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CCS Technical Documentation
RH-17 Series Transceivers
Troubleshooting -- Antennas
Issue 1 04/2003 Confidential Nokia Corporation
RH-17
Troubleshooting -- Antennas CCS Technical Documentation
Page 2 Nokia Corporation Confidential Issue 1 04/2003
RH-17
CCS Technical Documentation Troubleshooting -- Antennas
Contents
Page No
Troubleshooting - Antennas........................................................................................... 5
Appearance of the Phone .............................................................................................5
Failures and Corrective Measures ...............................................................................6
Missing Internal Antenna or Whip Antenna ............................................................. 6
Damaged RF Feed Pin or Ground Pin....................................................................... 6
Wrong Internal Antenna Installed ............................................................................. 7
Obstructed RF Feed and Ground Pads for the Internal Antenna............................... 8
Broken or Missing Antenna Clip .............................................................................. 8
Obstructed Whip Stopper .......................................................................................... 9
Grounding of Display Frame..................................................................................... 9
Misinstalled Whip ................................................................................................... 12
Damaged Whips ...................................................................................................... 12
Detuning Circuit for Bottom Antenna Clip............................................................. 12
RF Connector Failure .............................................................................................. 13
Issue 1 04/2003 Nokia Corporation Confidential Page 3
RH-17
Troubleshooting -- Antennas CCS Technical Documentation
Page 4 Nokia Corporation Confidential Issue 1 04/2003
RH-17
CCS Technical Documentation Troubleshooting -- Antennas
Troubleshooting - Antennas
This troubleshooting guide addresses potential failures that will affect the antenna per-
formance of the RH-17 phone, and how to correct these failures.
For additional information, refer to Haukka Antenna RF Specifications and Plan
(DHS02290-EN-1.0)
Appearance of the Phone
Figure 1: Front of RH-17
Figure 2: Back of RH-17
Figure 3: Back and Top of RH-17
Note in Figure 3 that when the whip antenna is properly installed, the cap "clicks" into
the D-cover when the whip is fully retracted.
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RH-17
Troubleshooting -- Antennas CCS Technical Documentation
Failures and Corrective Measures
Missing Internal Antenna or Whip Antenna
Figure 4: RH-17 D-cover assembly
Note that the whip antenna must be inserted prior to inserting the internal antenna.
If the internal antenna is missing, install one. If the radiator looks obviously damaged,
then replace the internal antenna.
If no antenna is installed, the antenna gain will be degraded by more than 25 dB.
If the whip antenna is missing, then remove the internal antenna, install a whip, and
reinstall the internal antenna.
Damaged RF Feed Pin or Ground Pin
Figure 5: Top and Bottom View of the RH-17 Internal Antenna
If either the RF feed pin or ground pin are broken, or bent such that either pin will not
touch the PWB, then the internal antenna must be replaced. If the springs for the RF or
ground pin appear damaged, then the internal antenna must be replaced. If the slot in
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RH-17
CCS Technical Documentation Troubleshooting -- Antennas
the radiator has a significantly different shape, then the correct internal antenna must
be installed. Be aware that the shape of the slot can vary slightly. The length of the hor-
izontal slot can vary by a few millimeters, because the antennas are tuned for each batch
of plastic frames. If there is any other obvious damage to the radiator (dents, corrosion),
then the antenna should be replaced. If the pin gets stuck or has excessive friction in the
plastic tube/guiding feature, then the spring will not work properly, and the antenna
should be replaced.
If the RF feed doesn't touch the PWB, then the antenna gain will degrade by more than
25 dB. If the ground pin doesn't touch the PWB, then the antenna gain may degrade
about 5 dB to 10 dB.
Wrong Internal Antenna Installed
Figure 6: Top and bottom view of RH-3 antenna
The RH-17 and RH-3 antennas share the same mechanical interface with the D-cover. As
a result, either antenna may be installed in either phone. The important differences visu-
ally in the antennas are that the slot pattern is very different, and there also is a GPS
antenna present in the RH-3 which is absent in the RH-17.
If the wrong antenna is installed, install the correct one.
Installing an RH-3 antenna in the RH-17 phone will change the antenna gain by a few
dB at 850 MHz, and the phone will not be compliant with FCC submission. Installing a
RH-17 antenna in a RH-3 phone will degrade the PCS performance by at least 6 dB, as
the RH-17 antenna is not tuned for PCS. In addition, if an RH-17 antenna is installed in
the RH-3, GPS will degrade by about 25 dB as the RH-17 doesn't have a GPS antenna.
