VESTEL 11AK36 CHASSIS TV SM ONLY.pdf part of 25PT4475 AK36 ALL Circuit.part01.rar, S.M. text manual preview

Text preview for : VESTEL 11AK36 CHASSIS TV SM ONLY.pdf part of 25PT4475 S.M.

Back to : AK36 ALL Circuit.part01.r | Home

CONTENTS
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS ............................................................................................................................... 2 PERI-TV SOCKET ......................................................................................................................................... 2 1 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................................... 2 2 SMALL SIGNAL PART WITH STV2248: .................................................................................................. 3 2.1 Vision IF Amplifier3 .......................................................................................................................... 3 2.2 QSS Sound Circuit (QSS Versions) ................................................................................................. 3 2.3 AM Demodulator .............................................................................................................................. 3 2.4 FM Demodulator and Audio Amplifier (Mono Versions): .................................................................... 3 2.5 Video Switching ............................................................................................................................... 3 2.6 Synchronization Circuit .................................................................................................................... 3 2.7 Chroma and Luminance Processing: ................................................................................................ 4 2.8 RGB output circuýt ........................................................................................................................... 4 2.9 µ-Controller ...................................................................................................................................... 4 3 TUNER ................................................................................................................................................... 5 4 SOUND OUTPUT STAGE TDA2822 ........................................................................................................ 5 5 VERTICAL OUTPUT STAGE WITH TDA8174A ........................................................................................ 5 6 POWER SUPPLY (SMPS) ..................................................................................................................... 5 7 DISCRETE VIDEO AMPLIFIER ............................................................................................................... 5 8 SERIAL ACCESS CMOS 8K EEPROM 24C08 ....................................................................................... 6 9 SAW FILTERS ........................................................................................................................................ 6 10 IC DESCRIPTIONS AND INTERNAL BLOCK DIAGRAM ...................................................................... 6 10.1 ST92195 ....................................................................................................................................... 6-7 10.2 STV224X Video processor: .............................................................................................................. 7 10.3 UV1315, UV1316, UV1336 ............................................................................................................ 8-9 10.4 TDA2822 .......................................................................................................................................... 9 10.5 TDA8174AW .................................................................................................................................... 9 10.6 UC3842/3 ....................................................................................................................................... 10 10.7 E²Eprom 24CO8 ............................................................................................................................ 10 Saw filters list ................................................................................................................................ 11 11 GENERAL BLOCK DIAGRAM ........................................................................................................... 12 12 AK36 TITANIUM TELETEXT - Language Groups ................................................................................ 13 13 AK36 CHASSIS MANUAL ADLUSTMENT PROCEDURE .................................................................. 14 14 SERVÝCE ADJUSTMENTS ............................................................................................................ 15-16 15 OPTION LIST..................................................................................................................................... 17 15.1 OP1 Peripheral Options .............................................................................................................. 17 15.2 OP2 Reception Standard Options ............................................................................................... 17 15.3 OP3 Video Options ..................................................................................................................... 17 15.4 OP4 TV Features ........................................................................................................................ 18 15.5 OP5 Channel Tables ................................................................................................................... 18 15.6 TX1 Teletext Options ................................................................................................................... 18 16. TUNER SETTING .............................................................................................................................. 19 17 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM of VIDEO PRECESSOR ..................................................................................... 20 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM of SMPS ............................................................................................................ 21 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM of MICRO CONTROLLER ................................................................................... 22 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM of VIDEO ............................................................................................................ 23 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM of DEFLECTION ................................................................................................. 24 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM of CRT ................................................................................................................ 25 18 WAVEFORMS ...................................................................................................................................... 20

1

DO NOT CHANGE ANY MODULE UNLESS THE SET IS SWITCHED OFF The mains supply part of the switch mode power supplys transformer is live. Use an isolating transformer. The receiver complies with the safety requirements. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS The service of this TV set must be carried out by qualified persons only. Components marked with the warning symbol on the circuit diagram are critical for safety and must only be replaced with an identical component. - Power resistor and fused resistors must be mounted in an identical manner to the original component. - When servicing this TV, check that the EHT does not exceed 26kV. TV set switched off: Make short-circuit between HV-CRT clip and CRT ground layer. Short C808 before changing IC841 or other components in primary side of the SMPS part. Measurements: Voltage readings and oscilloscope traces are measured under the following conditions: Antenna signals level is 60dB at the color bar pattern from the TV pattern generator. (100% white, 75% color saturation) Brightness, contrast, and color are adjusted for normal picture performance. Mains supply, 220VAC, 50Hz.

PERI-TV SOCKET

SCART 1 PINING 1 Audio right output 2 Audio right input 3 Audio left output 4 Ground AF 5 Ground Blue 6 Audio left input 7 Blue input 8 AV switching input 9 Ground Green 10 11 Green input 12 13 Ground Red 14 Ground Blanking 15 Red input 16 Blanking input 17 Ground CVBS output 18 Ground CVBS input 19 CVBS output 20 CVBS input 21 Ground 0.5Vrms / 1K 0.5Vrms / 10K 0.5Vrms / 1K 0.5Vrms / 10K 0.7Vpp / 75ohm 0-12VDC /10K 0.7Vpp / 75ohm

0.7Vpp / 75ohm 0-0.4VDC, 1-3VDC / 75 Ohm 1Vpp / 75ohm 1Vpp / 75ohm

1 INTRODUCTION 11AK36 is a 90° chassis capable of driving 14 tubes at the appropriate currents. The chassis is capable of operating in PAL, SECAM and NTSC standards. The sound system is capable of giving 3 watts RMS output into a load of 16 ohms. One page and US Closed Caption is also provided. The chassis is equipped with a 21 pin Eu-Scart connector.

2

2 SMALL SIGNAL PART WITH STV2248:

STV2248 video processor is essential for realizing all small signal functions for a color TV receiver.

