, the instrument chassis and cabinet
Instrument must be connected to a safety earth ground by the supplied power
cable with earth blade.

DO NOT Operate In An Do not operate the instrument in the presence of ammable gasses or
Explosive Atmosphere fumes. Operation of any electrical instrument in such an environment
constitutes a denite safety hazard.

Keep Away From Live Operating personnel must not remove instrument covers. Component
Circuits replacement and internal adjustments must be made by qualied
maintenance personnel. Do not replace components with the power
cable connected. Under certain conditions, dangerous voltages may
exist even with the power cable removed. To avoid injuries, always
disconnect power and discharge circuits before touching them.

iii
DO NOT Service Or Do not attempt internal service or adjustment unless another person,
Adjust Alone capable of rendering rst aid and resuscitation, is present.

DO NOT Substitute Because of the danger of introducing additional hazards, do not
Parts Or Modify install substitute parts or perform unauthorized modications to the
Instrument instrument. Return the instrument to a Agilent Technologies Sales and
Service Oce for service and repair to ensure that safety features are
maintained.

Dangerous Procedure Warnings , such as the example below, precede potentially dangerous
Warnings procedures throughout this manual. Instructions contained in the
warnings must be followed.
Warning Dangerous voltages, capable of causing death, are present in this
instrument. Use extreme caution when handling, testing, and
adjusting this instrument.

Safety Symbols General denitions of safety symbols used on equipment or in manuals
are listed below.
Instruction manual symbol: the product is marked
with this symbol when it is necessary for the user to
refer to the instruction manual.
Alternating current.
Direct current.
On (Supply).
O (Supply).

In position of push-button switch.
Out position of push-button switch.

Frame (or chassis) terminal. A connection to the
frame (chassis) of the equipment which normally
include all exposed metal structures.
This Warning sign denotes a hazard. It calls attention
to a procedure, practice, condition or the like, which,
if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result
in injury or death to personnel.
This Caution sign denotes a hazard. It calls attention
to a procedure, practice, condition or the like, which,
if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result
in damage to or destruction of part or all of the
product.
This Note sigh denotes important information. It
calls attention to a procedure, practice, condition or
the like, which is essential to highlight.

iv
Axed to product containing static sensitive devices
use anti-static handling procedures to prevent
electrostatic discharge damage to component.

v
Typeface Bold Boldface type is used when a term is dened.
Conventions For example: icons are symbols.
Italics Italic type is used for emphasis and for titles
of manuals and other publications.
Italic type is also used for keyboard entries
when a name or a variable must be typed in
place of the words in italics. For example:
copy lename means to type the word copy,
to type a space, and then to type the name of
a le such as file1.
Computer Computer font is used for on-screen prompts
and messages.
4HARDKEYS5 Labeled keys on the instrument front panel
are enclosed in 4 5.
Softkeys located to the right of the LCD are
NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

SOFTKEYS NNNNN

enclosed in .

vi
Certication Agilent Technologies certies that this product met its published
specications at the time of shipment from the factory. Agilent
Technologies further certies that its calibration measurements are
traceable to the United States National Institute of Standards and
Technology, to the extent allowed by the Institution's calibration
facility, or to the calibration facilities of other International Standards
Organization members.

Warranty This Agilent Technologies instrument product is warranted against
defects in material and workmanship for a period of one year from
the date of shipment, except that in the case of certain components
listed in General Information of this manual, the warranty shall
be for the specied period. During the warranty period, Agilent
Technologies will, at its option, either repair or replace products that
prove to be defective.
For warranty service or repair, this product must be returned to a
service facility designated by Agilent Technologies. Buyer shall prepay
shipping charges to Agilent Technologies and Agilent Technologies
shall pay shipping charges to return the product to Buyer. However,
Buyer shall pay all shipping charges, duties, and taxes for products
returned to Agilent Technologies from another country.
Agilent Technologies warrants that its software and rmware
designated by Agilent Technologies for use with an instrument will
execute its programming instruction when property installed on that
instrument. Agilent Technologies does not warrant that the operation
of the instrument, or software, or rmware will be uninterrupted or
error free.

