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Safety Summary
When you notice any of the unusual conditions listed below, immediately
terminate operation and disconnect the power cable.
Contact your local Agilent Technologies sales representative or
authorized service company for repair of the instrument. If you continue
to operate without repairing the instrument, there is a potential fire or
shock hazard for the operator.
n Instrument operates abnormally.
n Instrument emits abnormal noise, smell, smoke or a spark-like light
during the operation.
n Instrument generates high temperature or electrical shock during
operation.
n Power cable, plug, or receptacle on instrument is damaged.
n Foreign substance or liquid has fallen into the instrument.
Caution
Do not exceed the operating input power, voltage, and current
level and signal type appropriate for the instrument being used, refer to
your instrument's Operation Manual.
Electrostatic discharge(ESD) can damage the highly sensitive
microcircuits in your instrument. ESD damage is most likely to occur as
the test fixtures are being connected or disconnected. Protect them from
ESD damage by wearing a grounding strap that provides a high
resistance path to ground. Alternatively, ground yourself to discharge any
static charge built-up by touching the outer shell of any grounded
instrument chassis before touching the test port connectors.
4395A
Agilent 4395A Network/Spectrum/Impedance Analyzer
Operation Manual
SERIAL NUMBERS
This manual applies directly to instruments which have
the serial number pre x JP1KE and MY411.
For additional important information about serial numbers,
read \Serial Number" in Appendix D of this Manual.
Agilent Part No. 04395-90030
Printed in JAPAN December 2002
Fifth Edition
Notice
The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice.
This document contains proprietary information that is protected by copyright. All rights are
reserved. No part of this document may be photocopied, reproduced, or translated to another
language without the prior written consent of the Agilent Technologies.
Agilent Technologies Japan, Ltd.
Component Test PGU-Kobe
1-3-2, Murotani, Nishi-ku, Kobe-shi,
Hyogo, 651-2241 Japan
Copyright 1997, 1998, 2000, 2001, 2002 Agilent Technologies Japan, Ltd.
c
Manual Printing History
The manual printing date and part number indicate its current edition. The printing date
changes when a new edition is printed. (Minor corrections and updates that are incorporated
at reprint do not cause the date to change.) The manual part number changes when extensive
technical changes are incorporated.
September 1997 : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : First Edition (part number: 04395-90000)
September 1998 : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : Second Edition (part number: 04395-90010)
March 2000 : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : Third Edition (part number: 04395-90010)
July 2001 : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : Fourth Edition (part number: 04395-90020)
December 2002 : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : Fifth Edition (part number: 04395-90030)
iii
Certi cation
Agilent Technologies certi es that this product met its published speci cations at the time
of shipment from the factory. Agilent Technologies further certi es that its calibration
measurements are traceable to the United States National Institute of Standards and
Technology, to the extent allowed by the Institution's calibration facility, or to the calibration
facilities of other International Standards Organization members.
Warranty
This Agilent Technologies instrument product is warranted against defects in material and
workmanship for a period of one year from the date of shipment, except that in the case of
certain components listed in General Information of this manual, the warranty shall be for the
speci ed period. During the warranty period, Agilent Technologies will, at its option, either
repair or replace products that prove to be defective.
For warranty service or repair, this product must be returned to a service facility designated by
Agilent Technologies. Buyer shall prepay shipping charges to Agilent Technologies and Agilent
Technologies shall pay shipping charges to return the product to Buyer. However, Buyer shall
pay all shipping charges, duties, and taxes for products returned to Agilent Technologies from
another country.
Agilent Technologies warrants that its software and rmware designated by Agilent
Technologies for use with an instrument will execute its programming instruction when
property installed on that instrument. Agilent Technologies does not warrant that the operation
of the instrument, or software, or rmware will be uninterrupted or error free.
Limitation Of Warranty
The foregoing warranty shall not apply to defects resulting from improper or inadequate
maintenance by Buyer, Buyer-supplied software or interfacing, unauthorized modi cation or
misuse, operation outside the environmental speci cations for the product, or improper site
preparation or maintenance.
