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Printed in USA March 2000
Programmer's Guide
HP 8719D/20D/22D Network Analyzer
F!! HEWLETT
PACKARD
Bl?RtrtNo. 08720-90293 Supersedes October
PrintedinUSA February 1999
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III
How to Use This Guide
The Example Programs Disks
The example programs shipped with this instrument were originally written for the HP 8753D
Network Analyzer, but are compatible with the HP 8719D/20D/22D Network Analyzer. ln order
to maintain compatibility with the HP 8719D/20D/22D, it will be necessary to modify certain
example programs . The example programs that need modification are clearly identifled in
Chapter 2, "HP BASE Programming Examples."
The following is included with the "Programming Examples HP BASE disk:
w HP BASE example programs (compatible with Rocky Mountain Basic)
n IJF to DC% ille-transformation utility, "LlFXMXEXE"
The following is included with the "Programming Examples QuickC and QuickBASW disk:
n QuickC example programs
n QuickBASlC example programs
Programming Documentation
This Programmer's Guide consists of the following two chapters:
n HP-IB Programming and Command Reference provides a reference for operation of the
network analyzer under HP-lB control and provides a description of all HP-lB mnemonica
w IIP BASIC Programming Faamples provides documentation for the factory-tested HP BASK
example programs (which offer solutions for several remotely-controlled analyzer processes).
The programming examples have only been documented for HP BASE in Chapter 2. However,
if the programming language QuickC or QuickBASE is preferred, these versions of the
programming examples can be used or modified while referring to Chapter 2, "HP BASE
Programming Examples" as an overall guide in determining the organization and logic of the
programs
Conventions
Front-Panel Ke3 This represents a key physically located on the instrument.
This represents a "softkey," a key whose label is determined by the
instrument's ilrmware.
Screen Text This represents text displayed on the instrument's screen.
Network Analyzer Documentation Set
The Installation and Quick Start Guide
familiarizes you with the network analyzer's
front and rear panels, electrical and
environmental operating requirements, as well
as procedures for installing, configuring, and
verifying the operation of the analyzer.
The User's Guide shows how to make
measurements, explains commonly-used
features, and tells you how to get the most
performance from your analyzer.
The Quick Reference Guide provides a
summary of selected user features
The Frogrammer's Guide provides
programming information including an HP-IB
programming and command reference as well
as programming examples
The Service Guide provides the information
needed to adjust, troubleshoot, repair, and
verify conformance to published specifications
V
Contents
1. HP-IB Pro@amming and Commaand Reference
Where to Look for More Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-2
Preset State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-3
Analyzer Command Syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-8
Code Naming Convention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-8
Valid Characters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-9
units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-9
Command Formats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-9
General Structure: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-9
Syntax Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-10
HP-IB Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-11
Device Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-11
T&Iker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-11
Listener . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-11
Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-11
HP-IB Bus Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12
DataBus.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12
Handshake Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12
Control Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12
HP-II3 Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-13
HP-IB Operational Capabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-14
HP-IB Status Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-15
Bus Device Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-15
System-Controller Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-16
Talker/Listener Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-16
Pass-Control Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-16
Analyzer Bus Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-16
Setting HP-IB Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-17
Response to HP-IB Meta-Messages (IEEE-488 Universal Commands) . . . . . . 1-17
Abort . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-17
Device Clear. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-17
Local.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-17
Local Lockout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-18
ParaIIel PoII . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-18
Pass Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-18
Remote . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-18
SerialPoll . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-18
Trigger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-18
Analyzer Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-19
Operation Complete . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-19
Reading Analyzer Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-20
Output Queue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-20
Command Query . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-20
Identification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-20
Output syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-20
Marker data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-21
Contents-l
Array-Data Formats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-23
Trace-Data Transfers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-24
Stimulus-Related Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-25
Data-Processing Chain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-26
DataArrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-26
Fast Data Transfer Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-28
Data Levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-28
Learn String and Calibration-Kit String . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-29
Error Reporting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-30
Status Reporting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-30
The Status Byte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-32
The Event-Status Register and Event-Status Register B . . . . . . . . . . . . l-32
Error Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-34
Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-34
Disk File Names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-37
Using Key Codes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-38
Key Select Codes for the Network Analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-39
HP-IB only Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-62
Alphabetical Mnemonic Listing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-69
2. ErP BASIC Programm ing Examples
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-l
Required Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
Optional Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
System Setup and HP-II3 Verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
HP 8719D/20D/22D Network Analyzer Instrument Control Using BASIC . . . . . 2-5
Command Structure in BASIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
Command Query . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
Running the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
Operation Complete . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
Running the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
Preparing for Remote (HP-IB) Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
OPaths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10
Measurement Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11
Step1.SettingUptheInstrument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11
Step 2. Calibrating the Test Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11
Step 3. Connecting the Device under `I&t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12
