Text preview for : Hitachi V209.pdf part of Hitachi V-209 Operation Manual with schematics
Back to : Hitachi V209.pdf | Home
MODEL V-209
OSCILLOSCOPE
-----.._...__
-
OPERATION MANUAL
~Hitachi Denshi. Ltd.
,;----------·---------·-- -. ---.-·--._-----·---------1 ·
If WARRANTY
Th1s H1tach1 Ocnsh1. Ltd . product 1s warranted against defects in workmansh1p and materiah. If any failure. re~uhing from a defect in e1ther workmanship or matenal. ~hall uc..:ur un:ll!r uormal use within one year from the origmal date ot purcha~c. such failure shall be corrected free of charge to the ongmal purcha~e by repair or. at I htachi Denshi's sole option. replacement of the defective part or pam '\o charge shall be made for labor or services pcrfonned dunng Stlld one year period providing the product is brought to our AuthoriLcd Service StCI'\ii'e period and during the additiona) penod 'overed by two year~ pans warranty. a reasonable charge will be made for labor or ~en1.:e perfom1eJ . ThiS warranty does not cover equipment which has been tampered with in any way. or damage caused by acc1dent, negligence, alteration, or misappli· cation. This product mu~t be returnt:d transportation prepaid, properly packed and insured. This warranty apphes only to the o ngmal purchaser. NO OTHI:.R WARRANTILS 1\Rl~ EXPRI:.SSED OR IMPLII:.D. Huachi Denshi. Ltd. IS NOT LIABLI:: l-OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES.
,f
~ 1
~{
,
J
'1
){
{ I
~ f
~
L(
1 (
) (
I
~l
~~
I,
1:
r
ll
1
~~
~
}
' 1
,
t!
ll
1
1~ ll
t'
r
ll
1
1 r
ll
' 1
r~
'~
~~
~~
l,...,,:...,:_, ,,..., ,...,_;:"'N':,,..,,;"·";,..,,-...,..,..;:-..-..:!*Iot''·"''·''"'''··lllt......,..,ltllh·',.,.,,.....,~·u~"A""- '"'"" ., ''"''" ,...,."""·""'",.oi+l+·;"~:;,...,,:·..,..,,.tt,.';~.....,;"ltiO:,.,",:"~'\+II!t!o'"'";;,.,,:"''~·ltH· ..... ,,.,,,. ·· ''"''
~
~
~t
r
CONTENTS
Features .
. .
MODEL V-209
. .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
2. Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3. Precautions . ......... ...... ......... ... . . . .. .. . ... .... .... 4. Controls and connectors . ... ..................... ... ...... . . . (I) Power supply and CRT
.
I
2 6 6 12 13 15 15 17 19
., ., ., 1
. ... .......... ..... . ....... ...... ..
(2) Controls of vertical deflection system .... .. .... ... ........... . . . I0 (3) Controls of horizontal deflection system . .. ... ..... .. ........ . ... (4) S ynchronization system ................................... (5) Miscellaneous... .. ....... ...... ..... .. .. . . . . .. ... ... .. .. 5. Battery operation ......... . . .. .... ..... . ..... . . . .. ... . . ... . . 6. How to produce the bright line ....... . ....... .... . . . .. .. .... .... 7. Method for connecting signal s ..... ........... .... . . ... .. . . ... ..
8
Measuring procedure . . ..
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
·
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. .
. .
.
..
. .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
(I) DC voltage measurement .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
·
.
(2) AC voltage measurement. ... .. ..... . .... .. .... ...... .... .. . (3) Measurement of frequency and penod .. ........ .... .... ........
22 23
(4) Measurement of time difference.. ............................ 23 (5 ) Measurement of rise(fall)tll1le ................................ 24 (6) Synchronization of compte ed waveform ... . .. ... ...... .. .. .. .. 25 . (7) How to use TV exclusJve synchronization ... ......... ...... ...... 25 9. AdJUStments 10. Maintenance
.
. . . ... .... ... ...
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
... .. ... . . . . .... .... . . .... . 27
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2
II. Specifications. . . ....... .. .... ...... ....... . . . ..... . . . . .... . 2 12. External view ................................. ............. 32 13. Schematic diagrams ......... .... . .. .. .... ....... ........... . . 33 14. Optional accessories .
. . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
·
. 42
NOTE
This instrument should be adjusted at an ambient temperature of +20°C for best overall accuracy. Allow at least IS minutes warmup before proceeding. c Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) film is attached on the enclosure and the front panel of the oscilloscope to protect the metal damaged by scratches, remove it. To clean the enclosure or the front panel, use neutral detergent. Refrain from using thinner, bent.me. alcohol or other chemicals. For safety operation, the instrument chassis and cabinet are sure to con nect the ground lead of the G D (ground) terminal to earth ground, if a two-wire AC power system is used. Failure to complete the ground system may allow the chassis and cabinet of this instrument to be elevated above ground potential and pose a shock hazard. surface. If the PVC film is
1.
FEATURES
The Hitachi V- 209 is a handy-type, advanced-class oscillo
(6) Auto focusing: Focusing shift is automatically corrected.
scope with a bandwidth of DC to 20
MHz
designed with the
emphasis on operability and portability and has a following features.
(I) Wide bandwidth: The instrument has a bandwidth from DC to 20
MHz.
(2)
High sensitivity:
Sensitivity is I m V/div
2.
(3) 3.5-inch screen: Employment of an internal graticule CRT permits the
ACCESSORIES
waveform observation to be made without parallax error.
This instrument is shipped with the following standard accessories. 2 Probes (AT-JOAK 1.5) Fuse Fuse 1 A for I OOV set or 0.5 A for 200V set 2A for DC line
(4)
3-way operation:
The instrument is operated with AC-line,external DC and Battery Pack AD-209. (5) TV synchronization: Employment of a new TV sync separator circuit allows the instrument to observe TV signals stably.