No other warranty is expressed or implied. Agilent Technologies speci cally disclaims the
implied warranties of merchantability and tness for a particular purpose.
iv
Exclusive Remedies
The remedies provided herein are buyer's sole and exclusive remedies. Agilent Technologies
shall not be liable for any direct, indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages,
whether based on contract, tort, or any other legal theory.
Assistance
Product maintenance agreements and other customer assistance agreements are available for
Agilent Technologies products.
For any assistance, contact your nearest Agilent Technologies Sales and Service Oce.
Addresses are provided at the back of this manual.
v
Safety Summary
The following general safety precautions must be observed during all phases of operation,
service, and repair of this instrument. Failure to comply with these precautions or with speci c
WARNINGS elsewhere in this manual may impair the protection provided by the equipment.
In addition it violates safety standards of design, manufacture, and intended use of the
instrument.
The Agilent Technologies assumes no liability for the customer's failure to comply with these
requirements.
Note 4395A comply with INSTALLATION CATEGORY II and POLLUTION DEGREE 2
in IEC1010-1. 4395A are INDOOR USE product.
Note LEDs in this product are Class 1 in accordance with IEC825-1.
CLASS 1 LED PRODUCT
Ground The Instrument
To avoid electric shock hazard, the instrument chassis and cabinet must be connected to a
safety earth ground by the supplied power cable with earth blade.
DO NOT Operate In An Explosive Atmosphere
Do not operate the instrument in the presence of
ammable gasses or fumes. Operation of any
electrical instrument in such an environment constitutes a de nite safety hazard.
Keep Away From Live Circuits
Operating personnel must not remove instrument covers. Component replacement and internal
adjustments must be made by quali ed maintenance personnel. Do not replace components
with the power cable connected. Under certain conditions, dangerous voltages may exist even
with the power cable removed. To avoid injuries, always disconnect power and discharge
circuits before touching them.
DO NOT Service Or Adjust Alone
Do not attempt internal service or adjustment unless another person, capable of rendering rst
aid and resuscitation, is present.
DO NOT Substitute Parts Or Modify Instrument
Because of the danger of introducing additional hazards, do not install substitute parts or
perform unauthorized modi cations to the instrument. Return the instrument to a Agilent
Technologies Sales and Service Oce for service and repair to ensure that safety features are
maintained.
vi
Dangerous Procedure Warnings
Warnings , such as the example below, precede potentially dangerous procedures throughout
this manual. Instructions contained in the warnings must be followed.
Warning Dangerous voltages, capable of causing death, are present in this
instrument. Use extreme caution when handling, testing, and adjusting
this instrument.
vii
Safety Symbols
General de nitions of safety symbols used on equipment or in manuals are listed below.
Instruction manual symbol: the product is marked with this symbol when it is
necessary for the user to refer to the instruction manual.
Alternating current.
Direct current.
On (Supply).
O (Supply).
In position of push-button switch.
Out position of push-button switch.
Frame (or chassis) terminal. A connection to the frame (chassis) of the
equipment which normally include all exposed metal structures.
This Warning sign denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a procedure, practice,
condition or the like, which, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could
result in injury or death to personnel.
This Caution sign denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a procedure, practice,
condition or the like, which, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could
result in damage to or destruction of part or all of the product.
This Note sign denotes important information. It calls attention to a
procedure, practice, condition or the like, which is essential to highlight.
Axed to product containing static sensitive devices use anti-static handling
procedures to prevent electrostatic discharge damage to component.
viii
Typeface Conventions
Bold Boldface type is used when a term is de ned. For example: icons are
symbols.
Italics Italic type is used for emphasis and for titles of manuals and other
publications.
Italic type is also used for keyboard entries when a name or a variable
must be typed in place of the words in italics. For example: copy
lename means to type the word copy, to type a space, and then to
type the name of a le such as file1.