Step 4. `&king the Measurement Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12
Step 5. Post-Processing the Measurement Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12
Step 6. Transferring the Measurement Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12
BASIC Programming Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13
Program Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14
Analyzer Features Helpful in Developing Programming Routines . . . . . . . 2-14
Analyzer-Debug Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14
User-ControIIable Sweep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14
Example 1: Measurement Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15
Example 1A: Setting Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15
Running the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16
Example 1B: Verifying Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18
Running the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-19
Example 2: Measurement Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-20
Calibration Kits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-20
Example 2A: Sll l-Port Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-21
Running the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-23
Example 2B: FuII 2-Port Measurement Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-23
ContelIts-2
Running the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-26
Example 2C: Adapter Removal Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-27
Running the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-28
Example 2D: Using Raw Data to Create a Calibration (Simmcal) . . . . . . . . 2-29
Running the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-34
Example 2E: `Ihke4 - Error Correction Processed on an External PC . . . . . 2-36
Overview.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-36
Using the `lake4 Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-36
Programming Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-37
Running the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-42
Example 3: Measurement Data Transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-43
Trace-Data Formats and Transfers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-43
Example 3A: Data Transfer Using Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244
Running the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-45
Example 3B: Data Transfer Using FORM 4 (ASCII Transfer) . . . . . . . . . . 2-46
Running the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248
Example 3C: Data Transfer Using Floating-Point Numbers . . . . . . . . . . 2-49
Running the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-50
Example 3D: Data Transfer Using Frequency-Array Information . . . . . . . 2-51
Running the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-53
Example 3E: Data Transfer Using FORM 1, Internal-Binary Format . . . . . . 2-54
Running the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-55
Example 4: Measurement Process Synchronization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-56
Status Reporting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-56
Example4A:UsingtheErrorQueue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-57
Running the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-58
Example 4B: Generating Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-59
Running the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-61
Example 4C: Power Meter Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-62
Running the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-65
Example 5: Network Analyzer System Setups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-66
Saving and Recalling Instrument States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-66
Example5A:UsingtheLeamSlring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-66
Running the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-67
Example 5B: Reading Calibration Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-68
Running the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-70
Example 5C: Saving and Restoring the Analyzer Instrument State . . . . . . . 2-71
Running the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-73
Example 6: Limit-Line lbsting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-74
Using List-Frequency Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-74
Example 6A: Setting Up a List-Frequency Sweep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-74
Running the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-76
Example 6B: Selecting a Single Segment from a Table of Segments . . . . . . 2-77
Running the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-79
UsingLimitLinestoPerformPASS/FAIL'Ibsts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-79
Example6C:SettingUpLimitLines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-80
Running the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-82
Example 6D: Performing PASS/FAIL Tests While Ttming . . . . . . . . . . . 2-83
Running the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-85
Example 7: Report Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-86
Example 7Al: Operation Using Talker/Listener Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-86
Running the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-87
Example 7A2: Controlling Peripherals Using Pass-Control Mode . . . . . . . . 2-88
Running the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-90
Example 7A3: Printing with the Serial Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-91
Cont4mts3
Running the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-92
Example 7B: Plotting to a File and Transferring File Data to a Plotter . . . . . 2-93
Running the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-94
Utilizing PC-Graphics Applications Using the Plot File . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-95
Example 7C: Reading ASCII Disk Files to the Instrument Controller's Disk File 2-96
Running the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-99
Example 8: Mixer Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-100
Example 8A: Comparison of Two Mixers - Group Delay, Amplitude or Phase . 2-100
Running the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-103
Limit Line and Data Point Special Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-104
Overview.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-105
Example Display of Limit Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-107
Limit Segments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-108
Output Results. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-109
Constants Used Throughout This Document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-110
OutputLimitTbstPass/FaiIStatusPerLimitSegment . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-111
Output Pass/FhiI Status for AR Segments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-112
Example Program of OUTPSEGAF Using BASIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-112
OutputMinimumandMaximumPointPerLimitSegment . . . . . . . . . . . 2-114
Output Minimum and Maximum Point For AII Segments . . . . . . . . . . . 2-115
Example Program of OUTPSEGAM Using BASIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-116
Output Data Per Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-117
OutputDataPerRangeofPoints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-118
OutputLimitPass/I%IbyChannel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-119
Index
contents-4
Figures
l-l. HP-IB Bus Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12
l-2. Analyzer Single Bus Concept . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-15
l-3. FORM 4 (ASCII) Data-Transfer Character String . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-21
l-4. The Data-Processing Chain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-27
l-5. Status Reporting Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-30
l-6. Key Codes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-38
2-l. The HP 8719D/20D/22D Network Analyzer System with Controller . . . . . . 2-3
2-2. Status Reporting Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-56
2-3. Connections: Comparison of Two Mixers - Group Delay, Amplitude or Phase . 2-100
24.LimitSegmentsVersusLimitLines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-107
YIhbles
O-l. Hewlett-Packard Sales and Service Offices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...