Limitation Of The foregoing warranty shall not apply to defects resulting from
Warranty improper or inadequate maintenance by Buyer, Buyer-supplied
software or interfacing, unauthorized modication or misuse,
operation outside the environmental specications for the product, or
improper site preparation or maintenance.
No other warranty is expressed or implied. Agilent Technologies
specically disclaims the implied warranties of merchantability and
tness for a particular purpose.

vii
Exclusive The remedies provided herein are buyer's sole and exclusive
Remedies remedies. Agilent Technologies shall not be liable for any direct,
indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages, whether based
on contract, tort, or any other legal theory.

Assistance Product maintenance agreements and other customer assistance
agreements are available for Agilent Technologies products.
For any assistance, contact your nearest Agilent Technologies Sales
and Service Oce. Addresses are provided at the back of this manual.

viii
Contents
1. Introduction
Using This Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Brief Description of the 4291B . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Additional Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
2. Installation and Set Up Guide
Incoming Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
Power Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
Power Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
Replacing the Fuse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
Fuse Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
Operation Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
Ventilation Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
Instruction for Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
Rack Mounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
Rack/Handle Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
Option 1CN Handle Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
Installing the Handle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
Option 1CM Rack Mount Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
Mounting the Rack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
Option 1CP Rack Mount & Handle Kit . . . . . . . . 2-10
Mounting the Handle and Rack . . . . . . . . . . 2-10
Connecting the Test Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11
Connecting the Test Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12
Selecting the Test Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12
Connecting the Test Head to the Test Station . . . . . 2-12
Connecting a BNC Adapter (Option 1D5 Only) . . . . . 2-13
Connecting a Keyboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13
3. Impedance Measurement Quick Start
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
Basic Measurement Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
Required Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
1. Power ON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
2. Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
Calibration Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5
3. Connecting the Test Fixture . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8
Selecting a Test Fixture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8
Connecting the Test Fixture to the Test Head . . . . . 3-9
4. Setting the Electrical Length of the Test Fixture . . . 3-10
5. Fixture Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11
Performing SHORT Compensation . . . . . . . . . . 3-12
Selecting the Shorting Device . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12
SHORT Compensation Key Sequence . . . . . . . . 3-14

Contents-1
Performing OPEN Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14
OPEN Compensation Key Sequence . . . . . . . . 3-14
6. Connecting the DUT to the Test Fixture . . . . . . . 3-15
7. Setting up the Analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15
7-1. Setting up for jZj- vs. Frequency . . . . . . . . 3-16
7-2. Setting up for C - D vs. Frequency . . . . . . . 3-17
7-3. Setting up for C - D vs. OSC Level . . . . . . . 3-18
7-4. Setting up for C - D vs. dc-V (Option 001 only) . . 3-19
Display Annotations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-20
8. Measuring the DUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-21
Performing Automatic Scaling . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-21
9. Analyzing a Measurement Result . . . . . . . . . . 3-21
Using the Marker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-21
Reading a Measured Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-21
Moving the Marker to the Minimum Point . . . . . 3-22
Clearing the Marker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-23
Equivalent Circuit Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-23
Approximation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-23
Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-24
Clearing the Approximated Constant Data . . . . . 3-24
Clearing the Simulated Data . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-25
10. Measuring Other DUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-25
For More Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-25
4. Dielectric Material Measurement Quick Start
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
Brief Measurement Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
Basic Measurement Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
Required Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
1. Power ON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
2. Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
Calibration Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6
3. Connecting the Test Fixture . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9
Connecting the Test Fixture to the Test Head . . . . . 4-9
Selecting the Test Fixture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10
4. Input Load Thickness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11
5. Fixture Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12
Performing SHORT Compensation . . . . . . . . . . 4-12
SHORT Compensation Key Sequence . . . . . . . . 4-12
Performing OPEN Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . 4-13
OPEN Compensation Key Sequence . . . . . . . . 4-13
Performing LOAD Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . 4-14
LOAD Compensation Key Sequence . . . . . . . . 4-14
6. Input the MUT Thickness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-15
7. Placing the MUT in the Test Fixture . . . . . . . . . 4-15
8. Setting up the Analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-16
8-1. Setting up for "r 0 - tan vs. Frequency . . . . . 4-17
Display Annotations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-18
8-2. Setting up for a Cole-Cole Plot . . . . . . . . . 4-19
Display Annotations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-20
9. Measuring the MUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-21
Performing Automatic Scaling . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-21
Using the Marker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-21
Marker for Frequency/OSC Level/dc bias
Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-21

