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Low-Power Narrowband FM Receiver
. . . includes dual FM conversion with oscillators, mixers, quadrature discriminator, and meter drive/carrier detect circuitry. The MC3362 also has buffered first and second local oscillator outputs and a comparator circuit for FSK detection. · Complete Dual Conversion Circuitry
MC3362
LOWPOWER DUAL CONVERSION FM RECEIVER
SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNICAL DATA
· · · · · · ·
Low Voltage: VCC = 2.0 to 6.0 Vdc Low Drain Current (3.6 mA (Typical) @ VCC = 3.0 Vdc) Excellent Sensitivity: Input Voltage 0.6 µVrms (Typical) for 12 dB SINAD Externally Adjustable Carrier Detect Function Low Number of External Parts Required Manufactured Using Motorolais MOSAICr Process Technology MC13135 is Preferred for New Designs
P SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 724
DW SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 751E (SO-24L)
Figure 1. Simplified Application in a PLL Frequency Synthesized Receiver
RF Input to 200 MHz
Figure 2. Pin Connections and Representative Block Diagram
1st Mixer Input 1 24 1st Mixer Input X 23 Varicap Control 22 1st LO Tank 21 1st LO Tank X 20 1st LO Output 19 1st Mixer Output 18 2nd Mixer Input 17 2nd Mixer Input 16 VEE 15 Comparator Output 14 Comparator Input X 13 Detector Output
Figure 2.
Input Match 0.01 VCC 120 pF 1 2 10.245 MHz 50 pF 3 4 Ceramic Filter 455 kHz 5 MC3362 6 7 0.1 0.1 10 k 0.1 8 9 200 k To Carrier Detect Indicator 10 11 12 39 K 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 0.001 13 8.2 k Recovered 0.01 Audio 10 k 0.1 Data VCC To PLL or Prescaler Ceramic Filter 10.7 MHz 1.0 + 0.01 0.41 µH From PLL Phase Detector
2nd LO Output 2 2nd LO Emitter 3 2nd LO Base 4 2nd Mixer Output 5 VCC 6 Limiter Input 7 Limiter 8 Decoupling Limiter 9 Decoupling Meter Drive 10 Carrier Detect 11 Quadrature Coil 12
ORDERING INFORMATION
Device MC3362DW MC3362P Operating Temperature Range TA = 40 to +85°C Package SO24L Plastic DIP
Lp = 680 µH Cp = 180 pF
İ Motorola, Inc. 1995
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
1
MC3362
MAXIMUM RATING (TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted)
Rating Power Supply Voltage (See Figure 2) Operating Supply Voltage Range (Recommended) Input Voltage (VCC Pin 6 6 1, 24 Symbol VCC(max) VCC V124 TJ TA Tstg Value 7.0 2.0 to 6.0 1.0 150 40 to + 85 65 to + 150 Unit Vdc Vdc Vrms °C °C °C
q 5.0 Vdc)
Junction Temperature Operating Ambient Temperature Range Storage Temperature Range
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VCC = 5.0 Vdc, fo = 49.7 MHz, Deviation = 3.0 kHz, TA = 25°C, Test Circuit of Figure 3,
unless otherwise noted) Characteristic Drain Current (Carrier Detect Low See Figure 5) Input for 3.0 dB Limiting Input for 12 dB SINAD (See Figure 9) Series Equivalent Input Impedence Recovered Audio (RF signal level = 10 mV) Noise Output (RF signal level = 0 mV) Carrier Detect Threshold (below VCC) Meter Drive Slope Input for 20 dB (S + N)/N (See Figure 7) First Mixer 3rd Order Intercept (Input) First Mixer Input Resistance (Rp) First Mixer Input Capacitance (Cp) Conversion Voltage Gain, First Mixer Conversion Voltage Gain, Second Mixer Dector Output Resistance 13 13 13 10 10 Pin 6 Min Typ 4.5 0.7 0.6 450j350 350 250 0.64 100 0.7 22 690 7.2 18 21 1.4 Max 7.0 2.0 k Units mA µVrms µVrms mVrms mVrms Vdc nA/dB µVrms dBm pF dB
RF Input 50 120 pF 10.245 MHz
Ferronics 12345K
Figure 3. Test Circuit
2:6 50 pF
1 2 3 4 5 MC3362
24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13
0.01 10.5 Turns Coilcraft UNI10/142 FL1: muRata CFU455D or Toko LFC4551 FL2: muRata SFE10.7MA or Toko SK107M3A010
33 pF
FL1 0.1 0.1 68 k 180 pF
6 7 8 9 10 11 12
FL2
0.1
VCC
Toko RMC2A6597HM
1.0 µF +
VEE
NOTE: See AN980 for Additional Design Information.
