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INDEX S p e c i fi c a t i o n Operation F un c t i o n a lD e s c r i p t i o n n d M e a s u r e m e n tP r o c e d u r e a T i m e b a s e n d O t h e rA c c u r a c y C o n s i d e r a t i o n s a M e a s ur e m e n tT i p s Calibration nd Maintenance a Guarantee In s t r u c t i o n s n F r a n g a i s e B e d i e n u n g s a n l e i t u na u f D e u t s c h g l s t r u z i o n i i nl t a i l a n o In s t r u c c i o n e s n E s p a n o l e

INTRODUCTION T h e T F 2 0 0 i s a l a b o r a t o r yq u a l i t yb a t t e r yo p e r a t e d8 d i g i t L i q u i dC r y s t a l D i s p l a y ( L C D ) f r e q u e n c y m e t e r w i t h t i m e a v e r a g e dp e r i o d f a c i l i t y t o e n a b l e l o w f r e q u e n c y m e a s u r e m e n t st o b e m a d e q u i c k l y w i t h h i g h r e s ou I t o n . t There are two inputs. Input A is a high impedanceinput (1Mf)) for f r e q u e n c yo r t i m e a v e r a g e dp e r i o d m e a s u r e m e n t sn t h e r a n g e 1 0H z t o i 20MHz; input sensitivity is better than 10mV rms f rom 20Hzto2OMHz a n d b e t t e r t h a n 2 0 m V r m s f r o m 1 0H z t o 2 0 H z . I n p u t B i s a 5 0 f ) n o m i n a l input for high frequency measurementsin the range 15MHz to 2 0 0 M H z ; i n p u t s e n s i t i v i t yi s b e t t e r t h a n 1 0 m V r m s f r o m 1 5 M H z t o 100MHz and better than 30mV rms from 100MHz to 200MHz. A G C o p e r a t e so n t h e A i n p u t . T h e m e t e r c a n a l s o o p e r a t ea s a c o u n t t o t a l i s eu p t o 1 0 8+ o v e r f l o w . T h e d i s p l a y r e a d s o u t d i r e c t l y i n k H z o r g s a n d a l s o h a s i n d i c a t o r sf o r gate, overflow and low battery. The decimal point is positioned a u t o m a t i c a l l yo n a l l r a n g e s . 'C' T y p i c a lb a t t e r yl i f ef r o m 6 a l k a l i n e c e l l si s 1 5 0- 2 0 0 h o u r s , d e p e n d i n g o n r a n g es e l e c t e d .T h e m e t e r c a n a l s o b e o p e r a t e df r o m a n o p t i o n a lA C adaptor.

t1

13
IJ

14

17 20

23
ACCESSORIES AVAILABLE A C a d a p t o r sf o r 1 1 7 V , 2 2 0 V o r 2 4 0 Y TP600 600 MHz pre-scaler T P 10 0 0 10 0 0 M H z p r e - s c a l e r . S e r v i c eM a n u a l

SPECIFICATION FUNCTIONS Lo Frequency rn p u r F r e q u e n c yR a n g e GateTimes Beadout Resolution A c c ur a c y Hi Frequency In p u t F r e q u e n c yR a n g e Gate Times Readout Resolution Accuracy Time Average Period Input F r e q u e n c yR a n g e M i n i m u m P u l s eW i d t h N u m b e r o f p e r i o d sa v e r a g e d Readout Resolution Accuracy Socket A 1 0 H z t o a t l e a s t2 0 M H z 0 . 0 1 t o 1 0 0 s e c s i n 5 d e c a d es t e p s kHz 100H2to 0'0'l Hz in step with gate times of 0'01 to 100 secs + ( 1 c o u n t + t i m e b a s ea c c u r a c y ) Socket B 1 5M H z -2 0 0 M H z 0 ' 0 1 t o 1 0 0 s e c s i n 5 d e c a d es t e P s kHz lkHz to 0'1Hz in step with gate t i m e so f 0 . 0 1 t o 1 0 0 s e c s . + ( 1 c o u n t + t i m e b a s ea c c u r a c y ) Socket A 10Hz-1'5MHz 200 ns 1 0 - 1 0 0 Ki n d e c a d es t e p s ils
- r *

INPUTS Socket A lnput impedance F r e q u e n c yR a n g e Sensitivity

Attenuation Maximum permissible input voltage T r i g g e r e r r o r ( r e l e v a n tt o time-average eriod P o measurements nlY)

1M O // < 2 5 p F t t 1 0 H z o a t l e a s2 0 M H z 1 0 m V r m s s i n e w a v e2 0 H z 20MHz, 20mV rms sinewave 10Hz-20H2 A G C f r o m 1 0 m Vr m s t o a p p r o x . 350mVrms,thendiodecliPPing r 1 0 0 V D C , 2 5 0 V m s 5 0 H 2 ,f o r see otherfrequencies graph -lns 2'8 for2odB f
[Signal slope (V/ss)_.] S Nrat '

mox Input. 1. ecket a lvrms s^ewove)