Contents-2
Marker for a Cole-Cole Plot . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-22
10. Measuring Other MUTs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-22
For More Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-22
5. Magnetic Material Measurement Quick Start
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
Brief Measurement Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
Basic Measurement Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
Required Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
1. Power ON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5
2. Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5
Calibration Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6
3. Connecting the Test Fixture . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9
Selecting Fixture and Holder . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9
Connecting the Test Fixture to the Test Head . . . . . 5-9
Selecting the Test Fixture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-11
4. Fixture Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-11
Performing SHORT Compensation . . . . . . . . . . 5-11
SHORT Compensation Key Sequence . . . . . . . . 5-12
5. Input the MUT Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-12
6. Placing the MUT on the Test Fixture . . . . . . . . 5-13
7. Setting up the Analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-14
7-1. Setting up for r 0 - r 00 vs. Frequency . . . . . . 5-15
7-2. Setting up for r 0 - r 00 vs. OSC Level . . . . . . 5-16
7-3. Setting up for r 0 - r 00 vs. Dc-I (Option 001 only) 5-17
Display Annotations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-18
8. Measuring the MUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19
Performing Automatic Scaling . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19
9. Analyzing a Measurement Result . . . . . . . . . . 5-19
Using the Marker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19
Reading a Measured Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19
Moving the Marker to the Maximum Point . . . . . 5-20
Clearing the Marker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-21
10. Measuring Other MUTs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-21
For More Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-21
6. Features Common to All Modes
Performing User Dened Calibration . . . . . . . . . . 6-2
User Dened Calibration Description . . . . . . . . . 6-2
Performing User Dened Fixture Compensation . . . . 6-3
User Dened Fixture Compensation Description . . . 6-3
Performing Averaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3
Performing Point Averaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3
Performing Sweep Averaging . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4
Averaging Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4
Using Point Delay and Sweep Delay . . . . . . . . . . 6-5
Making a Point Delay Measurement . . . . . . . . . 6-5
Making a Sweep Delay Measurement . . . . . . . . . 6-5
Delay Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5
Changing the Number of Measurement Points . . . . . 6-6
Number of Measurement Points Description . . . . . 6-6
Applying Dc Bias (Option 001 Only) . . . . . . . . . . 6-6
Monitoring the OSC Level or the Dc Bias Level . . . . . 6-7
Performing a GO/NO-GO Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8
Editing a Limit Line Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8

Contents-3
Executing a Limit Line Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-10
Performing a List Sweep Measurement . . . . . . . . . 6-10
Editing a Sweep List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-10
Activating a List Sweep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-11
Constant Current/Voltage Level Measurement . . . . . 6-11
Auto Level Control Measurement for OSC Level Sweep . 6-12
Placing Characters on the Screen . . . . . . . . . . . 6-13
Placing Letters on the Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-14
Editing the Label and Changing the Position or Color . 6-14
Splitting the Measurement Display . . . . . . . . . . . 6-15
Performing Independent Sweeps for Each Channel . . 6-15
Using the Marker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-16
Reading a Value Using the Marker . . . . . . . . . . 6-16
Reading Values by Using the Sub-markers . . . . . . 6-16
Searching for a Specic Point . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-17
Searching for Maximum/Minimum Points . . . . . . 6-17
Searching for Points that Have the Target Value . . 6-17
Storing Your Trace to the Memory Traces . . . . . . . 6-17
Storing the Data Trace to the Memory Trace . . . . . 6-17
Storing More Traces to Memory Traces . . . . . . . 6-17
Displaying Memory Traces . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-18
Displaying a Memory Trace Only When It Is Selected. 6-18
Clearing the Memory Traces . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-18
Using the Trace Math Function . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-19
Calculating Using the Data Trace and Memory Trace . 6-19
Turning O the Data Math Function . . . . . . . . . 6-19
Saving and Recalling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-19
Saving an Analyzer Setting and Measurement Trace . 6-20
Recalling a Saved Analyzer Setting and Measurement
Trace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-20
Saving a Display Image to a TIFF File . . . . . . . . 6-20
Saving Measured Data for a Spreadsheet . . . . . . . 6-21
Purging a File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-21
Initializing a Disk/Memory Disk for Use . . . . . . . 6-21
Printing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-21
Printing a Display Image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-21
Logging the Key Sequence into a Program . . . . . . . 6-22
Measurement Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-23
Smoothing the Trace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-23
Reducing Trace Noise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-23
Increasing the Sweep Speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-23
When the Measurement Result Does Not Seem Correct 6-23
A. Manual Changes
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1
Manual Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1
Serial Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-2