AC power supply cord DC power supply cord Operation manual.
3.
PRECAUTIONS
Precauuon to be observed to lengthen the service life of
The operating ambient humidity is 35
85.
Since an accidental antrusion of water may also cause troubles, do not place a water-filled containers such as a vase on the oscilloscope.
:hb 10 trument.
In tallation site · ,\ vo1d
tnstalltng mstrument in an extremely hot or cold
place. Avoid placmg this instrument in a place exposed to sun light for a long period of time, in a closed car in mid summer, or near a room heating device such as a stove. The operatmg maximum ambient temperature is +50°C.
·
Do not place the instrument in a place where vibration is strong. Avoid using the instrument at a place vibrating violently. Since the oscilloscope is a precision instrument, excessively strong vibrations may cause damage.
· Do not use mstrument that has been left outdoors on a
cold Winter day. The operatmg ambient temperature
is
·
Do not place the anstrument near a magnet or magnetic body. An oscilloscope is an equipment using electron beam Therefore, do not bring a magnet close to the instrument or do not use the instrument near an equ1pment generating strong magnetic force.
0°C or more.
·
Avoid moving the instrument rapidly from a hot place to a cold place or vice versa, or condensation may form on ms1de of the instrument.
·
Keep the instrument away from damp air, water, and dust. L'nexpected trouble may be caused when the instrument is placed an a damp or dusty place.
Handling
·
Do not put a heavy objects on the oscilloscope. Do not block the ventilation holes.
·
*
Do not apply a heavy shock to the oscilloscope.
* *
Do not insert a wire, pin, etc. through the ventilation hole. Do not drag the set, leaving the probe attached to it.
Handle The handle of the V- 209 * Do not leave a hot soldering iron on the cabinet or the screen.
* can
be positioned for carrying
or as a tilt-stand for the instrument. To position the handle. press in at both pivot points and tum the handle to the desired position. 15 positions are provided for con venient carrying or viewing.
Do not try to turn the instrument upside down. Otherwise, knobs may be broken.
b
*
Do not use the instrument upright, leaving BNC cable connected to EXT BLANKING terminal on the rear panel. Otherwise, the cable may be damaged. 3
When not in
U!>e
When not m u:.e, put the dust-proof cover on the mstrumcnt aud store 11 with care.
When the panel surface
is
stained, remove the stain in
sm1ilar way with a clean, soft cloth. When heavy stains are present, first remove the stains by w1pmg the surface lightly with a cloth moistened with diluted neutral wash When Operation is faulty Recheck the operating procedure and if problem persists. contact a nearly service station or agent. ing agent or With alc.:ohol and then wipe thoroughly with a dry cloth. When dust has accumulated on the inside, remove it by using dry brush. or by using the exhaust of a compressor or a vacuum cleaner. NOTE: When opening the case. pull out the power suppl] plug beforehand without fail When cleaning the inside, insure beforehand that no Care and repair Removal of stam from the case. When the outs1de of the case is stained. remove the stain hy first wiping 11 lightly with a cloth moistened dry cloth.
· v.ith ·
electricity remains in the condensers of the power supply circuit. Cleaning of CRT 01rty surface of CRT screen tends to cause measuring errors The screen surface becames v1sible when the bezel is remO\ ed. Remove the stains on CRT and filter by using a clean and volatile agent such as bentine and soft cloth, paying attention not to impair them. When the stain is extremely heavy. wash them with neutral
neutral washmg agent and then w1pe the surface w1th a '\ever use strongly tl mner
washing agent and then leave them stand until the moisture is removed naturally.
o
*
Use only specified fuses In order to protect the circuit against over-current, a 0.5A (in primary side of power circuit) and 2 A (in secondary side of power circuit) are used. When the fuses blow out, check thoroughly the cause. repair any faulty point present. and then replace them with specified fuses. Do not try to
If the screen is installed while it is moistened, water rings may be formed and the wavefom1 may be blurred to make observation hard. Pay attention not to leave finger prints on it.
use the fuse other than the specified ones. Otherwise, fault may be caused or danger may be invited. (Particularly. do not use a fuse different from the specified one in current
To dismount it, pull it toward you ends. pressing it at the both
capacity and in length.) The standards of the fuses are as follows.
Bcz:el
Operation precautions
*
Shape {Diameter x length) mm
2A lA 6.35cf> 6.35¢ 6.35¢
X X X
JIS type name
MF6JNM250V 2A AC MF61 M250V lA AC MF61 M250V 0.5A AC
Chec k the line voltage is in the range specified in the table below.
31.8 31.8 31.8
Rating
ACIOOV AC200V
Allowable line voltage (50/60Hz)
AC90V ACI80V 130V 260V
*
0.5A
-(negative) terminal of EXT DC I V-209 to the V-209. If not,
is inside connected to
Usually the voltage selector switch on the rear of the V-209 has been set to IOOV AC at the factory. When this is operat ed on 200AC voltage, set the selector switch to 200 V AC. (Rated voltages are marked above the power connector on the rear panel.)
case ground. Do not connect - (negative) terminal of the
+
(positive) grounded case of other instru it is very dangerous because a large current
ments with common external DC power source to the nows through the grounded line. 5
T
V-209
4.
CONTROLS AND CONNECTORS CRT
(I) Power supply and
Operating voltage and fuse
Thts model can be operated from e11her 3 100 volts or a
:!00 volts nominal line vohage source. The line voltage select switch on the rear panel, turn the instrument from
Grounded line
one operating range to the other. In addition, this switch changes the primary connections of the transformer to
Common external DC power source
allow
selection of one of two regulating ranges. Use the
following procedure to convert this instrument between normal line voltage or regulating ranges
Other intrument
a. Disconnect the instrument from the power source. b. To convert from I 00 volts nominal to :!00 volts nomi <
*
DANGEROUS CONNECT> DC IN.
nal line voltage or vice versa, remove the protector of the line voltage select switch. Change the line voltage select switch from I 00 volts to 200 volts and remounting the protector. c. Before apply the power to the mstrument, check that the indicating tabs on the rear panel.
Do not apply rever e polarities to EXT
· ·
Do not mcreasc the bnghtness too much. Your eyes rna) be steamed and the nuorescent surface of CRT may be burnt. Do not apply an excel;sive voltage. The maximum volt3ge of each input is as follows. PUT direct When xI 0 Probe E T TRIG INPUT Kl G EXT BLA 250V (DC+ peak AC 3t I kilt.)
Selection of power supply mode
is used 250V (DC+peak AC at I kilt.)
250V (DC+peak AC) SOV
This oscilloscope can make operation by using three kinds of
AC power supply, external DC power supply and A[}209bat tery pack.
(DC +peak AC)
6
The S\\ itches are set as shown in the table below to establih each power upply mode
After completing the charge of AD-209, power mode select sw1tch to DC OPE.
be
sure
to set
Switche upplylnode
Po\.1.-er so urce
select witch
Power mode
(J)
select witch IXOP
@
When the output voltage of DC power supply becomes less than II V. the power lamp 1 blmking. When the output \'Oitage 1s less than approx I0.5V. it stops the operauon to prevent the battery ovenltscharge.
t
When charging
AC
----
DC
D OP
DC
DC
t-
When mstrument is operated by uing the AD-209, refer to
chapter 5, "Battery Operation."
0 OP n When the
AD-209
IS
not used, it is possible that the
CIIARGE lamp
is
illummated by setting the Charge mode.
BATT CI-IARGC
(AD-209)
*DC II to 14V IS supphed via EXT DC I PUT connector.
Lxternal DC operation The V-209 can be operated by e'temaliX l>Ource (II to 14 volts) In tillS case, DC source IS supphcd by the attached external DC
ource cable. Connect the whtte hne of source cable to plus(+) s1de Reversing polanty connecuon may cause blow of the
fuse
D-209 and external DC source are automatically switched
by mserting the external DC source cable into EXT INPUT connector. DC
7
Front View 8
8
rJ)
Rear View 9
CD
POWER switch After checking the line voltage select switch, set POWER switch set to OFF and then connect the AC cord to AC wall socket.
(j)
Power source select switch Used to select the power sources. AC Operated with the AC power source Operated with the AD-209 or external DC power source
DC
(}) G)
POWER lamp This lamp goes on in red when the power supply is in ON state. CHARGE lamp This lamp goes on in red in the battery charge mode. When the battery is completely charged, this becomes dim.
®
Power mode select switch Used to select the power mode. See Selection of Power supply mode. Do not set the Power mode select switch to the BATT CHARGE except charging batteries.
@)
FOCUS control After obtaining an appropriate brightness by operating INTENsity,adjust FOCUS until the bright line becames clearest. Although the focus is also corrected automati cally when INTEN is rotated, the focus is sometimes slightly shifted.
®
EXT DC INPUT connector See External DC operation.
@
TRACE ROTATION control Used to align the trace of CRT with the horizontal graticule.
(2) Controls of vertical deflection system
@
@
CH 1 INPUT connector B C connector for vertical axis input
INTENsity control Works as the brightness adjustment. Brightness is increas ed by rotating INTENSsity clockwise.
The signal input to this terminal becomes the X-axis sig nal when the instrument is used as an X- Y oscilloscope.
JO
@
CH2 INPUT connector
Thr same as CHI, but when the instrument is used as an X- Y oscilloscope, the signal input to this terminal
@@
VARIABLE controls
Fine tuning device is used to vary the vertical deflection sensitivity continuously. Attenuation of less than 1/2.5 is obtained when this device is rotated in the reverse direction of the arrow to the full. This control is used when comparing wavefom1s or when measuring the rise tinle of a square wave in 2-channel observation. Normally this control is left rotated in the direction of the arrow to the full.
becomes the Y -axis signal.
@@
Input coupling switches (AC-GND- DC)
Used to select the coupling system between the input signal and vertical axis amplifier. AC At this setting. the signal is connected through a condenser. played. GND At this setting, the input to the vertical axis ampli fier is grounded. DC At this setting, the input signal is directly con nected to the vertical axis amplifier and displayed unchanged, including the DC component. The DC component of the input signal is cut off and only the AC component is dis·
@@ POSITION controls
Used to adjust the position of the vertical axis. The image rises with the clockwise rotation of this knob and falls with the counterclockwise rotation. When the knob is at PULL position, (pulled up state) the gain of the vertical axis is magnified 5 times and the maximum sensitivity becomes I mY/DIY.
@
VOLTS/DIV select switches
@
MODE select switch
Used to select the operation mode of the vertical deflec tion system. CH J Only the signal that has been applied to CHI appears on the screen. CH2 Only the signal that has been applied to CH2 ap pears on the screen. J1
A step attenuator which selects vertical deflection fac tor. Set it to an easily observable range corresponding to the amplitude of the input signal. Multiply the reading by I 0 when the I 0: I probe is used in combination with the instrument.
AL T Signals
applied
respectively
to
CHI
and
CH2
(3) Controls of horizontal deflection system
appear on the screen alternatively at each sweep. This setting is used when the sweep time is short in 2-channel observation. CHOP At this setting, the input signals applied respec and CH2 are switched at about
@
TIME/DIY lect switch Sweep time ranges are 18 steps from 0.5 psjdiv to 0.2s/ div. X-Y This position is used when using the instrument as an X- Y oscillsocope. In this position, the nected X (horizontal) signal is con to the input of
tively to CHI
250 kHz independent of the sweep and at the same time appear on the screen. This setting is used when the sweep time is long in 2-channel observation. ADD The algebraic sum of the input signals applied respectively screen .. to
CH 1 ;
·
the Y (vertical)
signal is applied to the input of CH2 and has a deflection range from less than one millivolt to 5 volts/div at a reduced band-width of200 kHz.
CHI
and CH2 appears on the
@
SWP VARiable control Works as CAL and the sweep time is calibrated to the value indicated by TIME/DIY. TIM E/DIV of sweep can be varied continuously when shaft is out of CAL position. Then the control is rotated in the direction of arrow to the full, the CAL state is produced and the sweep time is calibrated to the value indicated by TIME/DIY.
@
CH2 INV button Used to inverse the polarity of the input signal applied to
CH2. Inversion occurs in a state where the knob ( _o._ ) and restored to (
of the pushbutton is depressed
normal when the knob is in protruded state two waveforms having different polarity
_0_
in
). the
This switch is conveniently used in the comparison of or observation of the waveform of the difference signal
Counterclockwise rotation to the full delays the sweep by 2.5 times or more.
!CHI l - !CH2 I between CHI and CH2 using ADD.
@
FINE
PULL xlO MAG :::POSITION control
Used to move the bright line in horizontal directions.
12
It is indispensable to the measurement of the time of waveform. Bright line is moved toward right when the knob IS ro tated clockwise and toward left with counterclockwise rotation. The outer shaft is for coarse adjustment and the inner shaft for fine adjustment.
I
.
!
I
f-1-
ir-1 Ii
I
fy
@
x
10 MAG control I0 of umes by pulling In
; ft
!
A and B sweeps are magnified out FINE knob
(inner shaft)
POSITION.
this case, the sweep time is I /10 of by TIMEtDJV. Bring the
the v alue indicated
position of the waveform
lfI I
(4)
I
I f--+-
! t
\ --'-\
!
-
to be magnified for observation from the center of
._
the
scale by operating =::POSITION of the horizontal switch to PULL (pulled placed at the center ts The sweep time
t
axis. Next.switchxiOMAG out state). Then the waveform
;1 I
Magnified --avefom1
magnified in right and left directions.
in this case is I 0 times of the sweep speed obtained by TIME/DIV, in other words. the reading is sweep time indicated. I 10 o f the
Synchronization system SOURCE select switch U ed to select the triggering signal source A sweep. Cl l l CH The input signal applied to CHI becomes the trig gering signal The input signal ttpplied to CH2 becomes the trig· gering signal.
@
13
LINE EXT
This setting is used when observing a signal trig gering with power supply line frequency. External triggering signal applied to TRIG IN PUT becomes the triggering signal. This setting is used when triggering with a special independency of the vertical axis signal.
Explanation of synchronization level LEVEL
0
_
,_
@
f'
\
-
At the time
of(±)
SLOPE
TRIG INput connector Input terminal used for external triggering signal of A sweep.
@
TRIG LEVEL control Used to decide at which portion of the waveform
,
the sweep should be started by setting trigger level. This control is also enabled to switch SLOPE. Depressed position (nonnal state) is for <±>SLOPE and PULL position (state in which the knob is protruding) is for 8 SLOPE. Explanation of synchronization polarity SLOPE
Push at time
@
-,
+
o
At the time
ofG
-/
SLOPE
TRIG MODE select switch AUTO Brought into automatically triggering sweep
in which sweep is always conducted. In the presence of triggered signal, normal
triggered sweep is obtained and the waveform stands still. In the case of no signal or out of triggering, sweep line will appear automatically. This setting is convenient in usual cases.
of
@SLOPE
NORM
Triggered sweep is obtained and sweep is con ducted only when triggering is effected. No sweep line will appear in the case of no signal or
Pull at time
of
out
of synchronization. Use this MODE when
8
14
SLOPE
effecting synchronization to a very low fre-
quency signal (30Hz or less). TV(V) This setting is used when observing the enure vertical picture of television signal. TV(H) Th1s setting is used when observing the entire horizontal picture of television signal.
5. BATTERY OPERATION
Operation of battery pack AD- 209
I) 2)
Power mode select switch
(NOTE) Both TV V and TV H synchronize only when the synchronizmg signal is negative.
(j) to DC and the @ to DC OP. Tum on the POWER switch CD. Then the V-:!09 starts
Set the Power source select switch The continuous operation time is one hour and half. If
to operate on the power from the AD-:!09.
the battery is operated 1n excess of this period, the ter
(5) Miscellaneous
minal voltage will decrease sharply and the battery will be in the over-discharged condition. In this model, an alarm circuit will be activated before
@
EXT BLANK connector Input terminal for brightness modulation. It is of the and increases with a negative signal.
DC
the over-discharging and the POWER lamp
G) starts to
coupling. The brightness is reduced with a positive signal
Oash. In this case, charge the battery immediately. Note: When the alarm c1rcuit
IS
energized and the volt
@
CAL O.SV tip Output terminal of calibration square wave of about
age is lowered down to IO.SV, the power of the V-209 is off automatically to prevent the over discharge of the AD-209. The selection of the AD- 209 and an external nector
I kHz and O.SV. It has a tip terminal. It is used to cali
brate the probe combination.
DC
source is made by the external DC input con
@
GND terminal Earth terminal of the oscilloscope.
®.
15
Charging of battery I)
When a battery stored for an e'tended period is
an
( onne..:t the \C cord 10
AC ou tlet and set the DC 01' B\fT will stan.
used . chargr it for IS hours .
(J) CIIARGL switch @
,\(-DC swnch :::! ) Turn on the pl)>Ner
1.')
to DC and the
The hfe or the battery pack IS subject to the am bient temperature. load cond1t1on and continuous operation. Usually. the number of the charge and discharge is over 300. If a charge and discharge is made once a day. the life will be more than one year. If the life is over, the battery can not operate nom1ally. In this case. replace the battery.
to BAIT CHARGE.
swit..:h CD and the charging
In this case. the POWER lamp is not illuminated.
3)
The ( 111\RG! lamp
Q)
is be mg J!luminated dunng the
harge. II will take about IS hours until the battery i s charged completely. When the charging i s completed, the
CHARGf lamp becomes dim. 4)
When the V-109 is trickle charge mode.
o pe rated
on the AC source. while it
is connected with the AD- :::!09. the AD- 209 is in the
d)
Charge the spare battery once a month to prevent a self-discharge of the battery.
AD-209 battery pack replacement procedure Operating con ide rations
1)
Do not short the both polarities. Do not throw the battery pack into fire. a) Charge the battery 0 10 to 3S C'. hour b)
m
Disconnect the power cord.
2) a) Remove four screws on the upper enclosure, then remove the upper enclosure (Refer to the Fig. a). Remove the screws and the plate shown in the Fig.b. b) Disconnect the connecwrs between the battery
the ambient temperature from
Do not charge the battery for three days or 4g in succession. This will shorten the life of the battery. Store the battery pack in a cool and dark place and in the ambient temperature from -IS to 35°C.
pack and the oscilloscope and take out the batte ry pack AD-209. c) Install the new battery pack AD-209 to the com partment as shown.
16
------
Then connect the battery pack connector to the connector of the oscilloscope. d) e) Mount the plate with screws. Fix the upper enclosure on the oscilloscope with four screws. Upper enclosure
,
6.
HOW TO PRODUCE THE BRIGHT LINE
Before turning 0 the POWER switch. insure the power
supply voltage is within the range of 90-J30V for AC IOOV set. 180 260V for AC 200V set. Insert the plug of the power cord on the rear panel into the power supply wall socket and set the controls as follows.
Fig. a POWER IN TEN FOCUS AC-GND-DC I POSITION V. MODE Bauery Fig. b TRIG TRIG SOURCE TIME/DIY ::: POSITION OFF Counterclockwise to the full M1drange GND Midrange {the knob is left depressed )
(Ill
AUTO CHI 0.5 ms/div Midrange
I
Ba ucry pack AD-209
Battery pack fi,ing
crew
Set all the levers of the switches to the upper side. After ending all the setting mentioned above. turn 0 the POWER and. 15 second later, rotate the INTEN knob clock wise. Then the sweep bright line will appear. If the observation is to be started immediately. set the FOCUS control at a point where the bright line is sharpest. 17
When mounting the battery pack AD-209, take care not to damage the connecting cables and components.
If the instrument is not used with the power supply turned on. rotate the I TENsity counterclockwise to reduce the brightness and also blur the FOCUS. NOTE For usual observation, leave the following non-calibrating function section set to ''CAL" position. VARIABLE Rotate in the direction of arrow. In this case, the VOLTS/DIV is calibrated to its indicating value. SWP VAR Leave the knob in depressed state. In this case, the TIME/DIV is calibrated to its indicating value.
GENERAL MEASUREMENT (I) I n the case of observing a single waveform. Use CHI or CH2 when not observing the phase difference between two waveforms or when engaging in a operation other than X- Y operation. Make the following settings when using CHI . MODE Switch of Vertical defection system MODE Switch of TRIG TRIG SOURCE CHI AUTO CHI
Under these settings, almost all the repetitive signals of about 30 Hz or more applied to CHI can be synchro nized and observed by adjusting TRIG LEVEL. Since the MODE of horizontal axis is at AUTO position, the
Align the bright line with the horizontal scale line at the center of the screen by operating CH J POSIT ION. In some cases, the bright line may be oblique to the scale slightly by the effect of earth magnetism. In this case. bring the bright line until it lies on the horizontal scale line at the center of the screen by properly adjusting the semi- Gxed variable resistor TRACE ROTATION on the front panel.
bright line appears even when no signal is present or when input coupling switch is at GND position. This means that the measurement of DC voltage can be measured. The following switching is needed when observing low fre quency signals of about 30 Hz or less. MODE of TRIG ORM
Synchronization can be effected by operating LEVER knob under this setting. When using only CH2, use the instrument after making the following settings.
18
MODE Switch of Vertical Axis TRIG OURCE
CH2 CH2
7.
METHOD FOR CONNECTING SIGNALS
The first step of measurement is to introduce the signal
(2)
When observing two wavefonns
wavefom1S can be made easily by
Observation of two
desired to measure to the oscilloscope properly. Do it with utmost care.
setting the MODE switch of vertical axis to ALT or CHOP. When observing two wavefonns of high repetition frequen cies, set the MODE switch to ALT and, in the case of low frequencies, set it to CHOP. Measurement of the phase difference is per formed after effecting synchronization with leading phase signal.
(I)
When using a probe
Use the attached probe, AT- I 0 AK I .5, when measuring a high frequency wave with high accuracy.
It should be noted, however, that since the input signal is attenuated by this probe to 1/10 before it is input to the oscilloscope, the use of the probe is disadvantageous for low signals, and that at the same time, the measuring range is extended by that amount for high signals.
(3) When observing wavefonn with X- Y
Set the MODE switch of vertical defection system to CH2 (X- Y) and TIM E/DIV switch to X- Y. Then the instrument works as an X- Y oscilloscope. Each input is applied to the instrument as follows. X-axis signal (horizontal axis signal) CHI INPUT CH2 INPUT
o Do not apply a signal which exceeds 250V (DC+ peak AC at I kHz).
o
Y-axis signal (vertical axi signal)
In this case.leave the horizontal axis magnification switch (PULL-MAG
x
10 inner shaft knob) at depressed position.
Bring the grounding point of the earth lead wire of the probe close to the point to be measured when measur ing a rapid rising signal or a high frequency signal. Long earth lead wire may cause wavefonn distortions such as ringing and overshoot.
19
Connection of earth lead wire
If the wavefonn is as shown in Fig. (b) or Fig. (c), rotate the semiftxed adjusting screw on the matching box of the probe by using a screwdriver until the opti mum state is obtained.
L
(a) A good example (b) A bad example
Capacitance correction trimmer
JliUlJ1 MJUl MM
(a) Optimum
(b) Capacity too small (c) Capacity too large
For better measurement. it is required to use an earth attachment available at option. Multiply the reading of VOLTS DIY by 10. For example. if the VOLTS/DIY ts SOmV/DIV. then read the wavefonn as SOmV/DIV
x
(2) At time of direct connection
When connecting a signal directly to the oscilloscope not usmg the attached probe surement error.
o
AT-10
AK 1.5 (I O· 1 ), pay atten
tion to the following points in order to minimize the mea
10
=
SOOmV/DIV
When perfonning observation using a bare lead wire, no trouble occurs on the circuit to be measured at low impedance and high level. However. note that, in most cases. measurement error may be caused by static stray coupling with other circuit and power line. This measurement error cannot be ignored even in low frequency region.
o To avoid measurement error, put the probe in the follow ing correction state and check it before measurement without fail. Connect the tip of the probe to the output tenninal CAL O.SV of I kHz calibration square wave voltage. When this correction capacity value is at optimum, the wavefonn takes the shape as shown in Fig. (a) as follows. 20
In general. tt
tS safe
to avoid measunng with non
a capacity of about I 00 pF per meter. its effect on the circutt to be measured cannot be ignored. Use a probe to minimize the cffection the circuit. When the length of the shield wire is used or when the length of the non-terminated cable reaches I 4 wave length or its multiples within the band of V-:!09 type (I 4 wave length is about 3 meter when using a coaxial cable at
shielded connecting wire. When using a shieldmg wire, connect one end of the shield to the earth terminal of the oscilloscope and the other end to the grounding of the circuit to be measured. It is deirable to use a coaxtal cable with
B C type connector.
The following cautions must be observed when per forming a wide band measurement. It ts necessary to terminate with the characteristic impedance of the cable when measuring a rapid nsing waveform or a high fre quency wave. Especially when using a long cable. the absence of
a
}0 MHz), oscillation may be caused near 5 mV
DIY range. This is caused by the resonance between the externally connected high-0 inductance and the input capacity and can be avoided by reducing
the Q. I n reststor, or
terminating resistor will necessarily lead to a measure ment error derived from ringing phenomenon. Some measunng circutls require a term mating reststor equal to the charactensttc unpedance of the cable also on the measurement terminal stde.
Connect the cable or shield wire to the input connector by way of a senally connected I OOU to perform measurement at other VOLT/DIY range.
B C type terminating reststor (50 Q) ts conveniently
used for this purpose. c In order to perform measurement with the measuring circuit put in proper operating state, it is sometimes necessary to terminate the cable with an impedance which corresponds to the circuit to be measured. o The stray capacity of the shield wire must be taken in 10 account when performing measurement with a long shield wire. Since the shield wire normally in use has 21
8.
MEASURING PROCEDURE
DC voltage (after shifting) The first things to do are as follows. o Bring the brightness and FOCUS at optimum positions for easy read out.
Display the waveform as large as possible to minimiLe the read error. Check the capacity correction when using a probe. Zero level (reference line)
(Refer to paragraph (I) "When using a probe" of Sec tion 7. "Method for connecting signals" for correcting capacity.) (2} AC voltage measurement D and decide the zero level prop The same as paragraph 8
(I) DC voltage measurement
Set input coupling to G erly. Set VOLTS/DIV appropriately and set AC-G D-DC to DC. Since the bright line shifts here by the amount of DC voltage, the DC voltage of the signal can be obtained by multiplying the shift width by the indicated value of VOLTS/DIV. SO mV/DIV
x
(1).
"DC voltage measurement",
but here there is no need of align the zero level with the scale line. Set the zero level to the position that can be easily observed. In the drawing as follows, VOLTS/DIV is IV/DIY, IV/ DIY
x
S
=
S Vp-p (SOVp-p at time using the probe AT-
When 4.2
=
VOLTS/DIY is
50 mV/DIV, then
10 AK 1.5(10: 1)). When magnifying and observing a small amplitude signal, superimposing on a high DV voltage, set the input coupling to AC. The DC voltage is cut off and AC voltage can be observed by increasing sensitivity.
210mV (However, if the probe AT4.2 10
10 AK I .S (10:1) is in use, the true value of the signal be comes 10 times of the value, or SO mV/DIV
=
x
x
2.1V.)
/f\ r - - - - ff\ -1\ I 1\ \17 1\ H--+-- - ---f--t-1-t-+---+-_+=1_
(3)
Measurement
T\- II\ 71\ 7 1\ 1/ f/ l rr . , u I- - - - -- Time A Time B
I-- 1 +- -- -I- --- . * ·
I\II \v
-lh__:
I-
1 -
of frequency and period
(4) Measurement of time difference
Triggering signal source
This will be explained with the following figure. One period covers the time A and time B, which are sepa rated from each other by 2.0 DIY on the screen. When the sweep time is
''SOURCE"
is selected as an offer
ing reference signal when measuring the time difference be tween two signals. Assume that pulse trains as shown in (a). Then (b) shows the case when
I ms/DIY,
the period is given by 10-3
CHI
is taken as the triggering
1 ms/DIV x 2.0 = 2.0 ms =2.0 Accordingly, the frequency is 1/(2.0
X X S
signal source and (c) the case where CH I
3 J0- )= 500Hz
I I
CH2
is taken.
(However, when the knob MAG x!O is at pulled out posi tion, TIME/DIY must be converted to I /10 since the sweep is magnified.)
CH2
-
(a)
I I I -_I
H ,-+-C:..:...:.. .:::. I __ _
CH2
(b)
(c) 23
This means that CHI is used as the triggering signal when investigating the length of time by which the signal of CH2 is delayed from the signal of CH 1. CH2 is used in the reversed case. In other words, the signal leading in phase is selected as the triggering signal source. If this process is reversed, the portion to be measured may sometimes not appear on the screen. Thereafter, equalize the amplitudes of the two signals appearing on the screen or superimpose one on another. Read the time difference between 50% amplitude points of the two signals. Sometimes the superimposing method is more convenient from the point of view of procedure. (5)
period, pay the same attention as given to high frequency signals when handling it. Accordingly, use a probe or coax ial cable and shorten the earth lead wire as much as possible.
Measurement of rise (fall) time
To measure the rise time, pay attention not only to the
abovementioned items but also to measurement error. The following equation is provided for the relation among the rise time Trx of the wavefom1 to be measured, the rise time Trs of oscilloscope, and the rise time Tro displayed on the screen. Tro
=../ Trx2
+
Trs2
When the rise time of the pulse going to be measured is sufficiently longer than the rise time of the oscilloscope
Time
=>
- ---- J _-:;-
"'
difference
amplitudes
it -'
(17.Sns in our case),the effect of the rise time of the oscil loscope on the measurement can be neglected. However, if both are close to each other, measurement error may be caused. (b) Suerposition
measuring method
Equalize
by VAR The true rise time is given by Trx
=
( a) Equal amplitude measuring method
.../ Tro2 - Trs2
Since the pulsed wave contains many high-frequency wave components (higher harmonics) depending on its width or 24
Moreover, in general, in a circuit free from waveform dis tortion such as overshoot and sag, the following relation ship is established between frequency band and rise time.
fc Where,
x
tr
=
0.35 (s)
f c: Frequency band (Hz) tr: Rise time
\TC\ 7\ h/"'- 0\ / p=
v
. .
Y'
Trigger level
J .......,.
L
y
Lting line
(a) Signal waveform
The rise time and fall time are determined by the time elapsed between the I 0'1 to 9Qc,r \'alues of pulse width. (b) When the uiggc r ...:ning level · Y (c) When the uigger selling level i' y·
(6) Synchronization of complexed waveform
In the case shown in the Fig. (a) below where two wave forms have difference in amplitude alternate. the wave form is doubled if the trigger level is not set properly. In the case where the trigger level is selected as Y line two waveforms. one starting with A and advancing to B. C. D, E. F .... and the other starting ith E and advancing to F,
Synchronization of complexed waveform
(7) How to use TV exclusive synchronization
CD
On the image waveform of TV In the work concerned w1th TV. comple:-.ed signals con taining video signal. blanking pedestal signal. and syn chronizing s1gnal are often measured. llowever, since the waveform is complexed, a special circuit IS needed 10 effect a stable syncrhonization with vertical waveform.
G. H, I .... will appear alternately on the screen. They
will be doubled as shown in Fig. (b), for which no synchro nization can be taken. In such a case, rotate LEVEL clockwise until the trigger level comes to Y' line. Then the waveform on the screen be comes the one shown in F1g. (c) B and advances to C, E. r, . niLation.
. .
above wh1ch starts with
and which allows synchro
Synchronizing signal pulse (SYNC pulse)
IV (vertical) ------
25
Q)
Difference in the circuits
Exclusive circuit for this Exclusive circuit for conventional oscillograph instrument (Principle drawing) General circuit Simple synchronizing circuit TV exclusive synchronizing separator circuit
Video ignal
To trigger circuit
To trigger circuit
To trigger cucuit
Hard
to
synchronize, because
Synchronization is effected shown signal is than at in
more easily the circuit the
After picking up the SY C pulse, the vertical synchronization is separated. Then, the stable syn chronization is obtained.
video signal is applied directly as trigger signal.
left,
because
integrated
to remove
high frequency components.
26
Q)
Operation
9.
ADJUSTMENTS
The ATT balance of the '-Crtkal "''scan be made easily.
Qj
l V- V MODI: fV-11
ct the input couphng \Htchc the bright line to the center.
of C Ill .tiiJ
CH
to
G:-.:D and set the TRIG MODI to \L ro. 1hen posn10n Turn the VOLTS DIY switch to SmV IOmV and ad
JUSt it so that the bnght line does not move (Remove the cover).
[!RIG) MODI
( Oll )
,TRJCJ
lim O\tlllmcopc ,ynchronizc \\llh only
(-) ,ym;hronum)! \l!!nal.
(REFERENCE) CHI DC B-\L
Video tgnal Synchronizmg signal (a) Example of(-) synchronizing signal (b) Example of(+} synchronizing signal -\dJU'tm.:nt
l..:::.. --l-./
o
, ...
1 0.
MAINTENANCE
Since semiconductors, precJsJon components, etc. are employed in this oscilloscope, use atmost care for opera tion and storage.
11.
SPECIFICATIONS
I)
!CRT!
Type 3.5-inch rectangular
2)
3)
Clean the scale with soft tissue periodically. Store this oscilloscope in the ambient temperature from -15 to +60°C (except for the battery pack AD-209) .
CRT with internal graticule.
Phospho
r
P31 standard Graticule 8
x
10 div (div
=
6.85 mm)
Internal graticule Focussing Possible (with automatic focus correction circuit) Trace rotation Brightness adjustment Present Possible
I Z-AXIS INPUT (INTENSITY MODULATIO@
DC-coupled, SVp-p signal positive-going signal decreases intensity: intensity: DC to l MHz Input impedance causes noticeable modulation at normal
Approximately 50 k ohm
28
Maximum input voltage Coupling
SOV (DC + peak AC) DC
Input impedance 1 MS1 ±1.5c;( in parallel with 30 ±3pF
VERTICAL DEFLECTION SYSTEM (2 identichannet
S}]
Maximum input voltage
Bandwidth and rise time DC to at least 20 MHz and rise time 17.5 ns or less. DC to at least 5 MHz and rise time 70ns or less at magnifier extends. The AC coupled lower -3dB point is I 0 Hz or less.
Deflection factor
250V (DC+ peak
Input coupling
AC') or SOOVp-p A(' at IkHz or less
AC,GND. DC
LHORIZONTAL DEFLECTION SYSTEM]
Time base
SmV/div to SV/div in 10 calibrated steps in a
I 2 5
O.Sps/div to 0.2s/div in 18 calibrated steps in a
seq u ence
sequence. Uncalibrated continuous control extends de flection factor to at least 12.5 Volts per division in the
.
I
2
5
Uncalibrated continuous control extends de
flection factor to at least 0.5 seconds per division in the 0.2 sec/div position. sweep rate to 50ns/div.
Accuracy
5
Volts/div position. xS MAG increases sensitivity of
xI 0
MAG extends maximum
each deflection factor setting to I mV/div.
Accuracy
±3% (+10 to +35°C) Additional error for magnifier ±2%
Display modes
±3% (+IO to +35°C) AdditionaJ error for magnifier ±2%
[TRIGGERING SYSTEM!
(normal or invert), Alternate, Chopped
Trigger modes
CHI, CH2
(approximate 250kHz), Added
Automatic, Normal, TV (TV-H orTV-V)
29
Trigger source Internal (ChI. Ch2), Lmc, l:.:
External trigger input impedance
I ·.H'2 ±20 · m parallel with 30 ±6pF
Maximum input voltage
250V (DC+
1\C
pe ali.)
TV(-) Triggering level variable range
Internal: ±4
fX- Y OPERATION (CHI; Horiz. CH2. Vert
Deflection factor
Same as vertical tlencction
div or
more
External, approximately± IV
Accuracy
Y ±3% (+10 to +3'0C) X: ±Srr,. (+10 to +30C) Additional error for m agni fier ±2"'
Triggering sensitivity and frequency
X- bandwidth
DC to at least 5001i.llt
Phase error TV-V sen ithit)< AUTO lo"' band A trigger coupling
Af JO
·
SY'\(
scctton less than 0.7 dtv or 200mV
3°f or Jess from Df to I OOJ...II1
Appro\tm:uely JOH1
CALIBRATOR An approxtmatc I kilt frequency O.SV (+I 0 square
wave
20 II; to full
bandwidth
I POWER SUPPLY I
VOLTAGE {S0/60Hz) I OOV (90 130V) 200V (180-260V) Power supply frequency: Power consumption: EXT DC power supply: ' ENVIRONMENT SO, 60, 400Hz Approx. 18W
DC II V - 14Y Approx. 0.8A
Approx. 4.5 kg (10 lbs)
FUSE lA O.SA
joptionI
Accessory pouch
Hood Shoulder belt
IAD- 209 type Battery
Batteries I 0 rechargeable A nickel-cadmium cells
I
35 85%
Nominal capacity Nominal voltage
1800 mAh 12V
Limit of operation temperature Limit of operation humidity Rated range of use temperature Rated range of use humidity Storage and transport temperature
fDIMENSIONS AND WEIGHT
Battery execessive discharge protection Instrument operation automatically interruped when
45-85% ° -20-+70 C
battery charge drops to approximately J O.SY. Charge current Charge time Approx. 180 rnA 13-16 hours for full charge
I
x x
Approx.
215(W) (8.6(W)
x
II O(H) 4.4(H)
330(0) mm 6.4(0) inch) 31
x
1 2. EXTERNAL VIEW
...... .. ·
· 00 000000
0
32
TOP
YiC\
SIDE view
0 ··
UniL:
mm
'10DEL
V- 209
14. OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES Shoulder belt
1. Check the following parts packed along with the should er belt (No. 8101) in the Polybag. a) b) c) d) 2. Binding screw M3 x 6 (Code XCA6306) Triangle clasp (0#8301104) . . . .. . . .. .. . .. Two pieces Two pieces Clasp (D#x8301102) . . .. . . .. . . ... . Four pieces
I) 2)
Mount the triangle band clasps on the positions shown in the figure, using the screws a). Then, hang the clasp mounted across the shoulder belt (No. 810 1) into the triangle clasps mounted as 1).
Accessory pouch Mount the accessory pouch to the model V- 209 oscilloscope.
I)
Insert the edge body
Belt (D#x876416) ................ One piece
(!)·.
Q)
of the accessory pouch into the
2)
Bend the accessory pouch and insert the section
Mounting To carry the model V- 209 oscilloscope with the should er belt hanged up, execute the hooking of the shoulder belt (No. 8101) as follows.
G)·.
Q) into
42