Issue 1 04/2003 Nokia Corporation Confidential Page 7
RH-17
Troubleshooting -- Antennas CCS Technical Documentation
Obstructed RF Feed and Ground Pads for the Internal Antenna
Figure 7: PWB layout of RF feed and ground pads, and bottom antenna clip
If the RF feed pad is obstructed, removed, or covered, then the RF feed pin will not touch
the PWB and then the antenna gain will degrade by more than 25 dB. If the ground pad
is obstructed, removed, or covered, then the ground pin will not touch the PWB, and then
the antenna gain may degrade about 5 to 10 dB. If corrosion is present or the pad is
missing, then most likely the PWB and phone needs to be replaced. In either pad is
obstructed or covered, the pad should be cleared and/or cleaned.
Broken or Missing Antenna Clip
Figure 8: Bottom antenna clip
If the bottom antenna clip does not contact the whip stopper, when the whip is fully
retracted, then the internal antenna gain will degrade by about 4-5 dB in the RX portion
of CELL band. If the antenna clip is installed backwards, is damaged, or is missing, then
install a new bottom antenna clip in the correct position.
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CCS Technical Documentation Troubleshooting -- Antennas
Obstructed Whip Stopper
Figure 9: Whip stopper as shown when the whip is fully retracted
If the whip stopper is corroded or blocked by the whip straw, then the whip assembly
needs to be replaced. If the whip stopper is obstructed or dirty, then the obstruction
and/or dirt needs to be removed. If the whip stopper doesn't properly contact the bot-
tom antenna clip, then the internal antenna gain will degrade by about 4-5 dB in the RX
portion of CELL band.
Grounding of Display Frame
Figure 10: Display assembly
Note that the display frame is grounded to the PWB through the two ground clips. The
grounding of the display frame will impact the radiation performance of the phone. If
the clips are not touching the PWB, or are corroded, or obstructed, then the display
frame should be replaced.
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RH-17
Troubleshooting -- Antennas CCS Technical Documentation
The following figures show the contact between the display frame ground clips and the
PWB in greater detail.
Figure 11: Ground clip on the left side of the display frame
Figure 12: Ground clip on the right side of the display frame
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CCS Technical Documentation Troubleshooting -- Antennas
Figure 13: Contact between left ground clip of display frame and side plating of PWB.
Figure 14: Contact between right ground clip of display frame and side plating of PWB.
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RH-17
Troubleshooting -- Antennas CCS Technical Documentation
Misinstalled Whip
Figure 15: Locking feature for whip
The whip is locked into the D-cover when the internal antenna frame is installed. There
is feature in the plastic frame of the internal antenna that interlocks with the locking
feature of the whip. The whip plug has the locking feature, and also has a "key" that is
supposed to make it difficult to install the whip plug with the wrong rotation. If the
whip plug does get installed with the wrong rotation, then the whip will not be visible as
seen through the locking feature as shown in Figure 15. In this case, if the whip cannot
be removed, then the D-cover assembly will need to be replaced. Otherwise, simply
replace the whip.
Damaged Whips
Figure 16: Whip stand alone in retracted and extended positions
The above figure shows what the whip should look like when it is retracted and
extended. If the whip is damaged, simply use another.
Detuning Circuit for Bottom Antenna Clip
Figure 8 shows the bottom antenna clip. The detuning circuit is right next to the bottom
antenna clip. If the detuning circuit is not installed properly, then the internal antenna
gain will degrade by about 4-5 dB in the RX portion of CELL band. The detuning circuit
consists of a 1nH coil inductor. If the inductor is missing, then install one. If the induc-
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CCS Technical Documentation Troubleshooting -- Antennas
tor is installed upside down, then the pads are not soldered to the PWB and the inductor
needs to be flipped and soldered correctly.
RF Connector Failure
The RF connector could fail by not connecting the RF input to the RF output of the RF
connector. If this happens, then the antenna gain will degrade by about 25 dB. This can
be checked by testing for DC conductivity between the RF input and RF output of the RF
connector. Note the DC conductivity test must be done without any cable attached to
the RF connector. Since the RF connector is also a switch, the RF output will be discon-
nected from the RF input when a cable is inserted into the RF connector. When a cable
is inserted, the RF input is connected to the RF connector.
RF input - connector to duplexer, next to shunt inductor
RF output - connects to antenna pad through vias
RF connector - connects to coaxial cable
If the RF input is not connected properly to the RF output, then the RF connector must
be replaced.
Issue 1 04/2003 Nokia Corporation Confidential Page 13
RH-17
Troubleshooting -- Antennas CCS Technical Documentation
Page 14 Nokia Corporation Confidential Issue 1 04/2003