Contents-4
B. Maintenance
Performance Verication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1
Repair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1
Possible Problems and Their Solution . . . . . . . . B-1
Replacement of Center Conductor Collet . . . . . . . . B-2
C. Fixture Compensation Procedures for the
16191A and 16193A
16191A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-1
SHORT Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-1
SHORT Compensation Key Sequence . . . . . . . . C-2
OPEN Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-3
OPEN Compensation Key Sequence . . . . . . . . C-3
Connecting DUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-4
16193A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-5
SHORT Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-5
SHORT Compensation Key Sequence . . . . . . . . C-6
OPEN Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-7
OPEN Compensation Key Sequence . . . . . . . . C-7
Connecting DUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-7
D. Fixture Compensation Procedures for the 16194A
Exchanging the device holder . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-1
Connecting the Test Fixture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-2
Setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-3
SHORT compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-4
Short compensantion key syquence . . . . . . . . . D-4
Open compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-5
Open compensation Key syquence . . . . . . . . . . D-5
Load compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-6
Load compensation Key sequence . . . . . . . . . . D-6
DUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-7
E. Calibration and Compensation
Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-1
Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-1
OPEN/SHORT Fixture Compensation and Electrical
Length Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-1
OPEN/SHORT/LOAD Fixture Compensation . . . . . . E-2
Index

Contents-5
Figures
1-1. Manual Reference Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
2-1. Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
2-2. Agilent Part Numbers of Power Cables . . . . . . . . 2-6
2-3. Rack Mount Kits Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
2-4. Connecting the Test Station to the Mainframe . . . . 2-11
2-5. Connecting the Test Head to the Test Station . . . . . 2-12
2-6. Connecting a BNC Adapter . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13
2-7. Connecting a Keyboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14
3-1. Basic Flow for Impedance Measurements . . . . . . . 3-2
3-2. Required Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
3-3. Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
3-4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5
3-5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5
3-6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5
3-7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6
3-8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6
3-9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6
3-10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7
3-11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7
3-12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9
3-13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9
3-14. Connecting the Test Fixtures (16192A) . . . . . . . . 3-10
3-15. Fixture Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11
4-1. Dielectric Material Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
4-2. Basic Flow for Dielectric Material Measurements . . . 4-3
4-3. Required Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
4-4. Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
4-5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6
4-6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6
4-7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6
4-8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7
4-9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7
4-10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7
4-11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8
4-12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9
4-13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9
4-14. Connecting the Test Fixtures . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10
4-15. Complex Plane Annotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-20
5-1. Magnetic Material Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
5-2. Basic Flow for Magnetic Material Measurements . . . 5-3
5-3. Required Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
5-4. Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5
5-5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6
5-6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6
5-7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6
5-8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7

Contents-6
5-9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7
5-10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7
5-11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8
5-12. Dimensions of the MUT Holder . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9
5-13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10
5-14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10
5-15. Connecting the Test Fixtures (16454A Small) . . . . . 5-10
5-16. Dimensions of the MUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-13
6-1. Point Averaging and Sweep Averaging . . . . . . . . 6-4
6-2. Point Delay and Sweep Delay . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5
6-3. Number of Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6
6-4. Level Monitor Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8
6-5. Limit Line Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8
6-6. List Sweep Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-10
6-7. Label Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-13
6-8. Split Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-15
6-9. Uncoupled Channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-15
6-10. Marker List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-16
A-1. Serial Number Plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-2
D-1. Exchanging the Device Holder . . . . . . . . . . . . D-1
D-2. Connecting the 16194A to the Measurement Terminal . D-2
D-3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-3
D-4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-4
D-5. Open compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-5
D-6. Load compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-6
D-7. DUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-7
E-1. OPEN/SHORT Fixture Compensation . . . . . . . . . E-2