2.1 Vision IF Amplifier3 The vision IF amplifier can demodulate signals with positive and negative modulation. The PLL demodulator is completely alignment-free. Although the VCO (Toko-coil) of the PLL circuit is external, yet the frequency is fixed to the required value by the original manufacturer thus the Toko-coil does not need to be adjusted manually. The setting of the various frequencies (38.9 or 45.75 MHz) can be made via changing the coil itself. 2.2 QSS Sound Circuit (QSS Versions) The sound IF amplifier is similar to the vision IF amplifier and has an external AGC de-coupling capacitor. The single reference QSS mixer is realised by a multiplier. In this multiplier the SIF signal is converted to the inter-carrier frequency by mixing it with the regenerated picture carrier from the VCO. The mixer output signal is supplied to the output via a high-pass filter for attenuation of the residual video signals. With this system a high performance hi-fi stereo sound processing can be achieved. The AM sound demodulator is realised by a multiplier. The modulated sound IF signal is multiplied in phase with the limited SIF signal. The demodulator output signal is supplied to the output via a low-pass filter for attenuation of the carrier harmonics. The AM signal is supplied to the output via the volume control. 2.3. AM DEMODULATOR The AM demodulated signal results from multiplying the input signal by itself, it is available on AM/FM output. 2.4 FM Demodulator and Audio Amplifier (Mono Versions): The FM demodulator is realized as narrow-band PLL with external loop filter, which provides the necessary selectivity without using an external band-pass filter. To obtain a good selectivity a linear phase detector and constant input signal amplitude are required. For this reason the inter-carrier signal is internally supplied to the demodulator via a gain controlled amplifier and AGC circuit. The nominal frequency of the demodulator is tuned to the required frequency (4.5/ 5.5/6.0/6.5 MHz) by means of a calibration circuit that uses the clock frequency of the µ-controller/Teletext decoder as a reference. The setting to the wanted frequency is realized by means of the software. It can be read whether the PLL frequency is inside or outside the window and whether the PLL is in lock or not. With this information it is possible to make an automatic search system for the incoming sound frequency. This is realized by means of a software loop that alternate the demodulator to various frequencies, then select the frequency on which a lock condition has been found. De-emphasis output signal amplitude is independent of the TV standard and has the same value for a frequency deviation of ±25 kHz at the 4.5 MHz standard and for a deviation of ±50 kHz for the other standards. When the IF circuit is switched to positive modulation the internal signal on de-emphasis pin is automatically muted. The audio control circuit contains an audio switch and volume control. In the mono inter-carrier sound versions the Automatic Volume Leveling (AVL) function can be activated. The pin to which the external capacitor has to be connected depends on the IC version. For the 90° types the capacitor is connected to the EW output pin (pin 20). When the AVL is active it automatically stabilizes the audio output signal to a certain level. 2.5 Video Switching The video processor (STV2248C) has three CVBS inputs and two RGB inputs. The first CVBS input is used for external CVBS from SCART 1, the second is used for either CVBS from FAV, and the third one is used for internal video. The selection between both external video inputs signals is realized by means of software switches.

2.6 Synchronization Circuit

The video processor (STV224X) performs the horizontal and vertical processing. The external horizontal deflection circuit is controlled via the Horizontal output pulse (HOUT). The vertical scanning is performed through an external ramp generator and a vertical power amplifier IC controlled by the Vertical output pulse (VOUT). The main components of the deflection circuit are: PLL1: the first phase locked loop that locks the internal line frequency reference on the CVBS input signal. It is composed of an integrated VCO (12 MHz) that requires the chroma Reference frequency (4.43MHz or 3.58MHz crystal oscillator reference signal), a divider by 768, a line decoder, and a phase comparator. PLL2: The second phase locked loop that controls the phase of the horizontal output (Compensation of horizontal deflection transistor storage time variation). Also the horizontal position adjustment is also performed in PLL2. A vertical pulse extractor. A vertical countdown system to generate all vertical windows (vertical synchronization window, frame blanking pulses, 50/ 60Hz identification window...). Automatic identification of 50/60Hz scanning. PLL1 time constant control. Noise detector, video identification circuits, and horizontal coincidence detector. Vertical output stage including de-interlace function, vertical position control. Vertical amplitude control voltage output (combined with chroma reference output and Xtal 1 indication).
3

2.7 Chroma and Luminance Processing: The chroma decoder is able to demodulate PAL, NTSC and SECAM signals. The decoder dedicated to PAL and NTSC sub-carrier is based on a synchronous demodulator, and an Xtal PLL locked on the phase reference signal (burst). The SECAM demodulation is based on a PLL with automatic calibration loop. The color standard identification is based on the burst recognition. Automatic and forced modes can be selected through the I2C bus. NTSC tint, and auto flesh are controlled through I2C bus. Xtal PLL can handle up to 3 crystals to work in PAL M, PAL N and NTSC M for South America. ACC an ACC overload control the chroma sub-carrier amplitude within 26dB range. Both ACC s are based on digital systems and do not need external capacitor. All chroma filters are fully integrated and tuned via a PLL locked on Xtal VCO signal. A second PLL is used for accurate fine-tuning of the SECAM bell filter. This tuning is achieved during the frame blanking. An external capacitor memorizes the bell filter tuning voltage. A base-band chroma delay-line rebuilds the missing color line in SECAM and removes transmission phase errors in PAL. The base-band chroma delay line is clocked with 6MHz signal provided by the horizontal scanning VCO. The luminance processor is composed of a chroma trap filter, a luminance delay line, a peaking function with noise coring feature, a black stretch circuit. Trap filter and luminance delay lines are achieved with the use of bi-quad integrated filters, auto-aligned via a master filter phase locked loop. 2.8 RGB output circuit: The video processor performs the R, G, B processing. There are three sources: 1. Y,U,V inputs (coming from luma part (Y output), and chroma decoder outputs (R-Y, B-Y outputs). 2. External R,G,B inputs from SCART (converted internally in Y,U,V), with also the possibility to input YUV signals from a DVD player, (YUV specification is Y=0.7 V PP , U= 0.7 V PP , V = 0.7V PP for 100% color bar). 3. Internal R,G,B inputs (for OSD and Teletext display) The main functions of the video part are: - Y,U,V inputs with integrated clamp loop, allowing a DC link with YUV outputs, - External RGB inputs (RGB to YUV conversion), or direct YUV inputs, - Y,U,V switches, - Contrast, saturation, brightness controls, - YUV to RGB matrix, - OSD RGB input stages (with contrast control), - RGB switches, - APR function, - DC adjustment of red and green channels, - Drive adjustments (R, G, B gain), - Digital automatic cut-off loop control, - Manual cut-off capability with I2C adjustments, - Half tone, oversize blanking, external insertion detection, blue screen, - Blanking control and RGB output stages. 2.9 µ-Controller The ST92195 is the micro-controller, which is required for a color TV receiver. ST92195D1 is the version with one page Teletext . The IC has the supply voltages of 5 V and they are mounted in PSDIP package with 56 pins. µ-Controller has the following features Display of the program number, channel number, TV Standard, analogue values, sleep timer, parental control and mute is done by OSD Single LED for standby and on mode indication System configuration with service mode 3 level logic output for SECAM and Tuner band switching