2
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
MC3362
Figure 5. Drain Current, Recovered Audio versus Supply
8.0 VCC A 10 MC3362 I CC (mA) 7.0 6.0 5.0 4.0 3.0 Recovered Audio 2.0 1.0 0 0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 VCC (V) 5.0 6.0 7.0 200 100 0 8.0 ICC, Carr. Det. Low (RF in = 10 mV) ICC, Carr. Det. High (RF in = 0 mV) 800 700 600 V13 (mVrms) 500 400 300
Figure 4. IMeter versus Input
12 11 10 9.0 I10 ( µ A) 8.0 7.0 6.0 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 RF INPUT (dBm)
Figure 6. Signal Levels
30 20 10 10 20 30 40 50 60 RF Input to Transformer 70 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 RF INPUT (dBm) First Mixer Input Second Mixer Output First Mixer Output Second Mixer Input S + N, N, AMR (dB) 0 POWER (dBm) 20 10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Figure 7. S + N, N, AMR versus Input
S+N
S + N 30% AM MC3362 13 10 k 0.01 10 k 0.01 N
80 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 RF INPUT (dBm)
50 40
30
Figure 8. 1st Mixer 3rd Order Intermodulation
20 10 0 10 30 40 50 60 70 80 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 RF INPUT (dBm) 20 10 0 0 40 Desired Products 3rd Order Intermod. Products V13 (Vdc) 20 dB 3.0 4.0
Figure 9. Detector Output versus Frequency
2.0
1.0
30
20 10 0 10 20 RELATIVE INPUT FREQUENCY (kHz)
30
40
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
3
MC3362
Figure 10. PC Board Test Circuit
(LC Oscillator Configuration Used in PLL Synthesized Receiver)
RF Input 49.67 MHz 50
18 p
1000 p 1 0.47 µ 2 3 120 p 50 p 4 21 20 VCC 6 7 0.1 8 17 16 15 10 k 10 k 11 12 + 14 0.001 13 8.2 k 0.01 19 CRF2 18 10.7 MHz Cer. Filt. 0.1 1 3.0 k First Local Oscillator Buffered Output CRF1 = muRata CFU 455X the X suffix denotes 6.0 dB bandwidth. Rin = Rout = 1.5 to 2.0 k. CRF2 = muRata SFA10.7 MF5 or SFE10.7 or equivalent. Rin = Rout = 330 . Crystal filters can be used but impedance matching will need to be added to ensure proper filter characteristics are realized. FSK Data Output (optional) Recovered Audio 24 0.01 23 0.01 22 33 p 0.41 µ Varactor Control (keep 0.7 V V23
p p VCC)
(This network must be tuned to exactly 10.7 MHz above or below the incoming RF signal. NOTE: The IF is rolled off above 10.7 MHz to reduce L.O. feedthrough.)
VCC = 2.0 to 7.0 Vdc
10.245, Fund. Mode 32 pF Load 455 kHz Cer. Filt. CRF1
5
to VCC
0.1 100 k
0.1 9 51 k 10
CD Adjust Carrier Detect
39 k
455 kHz LC Resonator
(MC3362)
Figure 10A. Crystal Oscillator Configuration for Single Channel Application
23 Crystal used is series mode resonant (no load capacity specified), 3rd overtone. This method has not proven adequate for fundamental mode, 5th or 7th overtone crystals. The inductor and capacitor will need to be changed for other frequency crystals. See AN980 for further information.