Contents-7
Tables
2-1. Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
2-2. Fuse Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
2-3. Rack Mount Kits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
3-1. Test Fixtures Specication (1/2) . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8
3-2. Dimension of Shorting Devices . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12
3-3. MEASUREMENT Block Parameter Setting . . . . . . 3-16
3-4. STIMULUS Block Parameter Setting . . . . . . . . . 3-16
3-5. MEASUREMENT Block Parameter Setting . . . . . . 3-17
3-6. STIMULUS Block Parameter Setting . . . . . . . . . 3-17
3-7. MEASUREMENT Block Parameter Setting . . . . . . 3-18
3-8. STIMULUS Block Parameter Setting . . . . . . . . . 3-18
3-9. MEASUREMENT Block Parameter Setting . . . . . . 3-19
3-10. STIMULUS Block Parameter Setting . . . . . . . . . 3-19
4-1. MEASUREMENT Block Parameter Setting . . . . . . 4-17
4-2. STIMULUS Block Parameter Setting . . . . . . . . . 4-17
4-3. MEASUREMENT Block Parameter Setting . . . . . . 4-19
4-4. STIMULUS Block Parameter Setting . . . . . . . . . 4-19
5-1. MUT Size For Test Fixtures . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9
5-2. MEASUREMENT Block Parameter Setting . . . . . . 5-15
5-3. STIMULUS Block Parameter Setting . . . . . . . . . 5-15
5-4. MEASUREMENT Block Parameter Setting . . . . . . 5-16
5-5. STIMULUS Block Parameter Setting . . . . . . . . . 5-16
5-6. MEASUREMENT Block Parameter Setting . . . . . . 5-17
5-7. STIMULUS Block Parameter Setting . . . . . . . . . 5-17
A-1. Manual Changes by Serial Number . . . . . . . . . . A-1
A-2. Manual Changes by Firmware Version . . . . . . . . A-1

Contents-8
1
Introduction
This Quick start Guide walks you through system setup and initial
power-on, shows you how to make basic measurements, and explains
commonly used features. Normally, you will use this guide when you
are rst learning to use the 4291B RF Impedance/Material Analyzer.

Using This Manual The organization of this Quick start Guide is described below.
Figure 1-1 shows how to use the manual. Note that chapters 3, 4, and
5 are independent of each other. You need only read the chapter that
pertains to your measurement (or you can read all three).

Figure 1-1. Manual Reference Flow
Chapter 1. Introduction

Introduction 1-1
This chapter provides a brief description of the 4291B and how to
use this manual.
Chapter 2. Installation and Set Up Guide
This chapter provides the information necessary for performing
an incoming inspection and setting up your analyzer. You should
refer to this chapter if the analyzer has not been inspected and
set up for operation.
Chapter 3. Impedance Measurement Quick Start
This chapter provides a quick start guide for impedance
measurement.
Chapter 4. Dielectric Material Measurement Quick Start
This chapter provides a quick start guide for dielectric material
measurement. Dielectric material measurement is available when
Option 002 is installed.
Chapter 5. Magnetic Material Measurement Quick Start
This chapter provides a quick start guide for magnetic material
measurement. Magnetic material measurement is available when
Option 002 is installed.
Chapter 6. Features Common to All Modes
This chapter provides the procedures for the analyzer key
features and measuremnent technique that can be used in all
modes of operation (impedance, dielectric, and magnetic).
Appendix A. Maintenance
This appendix provides information on performance verication,
repair, line voltage setting changes, and fuse replacement.
Appendix B. Compensation Procedure for 16191A and 16193A
This appendix provides the compensation procedure for the
16191A and 16193A. This appendix is referred in \5. Fixture
Compensation" in Chapter 3.
Appendix C. Calibration and Compensation
This appendix provides the explanation of Calibration and
Compensation.