4

3 TUNER
Either a PLL or a VST tuner is used as a tuner. UV1316 (VHF/UHF) is used as a PLL tuner. For only PALM/N, NTSC M applications UV 1336 is used as the PLL tuner. UV 1315 (VHF/UHF) is used as a VST Tuner. Channel coverage of UV1316:

%$1'

PAA6DSÃ8C6II@GT 8C6II@GT AS@RV@I8` S6IB@ÃHC

867G@Ã8C6II@GT 8C6II@GT AS@RV@I8` S6IB@ÃHC

GÃ7hqÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ@!ÃÃ8ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ#'!$ÃÃ'!!$Ã ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃT ÃÃT'ÃÃÃÃÃÃ%(!$ÃÃ $#!$ HvqÃ7hqÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ@$ÃÃ@ !ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ &$!$ÃÃ!!#!$ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃT(ÃÃT"'ÃÃÃÃÃ % !$ÃÃ#"(!$ CvtuÃ7hqÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ@! ÃÃ@%(ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ#& !$ÃÃ'$$!$Ã!ÃÃÃÃT"(ÃÃT# ÃÃÃÃÃ##&!$ÃÃ#%"!$

(1). Enough margin is available to tune down to 45.25 MHz. (2). Enough margin is available to tune up to 863.25 MHz. Noise Low band Mid band High band Typical : 5dB : 5dB : 6dB Max. 9dB 9dB 9dB Gain All channels Gain Taper (of-air channels) Min. Typical Max. : 38dB 44dB 52dB : 8dB

Channel Coverage UV1336:

%$1'

8C6II@GT

AS@RV@I8` S6IB@ÃHC

GÃ7hqÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ!ÃÃ9ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ$$!$ÃÃ "(!$ HvqÃ7hqÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ@ÃÃÃQQÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ #$!$ÃÃ"( !$

CvtuÃ7hqÃÃÃÃÃÃRRRÃÃ%(ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ"(&!$ÃÃ' !$

Noise is typically 6dB for all channels. Gain is minimum 38dB and maximum 50dB for all channels. Channel Coverage of UV1315:

%$1'

PAA6DSÃ8C6II@GT 8C6II@GT AS@RV@I8` S6IB@ÃHC

867G@Ã8C6II@GT 8C6II@GT AS@RV@I8` S6IB@ÃHC

GÃ7hqÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ@!ÃÃ8ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ#'!$ÃÃ'!!$Ã ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃT ÃÃT'ÃÃÃÃÃÃ%(!$ÃÃ %'!$ HvqÃ7hqÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ@$ÃÃ@ !ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ &$!$ÃÃ!!#!$ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃT ÃÃT"(ÃÃÃÃÃ!" !$ÃÃ##&!$

CvtuÃ7hqÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ@! ÃÃ@%(ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ#& !$ÃÃ'$$!$Ã!ÃÃÃÃT#ÃÃT# ÃÃÃÃÃ#$$!$ÃÃ#%"!$

(1). Enough margin is available to tune down to 45.25 MHz. (2). Enough margin is available to tune up to 863.25 MHz. Noise Low band Mid band High band Typ. 6dB 6dB 6dB Max. 9dB 10dB 11dB Gain All Channels Gain Taper (off-air channels) Min. 38dB Typ. 44dB Max. 50dB 8dB

4 SOUND OUTPUT STAGE TDA2822

TDA2822 is used as the AF output amplifier. It is supplied by +12VDC coming from a separate winding in the SMPS transformer. An output power of 3W (THD=10%) can be delivered into an 16 ohm load.

5 VERTICAL OUTPUT STAGE WITH TDA8174A 6 POWER SUPPLY (SMPS)

The TDA8174A is a power amplifier circuit for use in 90° and 110° colour deflection systems for 25 to 200 Hz field frequencies, and for 4 : 3 and 16 : 9 picture tubes. The DC voltages required at various parts of the chassis are provided by an SMPS transformer controlled by the IC UC3842/ 3 which is designed for driving, controlling and protecting switching transistor of SMPS. The transformer produces 115V for FBT input, ±12V for audio output IC, S+5V and 8V for ST92195.

7 DISCRETE VIDEO AMPLIFIER

Three high voltage, high frequency transistor is used for RGB amplifier. This application works on fixed AC and DC gains.
5

8 SERIAL ACCESS CMOS 8K EEPROM 24C08

The 24C08 is a 8Kbit electrically erasable programmable memory (EEPROM), organized as 4 blocks of 256*08 bits. The memory is compatible with the I²C standard, two wire serial interface which uses a bi-directional data bus and serial clock.

9 SAW FILTERS
Saw filter type : G1975M : K2966M : J1981 : K2966M : K2962M : L9653 : M1962M :

Model: PAL B/G MONO PAL SECAM B/G/D/K/I MONO PAL-I MONO PAL-SECAM B/G/D/K/I/I MONO PAL-SECAM B/G/D/K/I/L/L MONO Secam L/L audio PAL M/N NTSC M MONO

IC DESCRIPTIONS AND INTERNAL BLOCK DIAGRAM · ST92195 · STV224X · TUNER (UV1315, UV1316, UV1336) · TDA2822 · TDA8174A · UC3842/3 · 24C08 · SAW FILTERS G1975M, K2966M, K2962M, M1962M

10.1 ST92195
The ST92195 is a member of the ST9+ family of micro-controllers, completely developed and produced by SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics using a proprietary n-well HCMOS process. The nucleus of the ST92195 is the advanced Core, which includes the Central Processing Unit (CPU), the ALU, the Register File and the interrupt controller. The Core has independent memory and register buses to add to the efficiency of the code. A set of on-chip peripherals form a complete sys-tem for TV set and VCR applications: · Voltage Synthesis · VPS/WSS Slicer · Teletext Slicer · Teletext Display RAM · OSD Additional peripherals include a watchdog timer, a serial peripheral interface (SPI), a 16-bit timer and an A/D converter.

6

8PIUSPGG@SÃW@STøPIÃU67G@

)($785(
IPÃUYUÃHPIP IPÃUYUÃHPIP ÃQÃHPIP ÃQÃHPIPÃÃTUS &ÃQÃHPIPTUSXTT ÃQÃHPIPTUS6QTXTT

'(6&5,37,21
D8ÃTU(! D8ÃTU(! D8ÃTU(! D8ÃTU(! D8ÃTU(! D8ÃTU(! ($8Ã#'FÃTX6 '$7ÃTX7 ($8Ã#'FÃTX9 ($8Ã#'FÃTX@ ($8Ã%#FÃTXA ($8Ã%#FÃTXB

10.2 STV224X Video processor:
The STV2246/2247/2248 are fully bus controlled ICs for TV including PIF, SIF, luma, Chroma and deflection processing. Used with a vertical frame booster (TDA1771 or TDA8174 for 90° chassis, STV9306 for 110° chassis), they allow the design of multi-standard (BGDKIMNLL, PAL/ SECAM/NTSC) sets with very few external components and no manual adjustments.