, 0I 1

( N o . o f p e r i o d sa v e r a g e d ) * l l c o u n t + t i m e b a s ea c c u r a c y-l * trigger error + --,i No. of periods averaged,.l Socket A 108 + overflow 1 0H z - 2 0 M H z

s

100

500 1K

tfr

1m8

Totalise Input Counter Range F r e q u e n c yR a n g e

M HighFrequency ode

T h e o p e r a t i o ni s t h e s a m e a s f o r L o w F r e q u e n c ym e a s u r e m e n te x c e p t "B" i n p u t d r i v i n g a n a m p l i f i e r a n d p r e s c a l e ri s u s e d . T h e that the p r e s c a l e r i v i d e st h e i n p u t b y 1 0 b e f o r e i t i s p r e s e n t e dt o t h e c o u n t e r ' d l f t h e c o u n t e r i s e n a b l e df o r t s e c o n d s a n d t h e i n p u t t o B i s f H z , t h e d i s o l a vw i ! l r e a dt x f : T h e d e c i m a lp o i n t m u s t t h e r e f o r eb e p o s i t i o n e d 10 f o n e p l a c ef u r t h e rt o t h e r i g h t t o c o m p e n s a t e o r t h e e x t r ad i v i d eb y 1Oo f t t h e p r e s c a l e r ; h i s i s a c c o m p l i s h e db y t h e r a n g e s e l e c t i o nl o g i c . : M e a s u r e m e n tP r o c e d u r e 1 . S e t p o w e rs w i t c h ( 1 )t o o N . 2 . A p p l y s i g n a lt o i n p u t B ( 6 ) . r 3 . S e l e c td e s i r e d a n g ei 3 A t o 3 E ) . 4 . S e l e c t H i g h F r e q u e n c ym o d e ( 2 A ) . C h 5 . S e t C L O C KI N / C L O C KO U T S W i t C t O C L O C KO U T ( O T L O C KI N i f u s i n g e x t e r n a ls t a n c l a r d ) , 6 . O b s e r v et h e f r e q u e n c y o f t h e i n p u t s i g n a l . i T h e r e s o l u t i o nw i l l a g a i n d e p e n d o n t h e r a n g e s e l e c t e d . e 3 A w i l l g i v e 1 k H z ,3 E w i l l g i v e 0 1 H z e t c .

P AN FUNCTIONADESCRIPTTON D MEASUREMENT ROCEDURE L T h e s i g n a l a t i n p u t A i s a m p l i f i e da n d s q u a r e db y t h e S c h m i t t t r i g g e r Low FrequencyMode

a n d p a s s e dt o t h e c o u n t e r , T h e c o u n t e r i s e n a b l e db y t h e c o n t r o l l o g i c d f o r a t i m e a c c u r a t e l y e t e r m i n e db y t h e t i m e b a s ed i v i d e r sa n d t h e r a n g e s e l e c t i o n l o g i c . A t t h e e n d o f t h i s t i m e t h e c o u n t e r i s d i s a b l e d ,t h e t i m e b a s e d i v i d e r s r e s e t a n d s i g n a l sg e n e r a t e d b y t h e c o n t r o l l o g i c t o s t o r e a n d d i s o l a vt h e a c c u m u l a t e dc o u n t a n d t o r e s e t t h e c o u n t e r '

l f t h e c o u n t e r i s e n a b l e df o r t s e c o n d sa n d t h e i n p u t t o A i s f H z , t h e d i s p l a yw i l l r e a d t x f . B y p o s i t i o n i n gt h e d e c i m a l p o i n t w i t h t h e r a n g e s e l e c t i o nl o g i c , t h e r e a d o u t i s a l w a y s i n k H z . H e n c e i f a 1 0 s e c o n d g a t e t i m e i s s e l e c t e d a 2 M H z s i g n a la p p l i e da t i n p u t A w i l l r e s u l ti n a d i s p l a y , readingof (2 x 10u) x 10 or 20000000. The decimal point will be p o s i t i o n e db y t h e r a n g e s e l e c t i o nl o g i c t o r e a d 2 0 0 0 ' 0 0 0 0 k H 2 M e a s u r e m e n tP r o c e d u r e : 1. S e t o o w e r s w i t c h ( 1) t o O N . 2 . A p p l y s i g n a lt o i n p u t A { 5 ) . r 3 . S e l e c td e s i r e d a n g e( 3 A t o 3 E ) . 4 . S e l e c t L o w F r e q u e n c ym o d e i 2 B ) . 5 . S e t C L O C Kl N / C L O C K O U T s w i t c ht o C L O C KO U T { o r C L O C Kl N i f u s i n g e x t e r n a ls t a n d a r d ) . 6 . O b s e r v et h e f r e q u e n c y o f t h e i n p u t s i g n a l . w T h e r e s o l u t i o n i l l d e p e n d o n t h e r a n g e s e l e c t e di . e . 3 A w i l l g i v e t 1 0 O H z , E w i l l g i v e 0 ' 0 1 H 2 e t c , l t i s a d v i s a b l eo s t a r t o f f w i t h a s h o r t 3 g a t e t i m e ( 3 A ) a n d i n c r e a s et h e t i m e b y s e q u e n t i a l l yp r e s s i n g 3 8 , 3 C , . . . e t c . , u n t i l t h e r e q u i r e d r e s o l u t i o n / m e a s u r e m e n tt i m e i s achieved.