Computer Computer font is used for on-screen prompts and messages.
4HARDKEYS5 Labeled keys on the instrument front panel are enclosed in 4 5.
NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN NNNNN
SOFTKEYS Softkeys located to the right of the LCD are enclosed in .
ix
Documentation Map
The following manuals are available for the analyzer.
Operation Manual (Agilent Part Number 04395-900x0)
The Operation Manual describes all function accessed from the front panel keys and
softkeys. It also provides information on options and accessories available, speci cations,
system performance, and some topics about the analyzer's features.
Programming Manual (Agilent Part Number 04395-900x1)
The Programming Manual shows how to write and use BASIC program to control the
analyzer and describes how HP Instrument BASIC works with the analyzer..
HP Instrument BASIC Users Handbook (Agilent Part Number 04155-90151)
The HP Instrument BASIC User's Handbook introduces you to the HP Instrument BASIC
programming language, provide some helpful hints on getting the most use from it, and
provide a general programming reference. It is divided into three books, HP Instrument
BASIC Programming Techniques, HP Instrument BASIC Interface Techniques, and HP
Instrument BASIC Language Reference.
Service Manual (Option 0BW only), (Agilent Part Number 04395-901x0)
The Service Manual explains how to adjust, troubleshoot, and repair the instrument.
This manual is option 0BW only.
The number indicated by \x" in the part number of each manual, is allocated for numbers
increased by one each time a revision is made. The latest edition comes with the product.
x
Contents
1. Introduction
About the 4395A Network/Spectrum/Impedance Analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
About This Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Document Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
2. Installation Guide
Incoming Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
Replacing Fuse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
Fuse Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
Power Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
Power Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
Operation Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
Providing clearance to dissipate heat at installation site . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
Instruction for Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
Rack/Handle Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
Option 1CN Handle Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
Installing the Handle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
Option 1CM Rack Mount Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
Mounting the Rack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
Option 1CP Rack Mount & Handle Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
Mounting the Handle and Rack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
Connecting Cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
Connecting a Test Set for Network Analyzer Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10
Connecting an Active Probe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12
For Spectrum Analyzer Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12
For Network Analyzer Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12
Connecting an Impedance Test Kit and a Test Fixture for Impedance Analyzer
Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16
Connecting an Impedance Test Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16
Connecting a Test Fixture to the Impedance Test Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16
Connecting a Keyboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18
Setting Up a 75
Measurement For Spectrum Analyzer Mode . . . . . . . . . 2-19
3. Quick Start Guide
Network Analyzer Tour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
Before You Leave On The Tour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
Required Equipments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
Step 1: Preparing for the Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
Turning ON the 4395A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
Connecting the DUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
Step 2: Setting up the 4395A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5
Setting the Analyzer Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5
Setting the Active Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6
Contents-1
Selecting the Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6
Setting the Frequency Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7
Performing the Automatic Scaling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8
Step 3: Making a Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10
Step 4: Reading a Measurement Result . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12
Reading a Measured Value by Using Marker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12
Step 5: Printing Out the Measurement Result . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14
Con guring and Connecting a Printer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14
Making a Hardcopy of the LCD Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14
Spectrum Analyzer Tour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15
Before You Leave On The Tour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15
Required Equipments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16
Step 1: Preparing for a Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-17
Turning ON the 4395A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-17
Connecting the DUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-17
Step 2: Setting Up the 4395A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-18
Setting the Analyzer Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-18
Setting the Active Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-19
Selecting the Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-19
Setting the Frequency Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-20
Step 3: Making a Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-22
Reading the Peak Level Using the Marker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-22
Setting the Resolution Bandwidth to See Low Level Signals . . . . . . . . . 3-23
Searching for Harmonics Using the Search Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-25
Step 4: Saving and Recalling 4395A Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-26
Preparing the Disk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-26
Saving 4395A Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-27
Entering the File Name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-27
Recalling the 4395A Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-29
Impedance Analyzer Tour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-31
Before You Leave On The Tour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-31
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-31
Required Equipments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-32
Step 1: Preparing for the Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-33
Connecting the Impedance Test Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-33
Turning ON the 4395A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-33
Setting Up the 4395A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-34