WD9@PÃQSP8@TTPSÃD8ÃU 67G@
WD9@PÃD8
TUWÃ!!#% TUWÃ!!#& TUWÃ!!#'

0212 67(5(2 3$/
PF PF PF PF PF PF PF

6(&$0 176&
PF PF PF PF

7

10.3 UV1315, UV1316, UV1336

General description of UV1315: The UV1315 tuner belongs to the UV 1300 family of tuners, which are designed to meet a wide range of applications. It is a combined VHF, UHF tuner suitable for CCIR systems B/G, H, L, L, I and I. Features of UV1315: · Member of the UV1300 family small sized UHF/VHF tuners · Systems CCIR:B/G, H, L, L, I and I; OIRT:D/K · Voltage synthesized tuning (VST) · Off-air channels, S-cable channels and Hyper-band · Standardized mechanical dimensions and pinning PINNING 1. Gain control voltage (AGC) 2. Tuning voltage 3. High band switch 4. Mid band switch 5. Low band switch 6. Supply voltage 7. Not connected 8. Not connected 9. Not connected 10.Symmetrical IF output 1 11. Symmetrical IF output 2 Band switching table: PIN VALUE : 4.0V, Max:4.5V : : : : 5V, Min:4.75V, Max:5.5V 5V, Min:4.75V, Max:5.5V 5V, Min:4.75V, Max:5.5V 5V, Min:4.75V, Max:5.5V

%$1'

QDIÃ"

QDIÃ"

QDIÃ"

GÃ7hqÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃWÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃWÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ$W HvqÃ7hqÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃWÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ$WÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃW CvtuÃ7hqÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ$WÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃWÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃW

General description of UV1316:
The UV1316 tuner belongs to the UV 1300 family of tuners, which are designed to meet a wide range of applications. It is a combined VHF, UHF tuner suitable for CCIR systems B/G, H, L, L, I and I.

Features of UV1316:
· · · · · ·

Member of the UV1300 family small sized UHF/VHF tuners Systems CCIR: B/G, H, L, L, I and I; OIRT: D/K Digitally controlled (PLL) tuning via I²C-bus Off-air channels, S-cable channels and Hyper-band World standardized mechanical dimensions and world standard pinning Complies to CENELEC EN55020 and EN55013 PIN VALUE : 4.0V, Max:4.5V : Max:5.5V : Min:-0.3V, Max:5.5V : Min:-0.3V, Max:5.5V : 5.0V, Min:4.75V, Max:5.5V : 33V, Min:30V, Max:35V

PINNING 1. Gain control voltage (AGC) 2. Tuning voltage 3. I²C-bus address select 4. I²C-bus serial clock 5. I²C-bus serial data 6. Not connected 7. PLL supply voltage 8. ADC input 9. Tuner supply voltage 10. Symmetrical IF output 1 11. Symmetrical IF output 2

8

General description of UV1336:

UV1336 series is developed for reception of channels broadcast in accordance with the M, N standard. Features of UV1336: · Global standard pinning · Integrated Mixer-Oscillator & PLL function · Conforms to CISPR 13, FCC and DOC (Canada) regulations · Low power consumption · Both Phono connector and F connector are available PINNING 1. Gain control voltage 2. Tuning voltage 3. Address select 4. Serial cloc 5. Serial data 6. Not connected 7. Supply voltage 8. ADC input (optional) 9. Tuning supply voltage 10. Ground 11. IF output : : : : : PIN VALUE 4.0V, Max:4.5V Max :5.5V Min :-0.3V, Max:5.5V Min :-0.3V, Max:5.5V 5.0V, Min:4.75V, Max:5.5V 33V, Min:30V, Max:35V

10.4 TDA2822

General Description of TDA2822 The TDA2822 is a mono bridge amplifier specially designed for TV and Portable Radio applications. Requires very few external components WIDE SUPPLY VOLTAGE RANGE (3-15V) MINIMUM EXTERNAL COMPONENTS NO SVR CAPACITOR NO BOOTSTRAP NO BOUCHEROT CELLS SHORT CIRCUIT PROTECTION THERMAL OVERLOAD PROTECTION PINNING 1. Output 1 2. Vcc 3. Output 2 4. Gnd 5. Input 2 (-) 6. Input 2 (+) 7. Input 1 (+) 8. Input 1 (-)

10.5 TDA8174AW

INDEPENDENT VERTICAL AMPLITUDE ADJUSTEMENT. BUFFER STAGE. POWER AMPLIFIER FLYBACKGENERATOR. THERMALPROTECTION .INTERNAL REFERENCE VOLTAGE DECOU-PLING General Description: TDA8174Aand TDA8174AWare a monolithic integrated circuits. It is a full performance and very efficient vertical deflection circuit intended for direct drive of a TV picture tube in Color and B & W television as well as in Monitor and Data displays. PINNING 1. POWER OUTPUT 2. OUTPUT STAGE Vs 3. TRIGGER INPUT 4. HEIGHT ADJUSTMENT 5. VOLTAGE REF DECOUPLING 6. GROUND 7. RAMP GENERATOR 8. BUFFER OUTPUT 9. INVERTING INPUT 10. Vs 11. FLYBACK GENERATOR

9

10.6 UC3842/3
General description: DESCRIPTION TheUC3842/3/4/5family of control ICs provides the necessary features to implement off-line or DC to DC fixed frequency current mode control schemes With a minimal external parts count. Internally implemented circuits include under voltage lockout featuring start-up current less than 1 mA, a precision reference trimmed for accuracy at the error amp input, logic to insure latched operation, a PWM comparator which also provides current limit control, and a totem pole output stage designed to source or sink high peak current. The output stage, suitable for driving N-Channel MOSFETs, is low in the offstate. Differences between members of this family are the under-voltage lockout thresholds and maximum duty cycle ranges. The UC3842 and UC3844 have UVLO thresholds of 16V (on) and 10V (off), ideally suited off-line applications The corresponding thresholds for the UC3843 and UC3845 are 8.5 V and 7.9 V. The UC3842 and UC3843 can operate to duty cycles approaching 100%. A range of the zero to < 50 % is obtained by the UC3844 and UC3845by the addition of an internal toggle flip flop which blanks the output off every other clock cycle. General Features OPTIMIZED FOR OFF-LINE AND DC TO DC CONVERTERS LOWSTART-UP CURRENT (< 1 mA) AUTOMATIC FEED FORWARD COMPENSA-TION PULSE-BY-PULSECURRENT LIMITING ENHANCED LOAD RESPONSE CHARAC-TERISTICS UNDER-VOLTAGELOCKOUTWITHHYSTER-ESIS DOUBLE PULSE SUPPRESSION HIGH CURRENT TOTEMPOLE OUTPUT INTERNALLY TRIMMED BANDGAP REFER-ENCE 500 KHz OPERATION LOWRO ERRORAMP PINNING 1. Comp 2. Vfb 3. I Sense 4. Rt/Ct 5. Ground 6. Output 7. Vcc 8. Vref PIN VALUE Compensation input Error amplifier input (Regulation) Over current protection voltage 1V typ. Timing network MOSFET driver Supply voltage +5V Reference output