MC3362
22
20 k 0.68 µ 300 VCC
21
0.68 µ 38.97 MHz
20 k
4
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
MC3362
Figure 11. Component Placement View Showing Crystal Oscillator Circuit
Figure 11A. LC Oscillator Component View
.01
8
.01 .01
.01
50p
120p 10.245MHz XT .1 1. CF 455KHz .1 .1 51K 10K 68K
MC3362P
10.7 MHz CF
.1 10K
100K
L.O.OUT
.047
2
3
8.2 K
10K
3K
2 2
10K
1
.01
3
1
10.7MHz CF
33p
.68 µH 39 MHz XT
330
CONTROL
1Kp
.47 µH 18p
.68 µH
7
5
3
1
METER DRIVE
DATA
REC. AUDIO
NOTES: 1. Recovered Audio components may be deleted when using data output. 2. Carrier Detect components must be deleted in order to obtain linear Meter Drive output. With these components in place the Meter Drive outputs serve only to trip the Carrier Detect indicator. 3. Data Output components should be deleted in applications where only audio modulation is used. For combined audio/data applications, the 0.047 µF coupling capacitor will add distortion to the audio, so a pulldown resistor at pin 13 may be required. 4. Use Toko 7MC81282 Quadrature coil.
5. Meter Drive cannot be used simultaneously with Carrier Detect output. For analog meter drive, remove components labelled 2 and measure meter current (412 µA) through ammeter to VCC. 6. Either type of oscillator circuit may be used with any output circuit configuration. 7. LC Oscillator Coil: Coilcraft UNI 10/42 10.5 turns, 0.41 µH Crystal Oscillator circuit: trim coil, 0.68 µH. Coilcraft M1287A. 8. 0.47 H, Coilcraft M1286A. Input LC network used to match first mixer input impedance to 50 .
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION The MC3362 is a complete FM narrowband receiver from antenna input to audio preamp output. The low voltage dual conversion design yields low power drain, excellent sensitivity and good image rejection in narrowband voice and data link applications. In the typical application (Figure 1), the first mixer amplifies the signal and converts the RF input to 10.7 MHz. This IF signal is filtered externally and fed into the second mixer, which further amplifies the signal and converts it to a 455 kHz IF signal. After external bandpass filtering, the low IF is fed into the limiting amplifier and detection circuitry. The audio is recovered using a conventional quadrature detector. TwiceIF filtering is provided internally. The input signal level is monitored by meter drive circuitry which detects the amount of limiting in the limiting amplifier. The voltage at the meter drive pin determines the state of the carrier detect output, which is active low.
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION The first local oscillator can be run using a freerunning LC tank, as a VCO using PLL synthesis, or driven from an external crystal oscillator. It has been run to 190 MHz.* A buffered output is available at Pin 20. The second local oscillator is a common base Colpitts type which is typically run at 10.245 MHz under crystal control. A buffered output is available at Pin 2. Pins 2 and 3 are interchangeable. The mixers are doubly balanced to reduce spurious responses. The first and second mixers have conversion gains of 18 dB and 22 dB (typical), respectively, as seen in Figure 6. Mixer gain is stable with respect to supply voltage. For both conversions, the mixer impedances and pin layout are designed to allow the user to employ low cost, readily available ceramic filters. Overall sensitivity and AM rejection are shown in Figure 7. The input level for 20 dB (S + N)/N is 0.7 µV using the twopole postdetection filter pictured.
* If the first local oscillator (Pins 21 and/or 22) is driven from a strong external source (100 mVrms), the mixer can be used to over 450 MHz.