Setting the Analyzer Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-34
Activating Channel 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-35
Setting the Sweep Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-36
Setting the Output Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-37
Setting the IF Bandwidth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-38
Setting the Averaging Factor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-39
Step 3: Making a Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-41
OPEN Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-41
SHORT Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-42
LOAD Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-43
Step 4: Connecting and Setting Up a Test Fixture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-45
Connecting the xture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-45
Setting the Electrical Length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-45
Fixture Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-47
Step 5: Carrying Out Impedance Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-49
Selecting the Measurement Parameters for Channel 1 . . . . . . . . . . . 3-49
Connecting the DUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-50
Contents-2
Performing the Automatic Scaling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-50
Step 6: Switching from Channel 1 to Channel 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-52
Setting the Averaging Factor for Channel 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-53
Step 7: Selecting the measurement parameters for Channel 2 . . . . . . . . 3-54
Step 8: Dual Channel Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-56
4. Front and Rear Panels
Features of 4395A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
1. Hardkeys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
ACTIVE CHANNEL Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
MEASUREMENT Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
SWEEP Key Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
MARKER Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
INSTRUMENT STATE Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
ENTRY keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
2. Softkeys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
Softkeys that are Joined by Vertical Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
Softkeys That Toggle Between On and O States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
Softkeys that Show Status Indications in Brackets . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
3. GPIB \REMOTE" Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
4. 4Preset5 Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
5. PROBE POWER Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
6. Analyzer Input Terminals R, A, and B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
7. RF OUT Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
8. DC SOURCE (DC Voltage/Current Output) Connector (Option 001) . . . 4-4
9. Built-in Flexible Disk Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
10. LINE Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
11. Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
Screen Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
1. Active Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6
2. Measured Input(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7
3. Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7
4. SCALE/DIV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7
5. Reference Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7
6. Marker Data Readout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7
7. Marker Statistics and Width Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7
8. Softkey Labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8
9. PASS/FAIL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8
10. Sweep Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8
11. Sweep Parameter Span/Stop Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8
12. Power Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8
13. CW Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8
14. Video Bandwidth (VBW) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8
15. Input Attenuator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8
16. Sweep Parameter Center/Start Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8
17. RBW/IFBW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9
18. Status Notations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9
19. External Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10
20. Active Entry Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10
21. Message Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10
22. Title . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10
Rear Panel Features and Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11
Contents-3
1. External Reference Input Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11
2. Internal Reference Output Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11
3. External Program RUN/CONT Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12
4. I/O Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12
5. Power Cable Receptacle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12
6. GPIB Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12
7. External Monitor Terminal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12
8. Parallel Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12
9. 24-bit I/O Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12
10. mini-DIN Keyboard Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12
11. Test Set I/O Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-13
12. Gate Output (Option 1D6 Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-13
13. External Trigger Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-13
14. Reference Oven Output (Option 1D5 Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-13
5. Preparations for Measurements
Selecting an appropriate connection of DUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
For Network Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
Connecting DUT for Directional Transmission Characteristic Measurement . . 5-1
Connecting DUT for Directional Transmission and Re
ection Characteristics
Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
Connecting DUT for Bi-directional Transmission and Re
ection Characteristics
(Four S Parameters) Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
Connecting DUT for Transmission Characteristic Measurement When the
Output Signal is in a Circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
Connecting DUT for Transmission Characteristic Measurement When the Input
and Output Signals are in a Circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5
For Spectrum Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6
Connecting DUT When Directly Measuring the Signal . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6
Connecting DUT When Measuring the Signal in a Circuit . . . . . . . . . . 5-6
For Impedance Measurement (Option 010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8
Connecting the Impedance Test Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8
Presetting 4395A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9
6. Setting and Optimizing Measurement Conditions
Selecting the Analyzer Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2