ln High or Low Frequencymode 3,A to 3E are used to select the '100 seconds. m e a s u r e m e n t i m e o f f r o m 0 ' 0 1 s e c o n d st o In Time Average Period mode 3A to 3E select the number of input '100,000 o v e r w h i c h t h e m e a s u r e m e n ti s a v e r a g e d . p e r i o d s ,f r o m 1 Ot o Reset T h e r e s e tb u t t o n ( 4 ) i s a m o m e n t a r ys w i t c h , w h i c h w h e n p u s h e dc l e a r s t h e d i s p l a vt o a l l z e r o s a n d r e s e t st h e i n s t r u m e n tt o t h e s t a r t o f a n e w m e a s u r e m e n tc y c l e . In p u t s i Input A (5) is used for frequency measurementsn the range 10Hz to 2 0 M H z a n d a l l t i m e a v e r a g ep e r i o d a n d t o t a l i s em e a s u r e m e n t s . w I n p u t i m p e d a n c ei s 1 M O i n p a r a l l e l i t h l e s s t h a n 2 5 p F A G C o p e r a t e so n t h i s i n p u t f r o m 1 0 m V r m s t o 3 5 0 m V r m s a n d o v e r t h i s range the input impedance is essentiallyconstant. Inputs over 3 5 0 m V r m s a r e d i o d e c l i p p e di n s i d et h e i n s t r u m e n tw i t h a r e d u c t i o ni n i n p u t i m p e d a n c et o 5 0 0 K 0 . T h e r e i s a 5 s e c o n d ( n o m i n a l )s e t t l i n gt i m e when the instrument is first switched on while the AGC voltage is e s t a b l i s h e d .T h e r e a f t e rc h a n g e s i n i n p u t l e v e l w i l l r e s u l t i n a s e t t l i n g t i m e o f l e s st h a n 2 s e c o n d s . C a r es h o u l d b e t a k e n w h e n m e a s u r i n gi n p u t s i g n a l sa b o v e 3 5 0 m V r m s w i t h p o o r s i g n a l t o n o i s e r a t i o s , a s u n d e r t h e s e c i r c u m s t a n c e sl t l s possiblefor noise to generate spurious outputs from the Schmitt p t r i g g e r ; s e e l a t e rs e c t i o n o n m a k i n g m e a s u r e m e n t s , . 1 2 . T h i s i n p u t i s capable of receiving most types of waveform - including sine, t r i a n g l e , s q u a r e a n d p u l s e s i g n a l s . S q u a r e w a v e sa r e a c c e p t e d w i t h m a r k t o s p a c e r a t i o si n t h e r a n g e2 0 : 1 t o 1 : 2 0 . H o w e v e r , c a r e s h o u l d b e t a k e n i n t i m e a v e r a g ep e r i o d m o d e n o t t o g o b e l o w t h e m i n i m u m p u l s e w i d t h s p e c i fi c a t i o n o f 2 0 0 n s . The input is protected against mains voltages up to 250V rms at 5 0 / 6 0 H z . T h e m a x i m u m i n p u t v o l t a g e a t o t h e r f r e q u e n c i e si s g i v e n i n t h e S p e c i f i c a t i o ns e c t i o n . i I n p u t B ( 6 ) i s u s e d f o r f r e q u e n c ym e a s u r e m e n t sn t h e r a n g e l 5 M H z t o 2 0 0 M H z . T h e i n p u t i m p e d a n c ei s n o m i n a l l y5 0 f l

T h e i n p u t i s p r o t e c t e da g a i n s ta c c i d e n t a lc o n n e c t i o no f m a i n s v o l t a g e s 1 u p t o 2 5 0 V r m s a t 5 0 / 6 0 H 2 . T h e m a x i m u mi n p u t v o l t a g e f r o m 5 M H z t o 2 0 0 M H zi s 1 V r m s ( + 1 3 d B m ) . T h e i n p u t i s a l s o d i o d e c l i p p e dw i t h i n p u t s o v e r 3 5 0 m V r m s , S o c k e t C { 8 ) i s a d u a i p u r p o s ei i n p u t o r o u t p u t ) s o c k e t w h o s e f u n c t i o n i s c o n t r o l l e db y t h e C L O C K I N / C L O C K O U T s w i t c h i 7 ) . I n t h e C L O C K l N p o s i t i o na n e x t e r n a l 1 M H z f r e q u e n c y s t a n d a r dc o n n e c t e d t o s o c k e t C b e c o m e s t h e t i m e b a s es o u r c e f o r t h e i n s t r u m e n t . I n t h e C L O C K O U T p o s i t i o n t h e i n s t r u m e n t r u n s f r o m i t s i n t e r n a lo s c i l l a t o r a n d a l M H z T T L c o m p a t i b l es q u a r ew a v e i s p r o v i d e da t s o c k e t C The instrument may be tested functionally by connecting a lead between input A and socket C, with CLOCK OUT selected. ln '1000kH2 il count. { r e q u e n c ym o d e t h e d i s p l a ys h o u l d r e a d C a r es h o u l d b e t a k e n t o e n s u r et h e s w i t c h i s i n t h e C L O C K l N p o s i t i o n b e f o r e c o n n e c t i n g a n e x t e r n a ls t a n d a r dt o s o c k e t C N o t e a l s o t h a t s o c k e t C i s n o t p r o t e c t e da g a i n s t l i n e v o l t a g e ; s e e t h e S p e c i f i c a t i o ns e c t i o n f o r m a x i m u m r a t i n g s . Display T h e d e c i m a lp o i n t o n t h e 8 - d i g i tl i q u i dc r y s t a ld i s p l a y( 9 ) i s a u t o m a t i c a l l y p o s i t i o n e db y t h e r a n g e s w i t c h i n g t o a l w a y s g i v e a r e a d o u t i n k H z ( a l l f r e q u e n c y r a n g e s ) o r F s { t i m e a v e r a g e p e r i o d m e a s u r e m e n t ) .T h e a p p r o p r i a t e m e a s u r e m e n tu n i t i s d i s p l a y e dt o t h e r i g h t o f t h e l e a s t s i g n i f i c a n td i g i t . I n t o t a l i s e m o d e , n o d e c i m a l p o i n t o r m e a s u r e m e n t u n l t s a r e d i s p l a y e da n d t h e d i s p l a yj u s t s h o w s t h e c o u n t . At the bottom right hand corner of the display is the low battery w a r n i n g ( B A T ) a l r e a d yd e s c r i b e di n t h e P o w e r s e c t i o n .A t t h e l e f t h a n d s i d e o f t h e d i s p l a vt h e r e i s t h e G a t e i n d i c a t o r ,w h i c h s h o w s w h e n t h e i c o u n t g a t e i s o p e n a n d a m e a s u r e m e n t s i n p r o g r e s s ,a n d t h e o v e r f l o w ( - ) i n d i c a t o rw h i c h s h o w s w h e n e i t h e rt h e m e a s u r e m e n t n p r o g r e s s r i o the displayed information or both have exceeded the eight digit c a p a c i t yo f t h e d i s p l a y . Note: Extended exposure of the LCD to direct sunlight or high t e m p e r a t u r ec o n d i t i o n sc a n c a u s e t h e d i s p l a yt o t e m p o r a r i i yb l a c k e n E v e n t h o u g h t h e d i s p l a y r e c o v e r sa t n o r m a l o p e r a t l n gt e m p e r a t u r e s t h e s e c o n d i t i o n ss h o u l d b e a v o i d e df o r m a x i m u m d i s p l a y l i f e .