10.7 E²Eprom 24CO8
General description: The 24C08 is a 8Kbit electrically erasable programmable memory (EEPROM), organized as 4 blocks of 256 * 08 bits. The memory operates with a power supply value as low as 2.5V. Features: Minimum 1 million ERASE/WRITE cycles with over 10 years data retention Single supply voltage:4.5 to 5.5V Two wire serial interface, fully I²C-bus compatible Byte and Multi-byte write (up to 8 bytes) Page write (up to 16 bytes) Byte, random and sequential read modes Self timed programming cycle PINNING PIN VALUE 1. Write protect enable : 0V 2. Not connected : 0V 3. Chip enable input : 0V 4. Ground : 0V 5. Serial data address input/output : Input LOW voltage : Min : -0.3V, Max : 0.3*Vcc : Input HIGH voltage : Min : 0.7*Vcc, Max : Vcc+1 6. Serial clock : Input LOW voltage : Min : -0.3V, Max : 0.3*Vcc : Input HIGH voltage : Min : 0.7*Vcc, Max : Vcc+1 7. Multibyte/Page write mode : Input LOW voltage : Min : -0.3V, Max : 0.5V : Input HIGH voltage : Min : Vcc-0.5, Max : Vcc+1 8. Supply voltage : Min :2.5V, Max : 5.5V
10

Saw filters list:
K2962/K2966

9,'(2

$8',2

2 1 2 0

Q6GÃ7B QTÃ7BÃ9F Q6GÃDÃD QTÃ7BÃ9FÃFÃDÃD QTÃ7BÃ9FÃFÃGÃG

B

(&$H

F!(%%H E ('

F!(%%H F!(%!HÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃG(%$"

PINNING 1. Input 2. Input-ground 3. Chip carrier-ground 4. Output 5. Output

L9653M
PINNING 1. Input 2. Switching Input 3. Chip carrier-ground 4. Output 5. Output

11

U 7 A

G 6 A U I @ 9 W ' P D a S ' D S 9 V 7 P C

! ! ' ! 6 9 U 6 Ã r r p v 9

3 8 0 $ $

% 3 * 0 5 $

5 3 ( 0 9 $

X 6 # & ' 6 9 U

2 1 2 0

& 9 7 6

5 2 26 (6 '( , & 92 5 3
) ,

T U D

P @ 9 D W

V 8 S D

W 6 A

8 Ã B I D C 8 U D U S 6 8 T

X T

7 6
S @ I V U Ã % " Ã Ã U $ T " W

5 ( / 2/ 52 &5 , 7 01 2 &

9 V 6 Ã W $ W !

W !

G W G V Q

H W I

9 6 Q ` @ F

S P T I @ T Ã S D

T Q H T

8 V

" ! # ' "

8 D Ã

12

AK36/TITANIUM TELETEXT Languages Groups
GROUP 1 - WEST ENGLISH FRENCH SWEDISH CZECH GERMAN PORTUGUESE ITALIAN RUMANIAN GROUP 2 WEST / EAST POLISH FRENCH SWEDISH CZECH GERMAN SERBIAN ITALIAN RUMANIAN GROUP 3 WEST / TURKEY ENGLISH FRENCH SWEDISH TURKISH GERMAN PORTUGUESE ITALIAN RUMANIAN GROUP 4 EAST / CYRILLIC ENGLISH CYRILLIC SWEDISH CZECH GERMAN SERBIAN LETTISH RUMANIAN GROUP 5 - ARABIC ENGLISH FRENCH SWEDISH TURKISH GERMAN HEBREW ITALIAN ARABIC Using Coloured Buttons RED : No function. GREEN : Is used to switch the aspect ratio between 4:3 and 16:9. YELLOW : Is used to prepare the system for screen-adjustments. BLUE : No function.

13

AK36 CHASSIS MANUAL ADJUSTMENT PROCEDURE
In order to enter service menu, first enter the main menu and then press the digits 4, 7, 2 and 5 respectively. To select adjust parameters, use or buttons. To change the selected parameter, use or buttons. Selected parameter will be highlighted. Entire service menu parameters of AK36 CHASSIS are listed below. For some of parameters the default values are given on the same table.
REGISTER
OSD IF1 IF2 IF3 IF4 AGC VLIN VS1A VS1B VP1 HP1 VS2A VS2B VP2 HP2 RGBH WR WG WB BR BG APR FMP1 NIP1 SCP1 FMP2 NIP2 SCP2 F1H F1L F2H F2L BS1 BS2 BS3 CB OP1 OP2 OP3 OP4 OP5 TX1

PARAMETER
OSD Horizontal Position IF Coarse Adjust IF Fine Adjust IF Coarse Adjust for L-Prime IF Fine Adjust for L-Prime Automatic Gain Control Vertical Linearity Vertical Size for 50 Hz / 4:3 Vertical Size for 50 Hz / 16:9 Vertical Position for 50 Hz Horizontal Position for 50 Hz Vertical Size for 60 Hz / 4:3 Vertical Size for 60 Hz / 16:9 Vertical Position for 60 Hz Horizontal Position for 60 Hz RGB Horizontal Shift Offset White Point Adjust for RED White Point Adjust for GREEN White Point Adjust for BLUE Bias for RED Bias for GREEN APR Threshold FM Prescaler when AVL is OFF NICAM Prescaler when AVL is OFF SCART Prescaler when AVL is OFF FM Prescaler when AVL is ON NICAM Prescaler when AVL is ON SCART Prescaler when AVL is ON High Byte of crossover frequency for VHF1-VHF3 Low Byte of crossover frequency for VHF1-VHF3 High Byte of crossover frequency for VHF3-UHF Low Byte of crossover frequency for VHF3-UHF Band Switch Byte for VHF1 Meaningful for only Band Switch Byte for VHF3 Meaningful for only Band Switch Byte for UHF Meaningful for only Control Byte Meaningful for only PLL Tuner Option 1 (see the Option List) Option 2 (see the Option List) Option 3 (see the Option List) Option 4 (see the Option List) Option 5 (see the Option List) Teletext Option 1 (see the Option List)