Selecting the Active Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2
Dual Channel Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3
Setting Up the Trigger System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4
Setting Up the Trigger System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4
Using the External Trigger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4
Setting the Trigger Signal Polarity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5
Generating a Trigger Event on Each Measurement Point (NA, ZA Mode) . . . . 6-5
Setting the Sweep Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6
Selecting the Sweep Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6
Selecting the Sweep Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6
Using the Power Sweep Function (NA, ZA Mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-7
Selecting the Input Port/Measurement Parameter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-7
To Select the Input Port in NA Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-7
With the T/R Test Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-7
With the S-Parameter Test Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-7
To Select the Input Port in SA Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8
To Select the Measurement Parameter in ZA mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8
Selecting the Measurement Format (NA, ZA Mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-10
Contents-4
Selecting the Measurement Format in NA Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-10
Displaying the Trace as a Smith Chart (NA, ZA Mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-10
How To Change Marker Readout Format (NA, ZA Mode) . . . . . . . . . . . 6-11
Using the Impedance Conversion Function (NA Mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-11
To Display Phase beyond 6180 Degrees (NA, ZA Mode) . . . . . . . . . . . 6-12
Using the Complex Plane Format (ZA Mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-12
Displaying R-X in the Complex Plane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-12
Using the Marker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-13
Adjusting the Scale Setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-13
Selecting the Display Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-14
Selecting the Display Unit in SA Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-14
Selecting the Phase Unit (NA, ZA Mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-14
Setting the Frequency Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-15
Setting the Center Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-15
Setting the Marker Position to Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-15
Setting the Maximum Peak to Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-17
Change the Center Frequency by the Speci ed Step Size . . . . . . . . . . . 6-17
Example: Displaying Harmonics (SA Mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-18
Setting the Frequency Span . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-19
Narrowing the Span Setting (SA Mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-20
Setting the Frequency Range to Full Span . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-20
Setting the Sweep Parameters Using 4Start5 and 4Stop5 . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-21
Zooming To a Part of the Trace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-22
Change the Zooming Factor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-22
Displaying a Zoomed Trace on the Other Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-22
Adjusting the Scale and Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-23
Automatically Adjusting the Scale and Reference (NA, ZA Mode) . . . . . . 6-23
Manually Adjusting the Scale and Reference (NA, ZA Mode) . . . . . . . . 6-23
Setting the Reference (SA Mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-24
Using the Numeric Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-24
Using the Marker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-24
Changing the Scale per Division (SA Mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-25
Setting the IF/Resolution/Video Bandwidth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-26
Setting the IF Bandwidth (NA, ZA Mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-26
Setting the IF Bandwidth to Auto Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-26
Setting the Resolution Bandwidths (SA Mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-27
Setting the Resolution Bandwidth to Auto Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-27
Setting the Video Bandwidth (SA Mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-28
Resetting the Video Bandwidth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-28
7. Calibration
Calibration Required for the Network Analyzer Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1
To Select an Appropriate Calibration Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1
Performing a Response Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2
Performing a Response & Isolation Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2
Performing an S11 1-Port Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4
Performing an S22 1-Port Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5
Performing a Full 2-Port Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-6
Performing a 1-Path 2-Port Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-8
Selecting the Calibration Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-10
Customizing the User De ned Calibration Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-10
De ning the Standard De nition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-10
Step 1: Preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-10
Step 2: Opening the De ne Standard Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-10
Step 3: Entering C Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-11
Contents-5
Step 4: Entering OFFSET Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-11
Step 5: Entering a Standard Class Label . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-11
Step 6: Completing the De nition of a Calibration Kit . . . . . . . . . . 7-11
De ning a Class Assignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-12
Step 1: Preparing for the Class Assignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-12
Step 2: Specifying the Standard Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-12
Step 3: Creating the Standard Class Label . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-13
Labeling and Saving Calibration Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-13
Verifying the De nition of the User-De ned Calibration Kit . . . . . . . . 7-13
Calibration Required for the Impedance Analyzer Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-14
OPEN/SHORT/LOAD Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-14
Calibration Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-14
Connecting the Test Fixture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-15
Setting the Electrical Length of the Test Fixture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-17
Setting the User De ned Fixture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-17
Performing Fixture Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-18