OPERATION Power 'C' T h e T F 2 0 0i s s up p l i e df i t t e dw i t h s i x s i z ea l k al i n ec e l l s .S w i t c h o n u s i n g ( 1 ) . l f o p e r a t i o nf r o m A C l i n e p o w e r i s r e q u i r e da n the ON-OFF switch a p p r o v e dA C a d a p t o rm a y b e p l u g g e di n t o t h e p o w e r j a c k ( 11) a t t h e r e a r t o f t h e i n s t r u m e n t ;u s e o f a n y o t h e r a d a p t o r w i l li n v a l i d a t e h e g u a r a n t e e ' A l o w b a t t e r yi n d i c a t o r( B A T ) s h o w s a t t h e b o t t o m r i g h t - h a n dc o r n e ro f a t h e d i s p l a y( 9 ) w h e n t h e b a t t e r i e s r ea p p r o a c h i n ge n d o f l i f e ;w i t h a l k a I l i n ec e l l st h i sw i l l h a p p e nw h e n a p p r o x i m a t e l y h o u r sb a t t e r yl i fe r e m a i n . A l w a v s r e m o v ee x h a u s t e dc e l l sf r o m t h e i n s t r u m e n tt o p r e v e n tp o s s i b l e damagethrough leakage. T o r e p l a c et h e c e l l s p r o c e e da s f o l l o w s : 1 . R e m o v ea l l e x t e r n a li n p u t s ; s w i t c h o f f t h e i n s t r u m e n t 2 . l n v e r t t h e i n s t r u m e n ta n d r e m o v e t h e 4 r u b b e r f e e t 3 . R e m o v et h e 4 s h o r t a n d o n e l o n g s c r e w s . 4 . H o l d i n gt h e c a s e u p p e r a n d l o w e r t o g e t h e r ,t u r n t h e i n s t r u m e n tt h e r i g h t w a y u p , t h e n l i f t o f f t h e t o p e n s u r i n gt h a t t h e j a c k s o c k e t { l 1) stayswith the lower half of the instrument. 5 . C h a n g e t h e s i x c e l l s ,t a k i n g c a r e t o o b s e r v e t h e c o r r e c t p o l a r i t y shown in the battery holder. i 6 . R e a s s e m b l en t h e r e v e r s eo r d e r . A l k a l i n ec e l l sa r e r e c o m m e n d e da n d s h o u l d g i v e a b a t t e r y l i f e i n e x c e s s of 200 hours. However, zinc carbon cells may also be used, though t h e s e w i l l g i v e s i g n i f i c a n t l yl e s s l i f e . S u i t a b l ec e l l sa r e a s f o l l o w s : Size Classification ASA

r o N o t e : l f t h e i n s t r u m e n ti s s w i t c h e d o n w i t h t h e b a t t e r i e s e v e r s e d r t h e p o l a r i t y o f t h e e x t e r n a ls o u r c e r e v e r s e d ,a p r o t e c t i o n d i o d e i n s i d et h e i n s t r u m e n tp r e v e n t sd a m a g et o t h e c o m p o n e n t sb y l i m i t i n gt h e r e v e r s e voltage across them. However, the high current that can flow, p a r t i c u l a r l yw i t h a l k a l i n e c e l l s , m a y c a u s e t h e p r i n t e d c i r c u i t b o a r d t f u s e a b l el i n k t o b l o w a n d i f t h i s h a p p e n s i t w i l l b e n e c e s s a r y o r e t u r n t h e i n s t r u m e n tf o r S e r v i c e . The Auxiliary power socket (10) provides a power take-off point ( c e n t r e - p i np o s i t i v e )f o r a n e x t e r n a l p r e s c a l e r .I n s t r u c t i o n f o r u s e i s g i v e n i n t h e p r e s c a l e r n s t r u c t i o nb o o k . i