NOTE (NUMBERS ARE DEFAULT VALUES FOR CONCERNED ARAMETER)
ADJUST HORIZONTAL POSITION FOR OSD IF1 Adjust Course Neg. Adj. (WO / L) IF2 Adjust Fine Neg. Adj. (WO / L) IF3 Adjust Course Pos. Adj. (W / L) IF4 Adjust Fine Pos. Adj. (W / L) AGC Adjust AGC ADJUST VERTICAL LINEARITY ADJUST VERTICAL SIZE FOR 4:3 MODE (50 HZ) ADJUST VERTICAL SIZE FOR 16:9 MODE (50 HZ) ADJUST VERTICAL POSITION (50 HZ) ADJUST HORIZONTAL POSITION (50 HZ) ADJUST VERTICAL SIZE FOR 4:3 MODE (60 HZ) ADJUST VERTICAL SIZE FOR 16:9 MODE (60 HZ) ADJUST VERTICAL POSITION (60 HZ) ADJUST HORIZONTAL POSITION (60 HZ) CVBS RGB HORIZONTAL POSITION COMPENSATION 40 40 40 31 31 10 9 (STEREO ONLY) 20 (STEREO ONLY) 13 (STEREO ONLY) 13 (STEREO ONLY) 16 (STEREO ONLY) 13 (STEREO ONLY) MEANINGFUL FOR ONLY PLL TUNER (see tuner setting table) MEANINGFUL FOR ONLY PLL TUNER (see tuner setting table) MEANINGFUL FOR ONLY PLL TUNER (see tuner setting table) MEANINGFUL FOR ONLY PLL TUNER (see tuner setting table) MEANINGFUL FOR ONLY PLL TUNER (see tuner setting table) MEANINGFUL FOR ONLY PLL TUNER (see tuner setting table) MEANINGFUL FOR ONLY PLL TUNER (see tuner setting table) MEANINGFUL FOR ONLY PLL TUNER (see tuner setting table) PERIPHERAL OPTIONS (see option table) RECEPTION STANDART OPTIONS (see option table) VIDEO OPTIONS (see option table) TV FEATURE OPTIONS (see option table) CHANNEL TABLE OPTIONS (see option table) TELETEXT OPTIONS (see option table)

14

USING COLOUR BUTTONS ON SERVICE MENU RED BUTTON (For Stereo models only): It switches the AVL to ON or OFF mode on service menu. AVL word is visible on service menu when AVL is on. GREEN BUTTON : It switched the PICTURE MODE to 4:3 or 16:9 on service menu. It is usefull when it is necessary to adjust 16:9 picture mode vertical size. YELLOW BUTTON : It switches to VERTICAL SCAN DISABLE mode. It is usefull to adjust screen voltage. BLUE BUTTON : It is used to adjust AGC and IF automatically on service menu. WHITE BALANCE ADJUSTMENT The following three parameters are used to make white balance adjustment. To do this, use a Colour Analyser. Using WR (White point adjust for RED), WG (White point adjust for GREEN), WB (White point adjust for BLUE) parameters, insert the + sign in the square which is in the middle of the screen. The suggested values for these parameters are given on the table above. AGC ADJUSTMENT In order to do AGC adjustment, enter a 60dBmV RF signal level from channel C-12 (224.25 MHz) Select AGC parameter from service menu. Press BLUE (INSTALL) button from remote controller. The adjustment will be done automatically by software. See the AGC indicator on service menu, it must be 1. Check that picture is normal at 90dBmV signal level.

)

DAÃDI9D86UPS

6B8ÃDI9D86UPS

IPI@

IF NEGATIVE ADJUSTMENT (WITHOUT L SYSTEMS) Set the video pattern to a PAL colour bar pattern with frequency 38.9 MHz. Apply this IF signal to PIN-10 and PIN-11 of tuner. Press PROG-1 and after that BLUE (INSTALL)button from remote controller. Select the standart as BG or I. (if BG is not available) Enter service menu. Select IF1 parameter from service menu and press BLUE (INSTALL) button from remote controller. IF adjustment will be done automatically by software. See the IF indicator on service menu, it must be like on FIGURE-1 shown above. IF POSITIVE ADJUSTMENT (WITH L SYSTEMS) Set the video pattern to a SECAM-L colour bar pattern with frequency 33.9 MHz. Apply this IF signal to PIN-10 and PIN-11 of tuner. Press PROG-1 and after that BLUE (INSTALL)button from remote controller. Select the BAND VHF-1 (C1 C4 for PLL tuners) and standart as L(L for PLL Tuner). Enter service menu. Select IF1 parameter from service menu and press BLUE (INSTALL) button from remote controller. IF adjustment will be done automatically by software. See the IF indicator on service menu, it must be like on FIGURE-1 shown above. OSD HORIZONTAL POSITION ADJUSTMENT Select OSD parameter on service menu. Adjust the horizontal position of OSD to the middle of screen, by using the reference bar on bottom of service menu. (OSD adjust also Horizontal position for text screen) TELETEXT BRIGHTNESS ADJUSTMENT Set the TV set to a channel with TeleText. Enter service menu. Press TEXT button from remote controller. Adjust BRIGHTNESS parameter to value 30 by using left-right buttons from remote controller. Press TV button and MENU button from remote controller respectively. Adjustment is done.