Selecting the Calibration Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-19
De ning a Custom Fixture Compensation Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-19
Step 1: Opening the Fixture Compensation Kit Modi cation Menu . . . . . 7-19
Step 2: Specifying Parameter Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-20
Step 3: Specifying the Standard Label . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-20
8. Analyzing the Measurement Results
Interpreting the Trace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2
To Read a Value Using the Marker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2
Improving the Readout Resolution (SA Mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3
To Select Marker Readout Unit (SA Nide) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3
To Use the Sub-markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-4
To Use the 1Marker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5
To Search for a Point that has the Target Value (NA, SA Mode) . . . . . . . . 8-5
To Search for the Peak-to-Peak of Ripples Using the Statistics Function . . . . 8-7
Step 1: To Specify the Search Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-7
Step 2: To Search For the Ripple . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-7
To Search for a Single Peak on the Trace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-8
To Search for Multiple Peaks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-9
To De ne the Peak for Search (To Ignore Unnecessary Peaks) . . . . . . . . . 8-10
De ning the Peak Slope to Ignore the Relatively Broad Peaks (NA, ZA Mode) 8-10
Entering Directly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-10
Using the Marker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-10
De ning Peak Height (SA Mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-11
Specifying the Peak Threshold to Ignore the Absolutely Small Peaks . . . . 8-11
Entering Directly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-11
Using the Marker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-11
To Specify the Search Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-12
Using the Marker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-12
Using the 1Marker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-12
To Use the Trace Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-14
To Store the Trace into the Trace Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-14
To Display Memory Traces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-14
To Use the Trace Math Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-15
To Turn O the Data Math Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-15
To Multiply the Trace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-15
To Clear a Multiplied Trace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-15
To Overlay Multiple Traces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-16
To Store the Trace into the Overlay Trace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-16
Contents-6
To Clear the Overlay Traces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-16
To Print . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-17
To Print Out a Display Image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-17
To See or Print a Measured Value List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-17
To Print an Analyzer Setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-17
To Save and Recall the Settings and Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-19
To Save an Analyzer Setting or Measurement Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-19
Specifying the Data Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-20
Specifying a Data Array Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-20
To Recall a Saved Analyzer Setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-20
To Save a Display Image to a TIFF File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-21
To Save Measured Data for a Spreadsheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-21
To Copy a File between Floppy Disk and Memory Disk . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-22
To Initialize a Disk for Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-22
To Initialize the Memory Disk for Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-23
To Back Up the Memory Disk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-23
Typical Network Measurement Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-24
Measuring 3 dB Bandwidth Using the Width Function . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-25
Measuring Electrical Length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-27
Setting the Velocity Factor of a Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-28
Measuring Phase Deviation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-29
Deviation from the Linear Phase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-29
Group Delay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-29
Setting the Group Delay Aperture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-30
Compensating for the Electrical Delay Caused by an Extension Cable . . . . . 8-31
If the Electrical Delay of the Extension Cable is Known . . . . . . . . . . 8-31
If the Electrical Delay of the Extension Cable is Unknown . . . . . . . . . 8-32
Measuring the Electrical Length of a Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-32
Re
ection of a Opened or Shorted Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-32
Typical Spectrum Measurement Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-34
Measuring the Noise Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-35
Converting to a Dierent Unit of Equivalent Noise Bandwidth . . . . . . . 8-35
Measuring the Carrier to Noise Ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-37
Time Gated Spectrum Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-38
Gate Trigger Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-38
Edge Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-38
Level Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-39
RBW Filter Response Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-40
Performing Time Gated Spectrum Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-41
Step 1: Determining the Gate Trigger Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-41
Step 2: Connecting the Gate Trigger Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-43
Step 3: Setting the Center and Span Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-43
Step 4: Adjusting the Gate Trigger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-43
Setting the RBW/VBW and Using the Averaging Function . . . . . . . . . . 8-44
Setting the Resolution Bandwidth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-44
Setting the Video Bandwidth (VBW) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-45
Measuring the Spectrum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-46
Measuring Zero Span . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-47
Reading Transition Time Using the Marker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-48
Tracking Unstable Harmonics Using the Search Track Function . . . . . . . . 8-50
Typical Impedance Measurement Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-51
Applying DC Bias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-51
Setting the Upper Limit for DC Bias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-52