Function Selection i s T h e f u n c t i o n s w i t c h e s\ 2 A t o 2 C l a r e m e c h a n i c a l l y n t e r l o c k e d o t h a t s e l e c t i o no f a n y o n e a u t o m a t i c a l l yc a n c e l sa l l o t h e r s . 2 A s e l e c t st h e H i g h F r e q u e n c ym o d e . T h i s a l l o w s f r e q u e n c i e si n t h e r a n g e 1 5 M H z t o 2 0 0 M H z a p p l i e d t o i n p u t B t o b e m e a s u r e da n d d i s o l a v e di n k H z . 2 B s e l e c t s t h e L o w F r e q u e n c ym o d e . T h i s a l l o w s f r e q u e n c i e si n t h e a t r a n g e1 0 H zt o 2 0 M H z a p p l i e d o i n p u t A t o b e m e a s u r e d n d d i s p l a y e d in kHz. 2 C s e l e c t st h e T i m e A v e r a g e P e r i o dm o d e . T h i s a l l o w s f r e q u e n c i e si n t h e r a n g e 1 0 H z t o 1 ' 5 M H z a p p l i e dt o i n p u t A t o b e m e a s u r e d T h e d i s p l a y w i l l r e a d t h e a v e r a g et i m e f o r o n e p e r i o d o f t h e i n p u t s i g n a l . The readoutis in irs. a b W i t h a l l t h r e e s w i t c h e so u t ( a c c o m p l i s h e d y h a l f d e p r e s s i n g n y o n e ) , i t h e i n s t r u m e n tw i l l b e i n t h e T o t a l i s em o d e . T h i s a l l o w s f r e q u e n c i e s n t h e r a n g e 1 0H z t o 2 0 l \ 4 H za p p l i e dt o i n p u t A t o b e p a s s e dc o n t i n u o u s l y f r o m t h e c o u n t e r t o t h e d i s p l a y ,t h u s p r o v i d i n ga c u m u l a t i v ec o u n t o f t h e s i g n a la p p l i e dt o i n p u t A .

c

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M N ' 1 4 0 0E 9 3 , A L - l , V S 1 3 3 5 , Akaline , VS , HP P H i g h o w e r z i n c c a r b o n 1 1 , 9 3 5 , 8 1 4 , 0 3 5 AM 1 4 - F1 1 1 ' l C ' 2 7 , 1 S P 1 , 8 3 5 , 1 2 0 .V S 7 3 5 ,1 1 4 ' 1 1 0 L P2 1 4 , N o r m az i n cc a r b o n l U11MJ the outside mustbecharged cells Rechargeable maybe usedbut these the disconnects internal of connection theAC adaptor since instrument cells.

Range Selection T h e r a n g e s w i t c h e s ( 3 A t o 3 E ) a r e m e c h a n i c a l l yi n t e r l o c k e ds o t h a t s e l e c t i o no f a n y o n e a u t o m a t i c a l l yc a n c e l sa l l o t h e r s .

Socket B lnputimpedance F r e q u e n c yR a n g e S e n s i t i v i t yf r o m 5 0 f 2 s o u r c e Dynamic Range Maximum permissible Input voltage 50O nominal 1 5 M H z t o a t l e a s t2 0 0 M H z 1 0 m V r m s s i n e w a v e1 5 - 1 0 0 M H z ; 3 0 m V r m s s i n e w a v e1 0 0 2 0 0 M H z 4 0 d B ( 1 0 m Vr m s - 1 Vr m s ) 100V DC, 250V rms50H2, 1V rms 1 5M H z- 2 0 0 M H z

C u r r e n tD r a i n

'C' life Typical battery (6 alkaline h , c e l l s )1 5 0 - 2 0 0 o u r sd e p e n d i n g :
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a 6 ' 0 V . T y p i c a ll i f er e m a i n i n g f t e r low battery indicator lights: 8 hours. s h o w n i n d i s p l a yw h e n t h e {m e a s u r e m e n ti n p r o g r e s s o r t h e displayed information exceeds '108 'Gate' shown in display

Overflow Indication

TIMEBASE 4MHz f C r y s t a lO s c i l l a t o r r e q u e n c y i r a I n i t i a lO s c i l l a t o r d j u s t m e n te r r o r . ( + . 3 p p m a t t e m p e r a t u e s p e c i f e d on OA label O s c i l l a t o rt e m p e r a t u r ec o e f fi c i e n t T y p i c a l o s c i l l a t o r s t a b i l i t y b e t t e r than +3ppm 180C to 28oC, + 1 0 p p m 2 0 o Ct o 7 0 o C <+10ppm peryear O s c i l l a t o ra g e i n g r a t e d lMHz (divided own from 4MHz) l n t e r n a lc l o c k Timebase Time betweenmeasurements i) Frequency i i ) T i m e a v e r a g ep e r i o d 0 ' 0 1 s t o 1 0 0 si n d e c a d es t e P s 400 ms 400ms + (1 input period

Gate Open lndication Beset Button

Resets display to zero and counterlogicto start of new gate period in all modes. Resetcycle time(800 ms

t Environmentaf Operating Range 5oC to 40oC, 20o/o o80ok RH Environmental Storage Range -40"C to +60oC (with alkaline ( batteries). 75olo Rn

GENERAL External Clock Rear panel socket and switch for internal l MHz out, or external l M H z r e f e r e n c ei n 2 V t o 5 V p e a k t o p e a k s i n e w a v eo r squarewave 50V DC,30V rms

MECHANICAL Case Size Weight 2 5 5 x 1 5 0x 5 0 m m E x c l u d i n gb a t t e r i e s ,8 0 0 g m s . Including alkaline batteries, 12009ms.