15

WrvphyÃGvrhÃWGDI @rÃhÃQ6GÃ7BÃpvpyrÃrÃhrÃvhÃSAÃ8uhtrÃWGDIÃvyyÃÃrrÃpvpyrÃhÃqÃhÃviyr

WrvphyÃTvrÃWT T U I @ H U T V E 9 6 Ã @ S V U 8 D Q Ã G 6 Q Ã C Ã $

6 6ÃWrvphyÃTvrÃvyyÃuvhyÃiyhpxÃyvrÃÃiuÃurÃrÃhqÃyr

@rÃhÃQ6GÃ7BÃpvpyrÃrÃhrÃvhÃSAÃ8uhtrÃWT

hÃsÃurÃrÃhrÃirprÃrÃpyrÃÃurÃrÃhqÃyrÃuvhyÃvqrÃsÃvprÃirÃhqÃrhyÃhiÃÃqvhrh 8urpxÃhqÃrhqwÃWrvphyÃTvrÃvrÃvsÃurÃhqwrÃirprÃvrÃhsrÃrÃurÃtrrvpÃhqwrÃhrÃqr

WrvphyÃTvrÃWT

7

@rÃhÃQ6GÃ7BÃpvpyrÃrÃhrÃvhÃSA Ã@rÃrvprÃrÃhqÃrÃBS@@IÃQD8UVS@ÃiÃsÃrrÃpyyrÃ vpuÃÃ %)(ÃvprÃqrÃÃrvprÃrÃ8uhtrÃWT 7ÃWrvphyÃTvrÃvyyÃurÃvprÃirprÃ %)(ÃshÃ8urpxÃhqÃ

rhqwÃWrvphyÃTvrÃvrÃvsÃurÃhqwrÃirprÃvrÃhsrÃrÃurÃtrrvpÃhqwrÃhrÃqr

WrvphyÃQvvÃWQ

@rÃhÃQ6GÃ7BÃpvpyrÃrÃhrÃvhÃSAÃ8uhtrÃWrvphyÃQvvÃvyyÃurÃrÃhrÃvÃrvphyyÃprrqÃCvhyÃyvrÃhÃur prrÃhrÃvÃvÃrhyÃqvhprÃiuÃÃrÃhqÃyrÃvqrÃsÃurÃvprÃirÃ8urpxÃhqÃrhqwÃWrvphyÃQvvÃvrÃvsÃ urÃhqwrÃirprÃvrÃhsrÃrÃurÃtrrvpÃhqwrÃhrÃqr

CvhyÃQvvÃCQ

@rÃhÃQ6GÃ7BÃpvpyrÃrÃhrÃvhÃSAÃ8uhtrÃCvhyÃQvvÃvyyÃurÃvprÃvÃuvhyyÃprrqÃ8urpxÃhqÃrhqw CvhyÃQvvÃvrÃvsÃurÃhqwrÃirprÃvrÃhsrÃrÃurÃtrrvpÃhqwrÃhrÃqr

T U I @ H U T V E 9 6 Ã @ S V U 8 D Q Ã 8 T U I Ã C Ã %

WrvphyÃTvrÃWT!6 @rÃhÃIUT8HÃpvpyrÃrÃhrÃvhÃSAÃÃvqrÃvÃ8uhtrÃWrvphyÃTvrÃvyyÃurÃpurpxrrqÃÃhÃsÃrÃhrÃÃiuÃs rÃhqÃyrÃvqrÃqvhrhÃ8urpxÃhqÃrhqwÃWrvphyÃTvrÃvrÃvsÃurÃhqwrÃirprÃvrÃhsrÃrÃur trrvpÃhqwrÃhrÃqr

WrvphyÃTvrÃWT!7 @rÃhÃIUT8HÃpvpyrÃrÃhrÃvhÃSAÃÃvqrÃvÃ@rÃrvprÃrÃhqÃrÃBS@@IÃQD8UVS@ÃiÃsÃrr pyyrÃÃvpuÃÃ %)(ÃvprÃqrÃÃrvprÃrÃ8uhtrÃWrvphyÃTvrÃvyyÃurÃvprÃirprÃ %)(ÃshÃ8urpxÃhqÃrhqw

WrvphyÃTvrÃvrÃvsÃurÃhqwrÃirprÃvrÃhsrÃrÃurÃtrrvpÃhqwrÃhrÃqr

WrvphyÃQvvÃWQ! @rÃhÃIUT8HÃpvpyrÃrÃhrÃvhÃSAÃÃvqrÃvÃ8uhtrÃWrvphyÃQvvÃvyyÃurÃrÃhrÃvÃrvphyyÃprrq CvhyÃyvrÃhÃurÃprrÃhrÃvÃvÃrhyÃqvhprÃiuÃÃrÃhqÃyrÃvqrÃsÃurÃvprÃirÃ8urpxÃhqÃrhqw WrvphyÃQvvÃvrÃvsÃurÃhqwrÃirprÃvrÃhsrÃrÃurÃtrrvpÃhqwrÃhrÃqr

CvhyÃQvvÃCQ! @rÃhÃIUT8HÃpvpyrÃrÃhrÃvhÃSAÃÃvqrÃvÃ8uhtrÃCvhyÃQvvÃvyyÃurÃvprÃvÃuvhyyÃprrq 8urpxÃhqÃrhqwÃWrvphyÃTvrÃvrÃvsÃurÃhqwrÃirprÃvrÃhsrÃrÃurÃtrrvpÃhqwrÃhrÃqr

SB7ÃHP9@ÃCvhyÃQvvÃSB7C @rÃhÃSB7ÃpvpyrÃrÃhrÃvhÃvqrÃvÃAprÃurÃUWÃÃSB7ÃqrÃiÃrvtÃ6WÃiÃsÃrrÃpyyr 8uhtrÃSB7ÃCvhyÃQvvÃvyyÃurÃvprÃvÃuvhyyÃprrqÃ8urpxÃhqÃrhqwÃSB7CÃvrÃvsÃurÃhqwrÃirpr vrÃhsrÃrÃurÃtrrvpÃhqwrÃhrÃqr

50 Hz. 4:3 Geometry Adjustment

60 Hz. 4:3 Geometry Adjustment

50 Hz. 16:9 Geometry Adjustment

60 Hz. 16:9 Geometry Adjustment

16

OPTION SETTINGS

Select concerned OPTION from service menu. To change a bit on selected option press the same number from remote controller. So this bit will be changed from 1 to 0 or from 0 to 1. If any option is selected on service menu you will see an indicator row shows you the bit numbers.

PQ"ÃÃWvqrÃPv ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃIPU@ 7DU&ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃYhyÃ8svthvÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃQ6GÃyÃXPÃÃIUT8ÃQyhihpx 7DU%ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ ÃYhyÃQ6GÃ##"ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ ÃÃQ6GÃyÃXÃÃIUT8ÃQyhihpxÃ ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ Ã!ÃYhyÃQ6GIUT8Ã##""$'ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ!ÃÃQ6GÃT@86HÃXÃÃIUT8ÃQyhihpxÃ

ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ Ã ÃYhyÃQ6GT@8IUT8Ã##"ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ"ÃÃQ6GÃÃT@86HÃXÃÃIUT8ÃQyhihx ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ Ã!ÃYhyÃQ6GT@8IUT8Ã##""$'