Setting up and Applying Output Voltage/Current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-52
Equivalent Circuit Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-53
Contents-7
Menus Associated with Equivalent Circuit Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-53
Equivalent Circuit Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-53
Select Equivalent Circuit Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-54
De ne Equivalent Circuit Parameter Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-54
Using the Equivalent Circuit Analysis Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-56
Calculating Approximate Values of Equivalent Circuit Constants . . . . . 8-56
Simulating a Trace from the Equivalent Circuit Parameters . . . . . . . . 8-56
Determining Q Value Using the Width Search Function . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-57
Widths Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-57
Width Value Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-57
Using the Anti-Resonance Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-58
Using the Resonance Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-58
Using the Admittance Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-58
Port Extension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-59
9. Advanced Techniques for Optimizing Measurements
Reducing Sweep Time (Using List Sweep) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2
Planning the sweep list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2
Editing a Sweep List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-3
To Modify or Delete the Segment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-4
Executing the List Sweep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-5
Improving Dynamic Range (NA Mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-6
Adjusting the IF Bandwidth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-6
Using List Sweep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-7
Performing GO/NO-GO Test of a Filter (using limit line) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-8
Planning the Limit Lime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-9
Editing a Limit Line Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-9
To Modify or Delete the Segment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-10
Executing a Limit Line Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-10
To Make a Limit Line Test Active . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-10
To Beep When the Limit Test is Failed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-11
To Oset the Limit Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-12
Stabilizing the Trace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-13
To Stop the Sweep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-13
To Use the Averaging Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-13
To Use Maximum or Minimum Hold Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-13
To Capture an Unstable Signal Using Signal Track . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-14
10. Examples of Applications
Measuring Transmission Characteristics of a Filter (NA Mode) . . . . . . . . . 10-2
Measurement Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-2
Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-2
Analyzer Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-2
Performing Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
Read Out Insertion Loss Using the Marker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
6 dB Bandwidth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
Ripple . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-4
Measuring Phase Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-5
Using the Expanded Phase Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-6
Re
ection Measurement (NA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-7
Measurement Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-8
Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-8
Analyzer Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-8
Performing Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-8
Contents-8
Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-9
Return Loss and Re
ection Coecient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-9
Standing Wave Ratio (SWR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-10
S-Parameters Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-11
Data Readout Using the Marker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-11
Impedance Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-12
Admittance Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-13
Gain Compression Measurement (NA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-14
Measurement Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-14
Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-14
Analyzer Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-15
Performing Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-15
Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-15
Absolute Output Level Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-16
AM Signal Measurement (SA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-18
Test Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-18
Measurement Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-18
Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-18
Analyzer Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-18
Carrier Amplitude and Frequency Measurement Using the Marker . . . . . . 10-18
Modulating Frequency and Modulation Index Measurement Using 1Marker . . 10-19
FM Signal Measurement (SA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-21
Test Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-21
Measurement Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-21
Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-21
Analyzer Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-21
Frequency Deviation of Wide Band FM Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-21
Frequency Deviation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-21
Carrier Level and Modulating Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-22
Evaluation of a Chip Capacitor (ZA Mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-24
Measurement Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-24
Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-24
Analyzer Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-24
Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-25
Connecting the Test Fixture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-25
Setting the Electrical Length of the Test Fixture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-26
Fixture Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-26
Capacitance and Dissipation Factor under Swept Frequency . . . . . . . . . 10-27
Setting Measurement Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-27
Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-27
jZj and (Phase) under Swept Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-28
Equivalent Circuit Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-29
Evaluation of a Crystal Resonator (ZA Mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-31
Measurement Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-31
Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-31
Analyzer Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .