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Keysight Technologies
Humidity-dependent Surface Chemistry Studied
by Keysight 7500 Atomic Force Microscopy
Application Note
Introduction represents the calcite surface. In order
to demonstrate that the hydroxylation
One of the key advantages of atomic reaction of calcite surfaces can be
force microscopy (AFM) over other captured from an AFM point of view,
members within the microscopy family a freshly cleaved CaCO 3 sample was
is its capability of being operated under placed into the AFM chamber for a
different environments. Particularly, certain period of time while the relative
a complete control of the relative humidity inside was maintained at a
humidity (RH) in air surrounding the preferable level. Then it was checked
localized tip/sample region is highly by an AFM. Showing in Figure 1 is AFM
Topography desired for an AFM as it will render topography of the resulting surface. In
users a valuable means to address addition to those surface features such
a lot of humidity-dependent issues. as the smooth domains and straight step
The Keysight Technologies, Inc. edges that are intrinsic to the calcite
7500 AFM system is comprised of a material, some newly formed protrusion
sealed environmental chamber with islands are clearly resolved. Three
eight accessible ports and a build-in selected examples are highlighted using
humidity senor, thus allowing the in situ the dotted white circles. Such surface
monitoring and control of the RH during morphologies are not observed on those
AFM measurements. In this application calcite samples when they were imaged
brief, investigations of the inluence of immediately after transferring into the
humidity on selected surface reactions AFM chamber or the relative humidity
using Keysight 7500 AFM will is very low. Therefore, AFM enables the
be presented. direct visualization and recognition of
Figure 1. AFM detection of calcite surface calcite surface changes.
reactions under controlled humidity conditions.
AFM topography of the resulting calcite surface AFM Detection of
after hydroxylation reactions. Scan size:
Calcite Surface Reac- AFM-based Material
1.2