7DU$ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ Ã@hiyrÃ7yrÃihpxÃurÃÃvthyÃvÃ6WÃqrÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ ÃqrshyÃhyr ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃiyhxÃihpxÃurÃÃvthyÃvÃ6WÃqr 7DU#ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ ÃXuvrÃDrvÃvÃPIÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ ÃqrshyÃhyr ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃXuvrÃDrvÃvÃPAA 7DU"ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ Ã7yrÃ7hpxtqÃurÃÃvthyÃvÃUWÃqr ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ9vhiyrÃ7yrÃ7hpxtqÃvÃUWÃqr 7DU!ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ ÃTrvhhrÃihpxtqÃsÃPT9ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ ÃqrshyÃhyr ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃTyvqÃHrÃihpxtqÃsÃPT9 7DU ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ Ã7yhpxÃTrpuÃvÃPIÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃqrshyÃhyr ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ7yhpxÃTrpuÃvÃPAA 7DUÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ Ã6QSÃvÃPIÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ ÃqrshyÃhyr ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ6QSÃvÃPAA

17

PQ#ÃÃUWÃArhr ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃIPU@ 7DU&ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ ÃCrhqurÃvÃhhvyhiyrÃsÃTU@S@PÃqryÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃTrrÃHqryÃy ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃCrhqurÃvÃÃhhvyhiyrÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ ÃÕsÃ ÃCQÃyÕrÃvÃvviyrÃÃqÃHrÃÃÃÃÃÃ 7DU%ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ Ã6hivpQrvhÃvÃhhvyhiyrÃvÃrÃyhthtr ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ6hivpQrvhÃvÃÃhhvyhiyrÃvÃrÃyhthtr 7DU$ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ ÃCrirÃvÃhhvyhiyrÃvÃrÃyhthtr ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃCrirÃvÃÃhhvyhiyrÃvÃrÃyhthtr 7DU#ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ ÃCryÃHqrÃphÃirÃhpvhrqÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃqrshyqÃhyr ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃCryÃHqrÃphÃÃirÃhpvhrq 7DU"ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ ÃIÃTvthyÃUvrÃvÃrhiyrqÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ$vÃpqÃhqÃvpuÃssÃurÃÃvthy ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃIÃTvthyÃUvrÃvÃqvhiyrqÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ ÃqrshyqÃhyr 7DU!ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ ÃArrpÃihrqÃrhpuÃsÃQGGÃrÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÕsÃÃryrprqÃrrqÃÃryrpÃhyÃpuhryÃ ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ8uhryÃhiyrÃihrqÃrhpuÃsÃQGGÃrÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃU hiyrÃsÃPQU$ ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃrhvtÃsÃWTUÃr 7DU ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ Ã"ihqÃvtÃWCA ÃWCA"ÃVCAÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ ÃqrshyÃhyr ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ ihqÃvtÃyÃVCA 7DUÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ Ã@hÃ!ÃrpÃiyhxvtÃsÃWTUÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ ÃqrshyÃhyr ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃrhÃiyhxvt

UY ÃÃU ryrrÃPv ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃIPU@ 7DU&ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃIPUÃVT@9ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃqrshyÃhyr 7DU%ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃS@T@SW@9ÃÃirÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃqrshyÃhyr 7DU$ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ$Ã#Ã"ÃU ryrrÃGhthtrÃB 7DU#ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃBÃ ÃÃXr 7DU"ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ@tyvuAr puTr qvu8rpuBrh QtrrDh yvr Sh vh ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ ÃBÃ!ÃÃXr@h ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃQ yvuArpuTrqvu8r puBr hTr ivh Dhyvr Shvh ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ ÃBÃ"ÃÃXrUxvu ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ@tyvuAr puTr qvuUxvuBr hQtr r Dhyvr Shvh ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ ÃBÃ#ÃÃ@h8vyyvp ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ@tyvu8 vyyvpTrqvu8rpuBrh Trivh Gr vuShvh ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ ÃBÃ$ÃÃ6hivp ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ@tyvuAr puTr qvuUxvuBr hCr irDh yvr6hivp 7DU!ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ!Ã ÃÃ9rvprÃrÃryrpvÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ ÃsÃPUQÃD8Ãr 7DU ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ@QSPHÃH%Ã6ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ 7DUÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ ÃSPHÃC$ÃQ ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ ÃSPHG@TTÃC$ÃQ ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ Ã@QSPHÃH%ÃS ÃsÃH6TFÃD8Ãr

ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ ÃSPHÃH%ÃS ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ ÃPT9@QSPHÃH%ÃSÃÃPUQ ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ ÃSPHÃH%ÃQÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃH6TF ÃSrhqÃ6ÃBhvÃU hiyrÃsÃurÃqrvprÃsÃ@@QSPH

rÃTXÃÃWrv IrÃ)ÃUY ÃvÃvÃvviyrÃTrvprÃHrÃsÃyÃvuÃU

18

7 8 Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã " T 7 Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã ! T 7 Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã

Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã
C H Ã $ ! # Ã C H Ã $ ! # Ã Ã

Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã

Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã

Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã
C H Ã $ ! $ ! # Ã C H Ã $ ! ! # Ã Ã

Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã
C H Ã $ ! # ! # Ã C H Ã $ ! ( # Ã Ã

B I D U U @ T Ã S @ I V U

T 7 Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã G ! A Ã Ã Ã T Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã H Ã Ã Ã @ Ã Ã U Ã D Ã C V ! I A Ã Ã @ Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã H Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã @ Ã Ã Ã 8 Ã D G W S A Ã Ã @ Ã T Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã " Ã Ã F Ã Ã 6 C Ã Ã Ã Ã A Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã
A C V " A C W Ã Ã " A C W u H A Ã Ã Ã Ã u H Ã A C A W Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã C H Ã $ ! # # Ã C H Ã $ ! % $ Ã Ã

Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã
C H Ã $ ! $ % # Ã C H Ã $ ! & Ã Ã

Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã
C H Ã $ ! ( # # Ã C H Ã $ ! & Ã Ã

p r r s Ã r p Ã " A C W A C W Ã s Ã r i Ã u t v C Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã C

p r r s Ã r p Ã " A C W A C W Ã s Ã r i Ã G Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã G

V Q R L W D Q D O S [ (

A A Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã

p r r s Ã r p Ã A C V " A C W Ã s Ã r i Ã u t v C Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã C ! A Ã Ã Ã

p r r s Ã r p Ã A C V " A C W Ã s Ã r i Ã G Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã G ! A Ã Ã Ã

" A C W Ã s Ã r i Ã t v u p v Ã q h 7 Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã ! T T 7 7 Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã A C W Ã s Ã r i Ã t v u p v Ã q h 7 Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã

A C V Ã s Ã r i Ã t v u p v Ã q h 7 Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã " T 7 Ã Ã Ã

r i Ã y 8 Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã 7 8 Ã Ã Ã Ã

19

20