.2K
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
L.O.OUT
5
TOKO 55VLC06379GT
4
.047
3K
CONTROL
INPUT
.41 µH
Vcc CARRIER DETECT GND
MC3362
Following the first mixer, a 10.7 MHz ceramic bandpass filter is recommended. The 10.7 MHz filtered signal is then fed into one second mixer input pin, the other input pin being connected to VCC. Pin 6 (VCC) is treated as a common point for emitterdriven signals. The 455 kHz IF is typically filtered using a ceramic bandpass filter then fed into the limiter input pin. The limiter has 10 µV sensitivity for 3.0 dB limiting, flat to 1.0 MHz. The output of the limiter is internally connected to the quadrature detector, including a quadrature capacitor. A parallel LC tank is needed externally from Pin 12 to VCC. A 39 k shunt resistance is included which determines the peak separation of the quadrature detector; a smaller value will increase the spacing and linearity but decrease recovered audio and sensitivity. A data shaping circuit is available and can be coupled to the recovered audio output of Pin 13. The circuit is a comparator which is designed to detect zero crossings of FSK modulation. Data rates are typically limited to 1200 baud to ensure data integrity and avoid adjacent channel "splatter." Hysteresis is available by connecting a high valued resistor from Pin 15 to Pin 14. Values below 120 k are not recommended as the input signal cannot overcome the hysteresis. The meter drive circuitry detects input signal level by monitoring the limiting amplifier stages. Figure 4 shows the unloaded current at Pin 10 versus input power. The meter drive current can be used directly (RSSI) or can be used to trip the carrier detect circuit at a specified input power. To do this, pick an RF trip level in dBm. Read the corresponding current from Figure 4 and pick a resistor such that: R10 0.64 Vdc / I10 Hysteresis is available by connecting a high valued resistor RH between Pins 10 and 11. The formula is: Hysteresis = VCC/(RH x 10 7 ) dB
'
Figure 12. Circuit Side View
MC3362P
4I
REC. AUDIO
DATA
METER DRIVE
4I
6
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
GND
CARRIER DETECT
VCC
INPUT
CONTROL L.O. OUT
Figure 13. Representative Schematic Diagram
23 400 1.4 k 5 17 18
1.0 k 6 VCC 100 20 1 2 24 3 4
1.0 k
400
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
10 12 11 bias 13 bias 14 bias 16 VEE 15
21
bias
bias
MC3362
7 2.0 k 8 9
7
MC3362
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
P SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 72403 ISSUE D
13
A
24 1
B
12
NOTES: 1. CHAMFERED CONTOUR OPTIONAL. 2. DIMENSION L TO CENTER OF LEADS WHEN FORMED PARALLEL. 3. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 4. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH. DIM A B C D E F G J K L M N INCHES MIN MAX 1.230 1.265 0.250 0.270 0.145 0.175 0.015 0.020 0.050 BSC 0.040 0.060 0.100 BSC 0.007 0.012 0.110 0.140 0.300 BSC 0_ 15_ 0.020 0.040 MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 31.25 32.13 6.35 6.85 3.69 4.44 0.38 0.51 1.27 BSC 1.02 1.52 2.54 BSC 0.18 0.30 2.80 3.55 7.62 BSC 0_ 15_ 0.51 1.01
C T
SEATING PLANE
L
K E G F D
24 PL
NOTE 1
N J
24 PL
M
0.25 (0.010)
M
M
T B
M
0.25 (0.010)
T A
M
A
24 13
DW SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 751E04 (SO-24L) ISSUE E
B
12X
P 0.010 (0.25)
M
B
M
1
12
NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETER. 3. DIMENSIONS A AND B DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD PROTRUSION. 4. MAXIMUM MOLD PROTRUSION 0.15 (0.006) PER SIDE. 5. DIMENSION D DOES NOT INCLUDE DAMBAR PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE DAMBAR PROTRUSION SHALL BE 0.13 (0.005) TOTAL IN EXCESS OF D DIMENSION AT MAXIMUM MATERIAL CONDITION. MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 15.25 15.54 7.40 7.60 2.35 2.65 0.35 0.49 0.41 0.90 1.27 BSC 0.23 0.32 0.13 0.29 0_ 8_ 10.05 10.55 0.25 0.75 INCHES MIN MAX 0.601 0.612 0.292 0.299 0.093 0.104 0.014 0.019 0.016 0.035 0.050 BSC 0.009 0.013 0.005 0.011 0_ 8_ 0.395 0.415 0.010 0.029
24X
D 0.010 (0.25)
M
J T A
S
B
S
F R C T
SEATING PLANE X 45 _
M
22X
DIM A B C D F G J K M P R
G
K
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8
MC3362/D MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
*MC3362/D*