Input voltagerange n M a x i m u m p e r m i s s i b l ie p u t voltage

Time Average Period Mode

T h e s i g n a l f r o m i n p u t A i s p a s s e da s b e f o r e t h r o u g h a n a m p l i f i e ra n d S c h n r i t t t r i g g e r t o g i v e t h e C O U N T s i g n a l . T h i s i s t h e n p a s s e dt o t h e t i m e b a s ed i v i d e r , t h e l M H z c l o c k s i g n a l b e i n g p a s s e dt o t h e c o u n t e r . The counter is enabledby the control logic for a multipleof 10 input p e r i o d s( t h e a c t u a lm u l t i p l eb e i n gs e l e c t e db y t h e r a n g es e l e c t i o nl o g i c ) . A f t e r t h e s e l e c t e dm u l t i p l eo f 1 0 i n p u t p e r i o d sh a s p a s s e d ,t h e c o u n t e r i s d i s a b l e d ,t h e d i s p l a yu p d a t e d ,a n d t i m e b a s ed i v i d e r sr e s e ta s b e f o r e . S i n c e t h e c o u n t e r h a s b e e n i n c r e m e n t e do n c e e v e r y 1 p s ( b y t h e 1M H z o s c i l l a t o r ) ,t h e c o u n t e r w i l l h o l d t h e t i m e ( i n p s ) t h a t t h e s e l e c t e d m u l t i p l eo f 1 0 i n p u t p e r i o d sh a s s p a n n e d .l f t h e i n p u t a t A i s f H z a n d t h e m u l t i p l e s e l e c t e di s 1 0 n t h e c o u n t e r w i l l h o l d l ! " x 1 0 6 . S o t h a t t h e display shows the time for one period in Fs, the decimal point is p o s i t i o n e db y t h e r a n g es e l e c t i o nl o g i c t o d i v i d et h i s c o u n t b y 1 0 n .T h u s a 2 0 0 H z s i g n a la p p l i e dt o i n p u t A f o r 1 0 3p e r i o d sa v e r a g e dw i l l r e s u l ti n a d i s p l a vo f 1 0 3 x 1 0 6o r 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 , b u t t h e d e c i m a lp o i n t i s p o s i t i o n e d

200

t o d i v i d e b y 1 0 3s u c h t h a t t h e r e s u l td i s p l a y e di s 5 0 0 0 ' 0 0 0 9 s , t h e t i m e for one periodof the 200H2 input signal. M e a s u r e m e n tP r o c e d u r e : 1. S e t p o w e r s w i t c h ( 1) t o O N . 2 . A p p l y s i g n a lt o i n p u t A { 5 ) . 3 . S e l e c t d e s i r e dr a n g e ( 3 A t o 3 E ) . 4 . S e l e c tT i m e A v e r a g e P e r i o dm o d e ( 2 C ) . 5 . S e t C L O C Kl N / C I O C K O U T s w i t c ht o C L O C KO U T { o r C L O C Kl N i f u s i n g e x t e r n a ls t a n d a r d ) . 6 . T h e d i s p l a yw i l l i n d i c a t et h e a v e r a g ev a l u e o f t h e p e r i o do f t h e i n p u t signal. i.e. 1 ps 10n n u m b e r o f p e r i o d sa v e r a g e d periodsaveraged 6" Number of The measurementtime (or GATE,;rn"1*111 I n p u t s i g n a lf r e q u e n c y i . e . 1 0 ns e c s The resolution will be

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M Totalise ode

I n t h i s m o d e t h e s i g n a la t i n p u t A i s a m p l i fi e d a n d s q u a r e da s b e f o r ea n d p a s s e d t o t h e c o u n t e r . T h e c o u n t e r i s p e r m a n e n t l ye n a b l e d b y t h e c o n t r o l l o g i c a n d t h e i n f o r m a t i o n p a s s e sd i r e c t l y t o t h e d i s p l a y . T h e result is that the displav reads the total number of counts seen at i n o u t A . T h e r e s e ts w i t c h c a n b e u s e d t o c l e a rt h e c o u n t e r a n d d i s p l a y M e a s u r e m e n tP r o c e d u r e : 1. S e t o o w e r s w i t c h ( 1) t o O N . 2 . A p p l y s i g n a lt o i n p u t A 1 5 ) .
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3 . S e t f u n c t i o nr o T o t a l \ 2 A , 2 8 , 2 C a l l o u t ) . 4 . R e a dt o t a l n u m b e r o f c o u n t s f r o m d i s p l a y . f

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5 . U s e R e s e ts w i t c h ( 4 ) a s n e c e s s a r y - . t B e c a u s eo f A G C o n i n p u t A i t i s d e s i r a b l e o a t t e n u a t et h e s i g n a lw h e n using the totai function to prevent the AGC settling time causing e r r o n e o u st o t a l s t o t h e d i s p l a y .A l e v e lb e t w e e n2 0 a n d 1 0 0m V p e a k t o peak is recommended {dependent on frequencY). By careful a d j u s t m e n to f t h e i n p u t a m p l i t u d e ,s q u a r ew a v e s ( o r a n y s i g n a lh a v i n g ) a s i g n a ls l o p eg r e a t e rt h a n a b o u t i v o l t r ' s e c .d o w n t o 0 ' 1 H z m a y b e totalised.

MEASUREMENT TIPS t W h e n m e a s u r i n g h e f r e q u e n c yo r p e r i o do f c o m p l e x o r n o i s ys i g n a l sa t input A, the following should be considered. Excessive Noise W h e n n o i s y s i g n a l s b e l o w 3 5 0 m V r m s a r e m e a s u r e d ,t h e A G C w i l l a t t e n u a t et h e s i g n a la n d t h e n o i s eb y t h e s a m e a m o u n t a n d t h e S c h m i t t t r i g g e r w i l l b e p r e s e n t e dw i t h t h e c o r r e c t s i g n a l a t a l l t i m e s , f i g a ' lf however, the input signal is greater than 350mV rms the diode c l i p p i n g w i l l c a u s e t h e s i g n a l t o b e r e d u c e d b y a g r e a t e ra m o u n t t h a n t h e n o i s e t h u s c a u s i n gf a l s e o u t p u t s f r o m t h e S c h m i t t t r i g g e r , f i g b '

ComplexWaveforms of level the whichareabc&e 350mVrmsclipping waveforms Complex the Consider waveform to can the amplifier alsogiverise falsecounts. o f f i o .c .
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Here it is the complex nature of the waveform and not noisewhich c a u s e sf a l s e c o u n t s . T h e s o l u t i o n , h o w e v e r , i s t h e s a m e ; t h e s i g n a l s h o u l d b e a t t e n u a t e db e f o r e i t i s p r e s e n t e dt o t h e i n p u t o f T F 2 0 0 . T h e i c o n d i t i o n sw i l l t h e n b e a s i l l u s t r a t e d n f i g . d a n d t h e c o r r e c t c o u n t i n g will be oossible. High Frequency Signals I n p u t B i s a h i g h f r e q u e n c yi n p u t w i t h n o m i n a l 5 0 O i n p u t i m p e d a n c e and for correct operation up to 200MHz good quality connection c a b l e sa r e r e c o m m e n d e d .C a b l e ss h o u l d b e k e p t a s s h o r t a s p o s s i b l e a n d s o u r c e i m p e d a n c es h o u l d i d e a l l yb e c l o s et o 5 0 O t o a v o i d s t a n d i n g waves. T h e i n p u t s i g n a ls h o u l d n e v e r e x c e e d 1 V r m s f r o m 1 5 M H z t o 2 0 0 M H z a s f a l s e c o u n t s a n d p o s s i b l ed a m a g e m a Y r e s u l t '
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F r o m t h e a b o v e i t c a n b e s e e n t h a t a t t e n u a t i n ga n o i s y s i g n a l t o l e s s t h a n 3 5 0 m V r m s b e f o r e p r e s e n t i n gi t t o t h e c o u n t e r w i l l a l w a y sg i v e a correctcount. A c o n v e n i e n ta t t e n u a t i o nf a c t o r o f 1 0 c a n b e a c h i e v e db y t h e u s e o f a p x 10 oscilloscooe robe. a l f t i m e a v e r a g ep e r i o d m e a s u r e m e n t s r e b e i n g c a r r i e do u t , i t s h o u l d b e n o t e d t h a t t h e t r i g g e r t i m i n g e r r o r w i l l b e s i g n i f i c a n ta n d m u s t a l s o b e taken into account on noisy signals.

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TIMEBASE AND OTHER ACCURACY CONSIDERATIONS -.e e a c c u r a c V f t h e t i m e b a s ea f f e c t sa l l m e a s u r e m e n t s x c e p t t o t a l l s e o : i c i t h e f o l l o w i n g d i s c u s s i o ni s i n t e n d e da s a g u i d e t o d e t e r m i n i n gt h e - i l s o { m e a s u r e m e ne r r o r t

External Oscillator a l f m e a s u r e m e n t s r e t o b e m a d e w h i c h r e q u i r eg r e a t e ra c c u r a c yt h a n can be obtained using the internal oscillator, an external lMHz f r e q u e n c y s t a n d a r d m a y b e a p p l i e dt o s o c k e t C ( 8 ) . T h e a m p l i t u d e o f this signal should be between 2V and 5V peak to peak and the w a v e f o r m s i n u s o i d a o r s q u a r ew i t h a m a r k t o s p a c e r a t i o b e t w e e n 3 : 1 l 'l a n d : 3 . T h i s s i g n a lc o u l d t y p i c a l i yb e o b t a i n e df r o m a n o v e n s t a b i l i s e d c r y s t a lo s c i l l a t o ro r a s t a n d a r df r e q u e n c y r e c e i v e r . W h e n u s i n g a n e x t e r n a ls t a n d a r d e n s u r et h a t t h e c L o c K l N / c L o c K O U T s w i t c h ( 7 ) i s s e t t o C L O C Kl N . +1 Count Error 1 1 c o u n t e r r o r i s d u e t o t h e i n a b i l i t yo f t h e c o u n t e r t o r e s o l v e{ i n t h e l e a s t s i g n i f i c a n td i g i t p o s i t i o n ) a n i n p u t s i g n a l w h i c h i s n o t a n e x a c t e n u m b e r o f c o u n t s . l t i s s o m e t i m e sk n o w n a s t h e q u a n t i s a t i o n r r o r a n d exists in all frequency counters. lts effect on the measurement accuracy can be minimised by selectinga gate time or number of p e r i o d sa v e r a g e dw h i c h w i l l g i v e a 7 o r 8 d i g i t c o u n t i n t h e d i s p l a y . Trigger Error T r i g g e re r r o r i s a r a n d o m e r r o r c a u s e db y n o i s eo n t h e l n p u t s i g n a la n d n o i s e f r o m t h e i n p u t a m p l i f i e r .T h e e f f e c t o f t h e n o i s e i s t o m a k e t h e p o i n t o n t h e s i g n a l a t w h i c h t h e u p p e r a n d l o w e r t h r e s h o l d so f t h e S c h m i t t t r i g g e r a r e c r o s s e d u n c e r t a i n ,a n d t h e t r i g g e r e r r o r e x p r e s s e s u n c e r t a i n t yi n t i m e . I t i s o n l y s i g n i f i c a n ti n t i m e a v e r a g ep e r i o d m o d e w h e n t h e i n p u t s i g n a l i s u s e d t o g e n e r a t ea g a t e t i m e . a T r i g g e re r r o r i s n o r m a l l ye x p r e s s e d s t h e r a t i o o f t h e p e a kt o p e a k n o i s e p r e s e n to n a n i n p u t s i g n a l( a t t h e l i m i t o f s e n s i t i v i t yo f t h e i n s t r u m e n t ) t o t h e s i g n a l s l o p e , f o r a s p e c i f i e do v e r a l l s i g n a l t o n o i s e r a t i o . F o r e x a m p l e ,f o r a n o v e r a l l S / N r a t i o o f 4 0 d B a n d a l i m i t i n g s e n s i t i v i t yo f 30mV peak to peak (10mV rms) the peak to peak noise is 30 or

Internal Oscillator T h e T F 2 0 0 h a s a n i n t e r n a lo s c i l l a t o ro f h i g h s t a b i l i t yb u t n e v e r t h e l e s s t h e o p e r a t i n gf r e q u e n c yi s a f f e c t e d b y t e m p e r a t u r ea n d t i m e { a g e i n g ) . T h e o s c i l l a t o rh a s b e e n f a c t o r y s e t t o b e t t e r t h a n + 0 ' 3 p p m ( p a r t s p e r m i l l i o n )a t t h e a m b i e n tt e m p e r a t u r es p e c i f i e do n t h e i n s p e c t i o nl a b e lo n o the unclerside f the case. Note that due to a small warm-up effect insidethe case it may take up to'15 minutes from switch on {or the o s c i l l a t o r t o r e a c h t h i s a c c u r a c y . A t t e m p e r a t u r e so t h e r t h a n t h a t s p e c i f i e do n t h e i n s p e c t i o nl a b e lt h e a d d i t i o n a le r r o rs h o u l d b e l e s st h a n +0'3ppm/"C with respect to the calibration temperature for the o p e r a t i n g r a n g e o f 1 8 o Ct o 2 8 o C . T h e c r y s t a l sa r e p r e - a g e db e f o r e a s s e m b l yi n t o t h e T F 2 0 0 b u t a f u r t h e r a g e r n go f u p t o + 1 0 p p m c a n o c c u r i n t h e f i r s t y e a r . S i n c e t h e a g e i n g w e r a t e d e c r e a s e s x p o n e n t i a l l y i t h t i m e i t i s a n a d v a n t a g et o r e c a l i b r a t e t h e i n s t r u m e n ta f t e r t h e f i r s t s i x m o n t h s u s e . t m R e c a l i b r a t i o n a y b e c a r r i e do u t w i t h o u t d i s m a n t l i n g h e i n s t r u m e n tb y p e e l i n go f f t h e i n s p e c t i o nl a b e lt o g a i n a c c e s st o t h e m u l t i - t u r nt r i m m e r . Adiustment can be monitoredby either a) Using a high accuracy frequency counter to measure the i n t e r n a lc l o c k a t s o c k e t C { C L O C K l N / C L O C K O U T s w i t c h i n C L O C KO U T p o s i t i o n ) , o r b ) U s i n g a f r e q u e n c y s t a n d a r d o r s t a n d a r df r e q u e n c y r e c e i v e rt o p r o v i d e a h i g h a c c u r a c y s i g n a la t i n p u t A . t U s e a n o n - m e t a l l i c r i m m i n g t o o l w h e n a d i u s t i n gt h e o s c i l l a t o r .l f o n l y a m e t a l t o o l i s a v a i l a b l e a l l o w f o r t h e f r e q u e n c ys h i f t t h a t t h e m e t a l t o o l , introduces whilst making the adjustment so that the meter reads c o r r e c t l yw i t h t h e t r i m m i n g t o o l w i t h d r a w n .

100

0 ' 3 m V . l f t h e i n p u t s i g n a l i s a t r i a n g u l a rw a v e f o r m o f 1 k H z , t h e n t h e signal slope is 3L or 60mV/gs. The trigger error is therefore u.5 t0'3 gs or a5ns. 60

CALIBRATION AND MAINTENANCE , . : ' a t i o n i s g u a r a n t e e da s i n t h e S p e c i f i c a t i o n .H o w e v e r , a l t h o u g h ' - ; : ' v s t a l i n t h e o s c i l l a t o ri s p r e - a g e db e f o r e a s s e m b l yf u r t h e r a g e i n g ' -o to *10opm can occur in the first year. Since this ageing rate t w : . : - e a s e s e x p o n e n t i a l l y i t h t i m e i t i s a n a d v a n t a g et o r e c a l i b r a t e h e -s:'ument after about six months when the ageing rate has slowed ; e : a l i b r a t i o nm a y b e c a r r i e do u t w i t h o u t d i s m a n t l i n gt h e i n s t r u m e n tb y : e e r l n go f f t h e i n s p e c t i o nl a b e lt o g a i n a c c e s st o t h e m u l t i - t u r nt r i m m e r . l c , i . r s t m e n tc a n b e m o n i t o r e d b y e i t h e r ar Using a high accuracy frequency counter to measure the i n t e r n a lc l o c k a t s o c k e t C ( C L O C K l N / C L O C K O U T s w i t c h i n CLOCKOUT position), r . b ) U s i n g a f r e q u e n c y s t a n d a r d o r s t a n d a r df r e q u e n c y r e c e i v e rt o p r o v i d ea h i g h a c c u r a c ys i g n a l a t i n p u t A ' l t J S e a n o n - m e t a l l i c r i m m i n g t o o l w h e n a d j u s t i n gt h e o s c i l l a t o r . f o n l y a a r e t a l t o o l i s a v a i l a b l e , l l o w f o r t h e f r e q u e n c ys h i f t t h a t t h e m e t a l t o o l nlroduces whilst making the adjustment so that the meter reads c o r r e c t l yw i t h t h e t r i m m i n g t o o l w i t h d r a w n . , T h e M a n u f a c t u r e r s o r t h e i r a g e n t so v e r s e a s w i l l p r o v i d er e p a i rf o r a n y , m e t e r d e v e l o p i n ga f a u l t . W h e r e o w n e r s w i s h t o u n d e r t a k et h e i r o w n m a i n t e n a n c ew o r k , t h i s s h o u l d o n l y b e d o n e i n c o n j u n c t i o n w i t h t h e Service Manual which may be purchased directly from the M a n u f a c t u r e ro r t h e i r a g e n t s o v e r s e a s .

GUARANTEE For guarantee details please see separate insert contained in packagrng.