1-2 Introduction
Brief Description For surface-mount component evaluation and material testing, the
of the 4291B 4291B RF Impedance/Material Analyzer is an integrated package
designed to provide accurate testing at higher frequencies.
For component manufacturers, RF and digital equipment designers,
and material researchers, the 4291B provides these capabilities:
Broad frequency coverage from 1 MHz to 1.8 GHz for testing RF
components and materials.
Improved measurement accuracy and repeatability over an
impedance range of 0.1
to 50 k

Surface-mount-device (SMD) test xtures for dierent sizes of chip
capacitors and inductors.
Dielectric test xture and built-in function for measuring
permittivity, including Cole-Cole plot relaxation time (with Option
002 and 16453A).
Magnetic test xture and built-in function for measuring
permeability of ferrite material (with Option 002 and 16454A).
Direct impedance and material parameter measurement versus time,
humidity, or temperature (with an external temperature chamber).

Additional Features Impedance Measurement
Evaluate components with dc bias up to 6100 mA and 640 V
(with Option 001). (See \Applying Dc Bias (Option 001 Only)" in
Chapter 6.)
Monitor test signals applied to your DUTs. (See \Monitoring the
OSC Level or the Dc Bias Level" in Chapter 6.)
Simulate a component with equivalent circuit analysis. (See
\Equivalent Circuit Analysis" in Chapter 3.)
Others
Store the measurement data and analyzer's settings on the DOS
and LIF compatible 1.4 MB oppy disk drive and memory disk.
(See \Saving and Recalling" in Chapter 6.)
Markers and marker utilities (See \Using the Marker" in
Chapter 6.)
Limit lines for go/no-go testing (See \Performing a GO/NO-GO
Test" in Chapter 6.)
Frequency linear/log/list sweep (See \Performing a List Sweep
Measurement" in Chapter 6 for list sweep.)

Introduction 1-3
2
Installation and Set Up Guide
This chapter provides installation and setup instructions. It contains
the following information:
Incoming Inspection
Power Requirements
Replacing the Fuse
Operation Conditions
Ventilation Requirements
Instruction for Cleaning
Rack/Handle Installation
Connecting the Test Station
Connecting the Test Head
Connecting a BNC Adapter
Connecting a Keyboard

Incoming
Inspection
Warning To avoid hazardous electrical shock, do not turn on the analyzer
when there are signs of shipping damage to any portion of the
outer enclosure (for example, covers, panel, or display)

Inspect the shipping container for damage. If the shipping container
or cushioning material is damaged, it should be kept until the contents
of the shipment have been checked for completeness and the analyzer
has been checked mechanically and electrically. The contents of
the shipment should be as listed in Table 2-1. If the contents are
incomplete, if there is mechanical damage or defect, or if the analyzer
does not pass the power-on selftests, notify the nearest Agilent
Technologies oce. If the shipping container is damaged, or the
cushioning material shows signs of unusual stress, notify the carrier as
well as the Agilent Technologies oce. Keep the shipping materials
for the carrier's inspection.

Installation and Set Up Guide 2-1
Table 2-1. Contents
Description Agilent Part Number
RF Impedance/Material Analyzer 4291B
Mainframe
Test Station
High Impedance Test Head 1

Documents 2

Operating Manual 3
04291-90020
Quick Start Guide 3
04291-90021
Programming Manual 3
04291-90027
HP Instrument BASIC Users E2083-90005
Handbook 3

Calibration Kit
0 S Termination 04191-85302
0
Termination 04191-85300
50
Termination 04291-65006
LOW-LOSS Capacitor 04291-60042
Carrying Case 3
04291-60041
Sample Program Disk 04291-18000
mini-DIN Keyboard C3757-60401
Power Cable See \Power Cable"
Option 012 only
Low Impedance Test Head
Option 013 only
High Temperature High-impedance
Test Head
Temperature Coecient 04291-18001
Measurement Program Disk 4

Fixture Stand 4
04291-60121
Pad 4
04291-09001

1 Delete when Option 011 is ordered.
2 Delete when Option 0B0 is ordered
3 This item is not shown in Figure 2-1.

4 See the temperature coecient measurement chapter of Operation Manual.

2-2 Installation and Set Up Guide
Table 2-1. Contents (continued)
Description Agilent Part Number
Option 014 only
High Temperature Low-impedance
Test Head
Temperature Coecient 04291-18001
Measurement Program Disk 1

Fixture Stand 1
04291-60121
Pad 1
04291-09001
Option 0BW only
Service Manual 2
04291-90111
Option 1D5 only
BNC Adapter 1250-1859

1 See the temperature coecient measurement chapter of Operation Manual.
2 This item is not shown in Figure 2-1.

Installation and Set Up Guide 2-3
Figure 2-1. Contents

2-4 Installation and Set Up Guide
Power The 4291B requires the following power source:
Requirements Voltage : 90 to 132 Vac, 198 to 264 Vac
Frequency : 47 to 63 Hz
Power : 300 VA maximum

Power Cable In accordance with international safety standards, this instrument
is equipped with a three-wire power cable. When connected to an
appropriate ac power outlet, this cable grounds the instrument
frame.
The type of power cable shipped with each instrument depends on
the country of destination. Refer to Figure 2-2 for the part numbers
of the power cables available.
Warning For protection from electrical shock, the power cable ground
must not be defeated.
The power plug must be plugged into an outlet that provides a
protective earth ground connection.

Installation and Set Up Guide 2-5
Figure 2-2. Agilent Part Numbers of Power Cables

2-6 Installation and Set Up Guide
Replacing the
Fuse
Fuse Selection Select proper fuse according to the Table 2-2.
Table 2-2. Fuse Selection
Fuse Rating/Type Fuse Part Number
5A 250Vac
UL/CSA type 2110-0030
Time Delay

For ordering the fuse,contact your nearest Hewlett-Packard Sales and
Service Oce.

Procedure Perform the following steps to exchange the fuse:

Lever a small minus screwdriver to To check or replace the fuse, pull the fuse
dismount the fuse holder above the AC holder and remove the fuse. To reinstall
line receptacle on the rear panel. the fuse, insert a fuse with the proper
rating into the fuse holder.

Caution Use the proper fuse for the line voltage selected. Use only fuses with
the required current rating and of the specied type as replacements.
DO NOT use a mended fuse or short-circuit the fuse-holder in order to
by-pass a blown fuse. Find out what caused the fuse to blow!

Installation and Set Up Guide 2-7
Operation The 4291B must be operated under within the following environment
Conditions conditions, and sucient space must be kept behind the 4291B to
avoid obstructing the air ow of the cooling fans.
Temperature
Disk drive non-operating condition : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 0 C to 40 C
Disk drive operating condition : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 10 C to 40 C
Humidity
@wet bulb temperature <29 C, without condensation
Disk drive non-operating condition : : : : : : : : : : : : 15 % to 95 % RH
Disk drive operating condition : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 15 % to 80 % RH
Warm up time : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 30 minutes
Note The 4291B must be protected from temperature extremes which could
cause condensation within the instrument.

Ventilation To ensure adequate ventilation, make sure that there is adequate
Requirements clearance of at least 180mm behind and 60mm sides.

Instruction for To prevent electrical shock, disconnect the 4291B power cable from
Cleaning the receptacle before cleaning. Wipe with a dry cloth or a soft cloth
that is soaked with water and wrung tightly without undue pressure
to clean the casing. Do not attempt to clean the 4291B internally.

Rack Mounting Rack mounting information is provided with the rack mount kit. If
the kit was not ordered with the analyzer as an option, it may be
ordered through the nearest Agilent Technologies oce. The part
numbers of the rack mount kit are shown in Table 2-3.
Table 2-3. Rack Mount Kits
Option Description Agilent Part
Number
1CN Handle Kit 5063-9229
1CM Rack Mount Kit 5063-9216
1CP Rack Mount & Handle Kit 5063-9223

2-8 Installation and Set Up Guide
Rack/Handle The 4291B can be rack mounted and used as a component in a
Installation measurement system. Figure 2-3 shows how to rack mount the 4291B.

Figure 2-3. Rack Mount Kits Installation
Option 1CN Handle Kit Option 1CN is a handle kit containing a pair of handles and the
necessary hardware to attach them to the instrument.
Installing the Handle
1. Remove the adhesive-backed trim strips from the left and right
1
front sides of the 4291B.
2. Attach the front handles to the sides using the screws provided.
3
3. Attach the trim strips to the handles.
4

Option 1CM Rack Option 1CM is a rack mount kit containing a pair of anges and the
Mount Kit necessary hardware to mount them to the instrument in an equipment
rack with 482.6 mm (19 inches) horizontal spacing.
Mounting the Rack
1. Remove the adhesive-backed trim strips from the left and right
1
front sides of the 4291B.
2. Attach the rack mount ange to the left and right front sides of
2
the 4291B using the screws provided.

Installation and Set Up Guide 2-9
3. Remove all four feet (lift bar on the inner side of the foot, and
slide the foot toward the bar).

Option 1CP Rack Option 1CP is a rack mount kit containing a pair of anges and the
Mount & Handle Kit necessary hardware to mount them to an instrument which has
handles attached, in an equipment rack with 482.6 mm (19 inches)
spacing.
Mounting the Handle and Rack
1. Remove the adhesive-backed trim strips from the left and right
1
front sides of the 4291B.
2. Attach the front handle and the rack mount ange together
3 5
on the left and right front sides of the 4291B using the screws
provided.
3. Remove all four feet (lift bar on the inner side of the foot, and
slide the foot toward the bar).

2-10 Installation and Set Up Guide
Connecting the The 4291B consists of the mainframe, the test station, and the test
Test Station head. The connection of the test station and the mainframe is shown
in Figure 2-4. While you connect the test station to the mainframe,
turn o the analyzer.

Figure 2-4. Connecting the Test Station to the Mainframe
1. Engage the two type-N connectors (labeled S and R, respectively)
and the center connector.
2. Turn the two type-N connectors to tighten the connection.

Installation and Set Up Guide 2-11
Connecting the
Test Head
Selecting the Test Agilent Technologies provides two kinds of test heads: the High
Head Impedance Test Head and the Low Impedance Test Head. The low
impedance test head is furnished when Option 012 is ordered.
An analyzer that is equipped with a high impedance test head
can measure all measurement ranges. However, the measurement
accuracy drops at low impedances. Usually, when the impedance of
the DUT is less than approximately 10
, the low impedance test
head provides better measurement accuracy than the high impedance
test head. For more selection information , see the chapter 12 of the
Operation Manual.

Connecting the Test How to connect the test head to the test station is shown in
Head to the Test Figure 2-5. When you replace the test head, turn o the analyzer.
Station

Figure 2-5. Connecting the Test Head to the Test Station
1. Insert the test head into the test station along the guide rail.
2. Tighten the two knobs on the test head to x the test head to the
test station.

2-12 Installation and Set Up Guide
Connecting a BNC When Option 1D5 is installed, connect a BNC adapter between the
Adapter (Option REF OVEN output and the EXT REF Input on the rear panel of the
analyzer. The BNC adapter is included in Option 1D5. Option 1D5
1D5 Only) improves the frequency accuracy and stability of the analyzer.

Figure 2-6. Connecting a BNC Adapter

Connecting a A mini-DIN keyboard can be connected to the mini-DIN connector on
Keyboard the rear panel of the analyzer. The mini-DIN keyboard provides an
easier way to enter characters for the le names, display titles, and
Instrument BASIC programs. It can also access the analyzer softkey
functions by using keyboard function keys. For more information on
the mini-DIN keyboard, see the Programming Manual.

Installation and Set Up Guide 2-13
Figure 2-7. Connecting a Keyboard

2-14 Installation and Set Up Guide
3
Impedance Measurement Quick Start
Overview This chapter provides a quick start guide for impedance
measurements. New users can quickly become familiar with the
analyzer by performing these procedures. In this chapter, to help you
learn how to use the analyzer, the capacitor measurements are used
as examples. At the end of the quick start procedures, you will have
learned how to get the following measurement results:
(1). Frequency characteristics of impedance.
(2). Frequency chara