l-l. Preset Conditions (1 of 5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:
l-2. Code Naming Convention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-8
l-3. OPC-compatible Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-19
14. UnitsasaFunctionofDisplayFormat. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-22
l-5. HP 8719D/20D/22D Network Analyzer Array-Data Formats . . . . . . . . . . l-24
l-6. Status Bit Dell&ions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-31
l-7. Status Bit Defmitions (Continued) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-32
l-8. Relationship between Calibrations and Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-35
l-9. Error Coefficient Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-36
l-10. Disk File Names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-37
l-11. Key Select Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-9
1-12. HP-LB only Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-62
2-l. Additional BASIC 6.2 Programming Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-l
2-2. Additional HP-IB Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-l
2-3. Measurement Speed: Data Output and Error Correction to an External PC* . . 2-37
2-4. HP 8719D/20D/22D Network Analyzer Array-Data Formats . . . . . . . . . . 246
2-5. Limit Line and Data Point Special Functions Commands . . . . . . . . . . . 2-105
2-6. Limit Segment Table for Figure 2-3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-108
2-7. Example Output: OUTPSEGAM (min/max of all segments) . . . . . . . . . . 2-109
2-8. Pass/FaiI/NoLimit Status Constants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-110
2-9. MinMaxlbstConstants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-110
2-10. Example Output: OUTPSEGAF (pass/fail for all segments) . . . . . . . . . . 2-112
2-11. Example Output: OUTPSEGM (min/max per segment) . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-114
2-12. Example Output: OUTPSEGAM (min/max for ail segments) . . . . . . . . . . 2-115
2-13. Example Output: OUTPDATP (data per point) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-117
2-14. Example Output: OUTPDATPR (data per range of points) . . . . . . . . . . . 2-118
Contents-5
1
HP-IB Programming and Command Reference
This chapter is a reference for operation of the network analyzer under HP-IB control. You
should already be familiar with making measurements with the analyzer. Information about the
HP-IB commands is organized as follows:
n Analyzer Command Syntax
q Code Naming Convention
q Valid Characters
0 units
q Command Formats
w HP-IB Operation
q Device Types
q HP-IB Bus Structure
q HP-H3 Requirements
q HP-IB Operational Capabilities
q Bus Device Modes
o Setting HP-IB Addresses
q Response to HP-IB Met&Messages (IEEE-488 Universal Commands)
n Analyzer Operation-Complete Commands
n Reading Analyzer Data
0 Output Queue
q Command Query
Output syntax
q Marker Data
q Array-Data Formats
q Trace-Data Transfers
q Stimulus-Related Values
n Data Processing Chain
q Data Arrays
q Fast Data Transfer Commands
q Data Levels
q Learn String and Calibration Kit String
HP-M Programming and Command Reference l-1
n Error Reporting
q Status Reporting
q The Status Byte
q The Event-Status Register and Event-Status Register B
q Error Output
n Calibration
w Disk File Names
n Using Key Codes
n Key Select Codes Arranged by Front-Panel Hardkey
n HP-II3 Only Commands
n Alphabetical Mnemonic Listing
For information about manual operation of the analyzer, refer to the HP 87190Z?O0Z!,W
Network Analyzer User's Gwid.e.
Where to Look for More Information
Additional information covering many of the topics discussed in this chapter is located in the
following:
n Tutorial &script&m. of the Hewlett-mhrd Interlface Bus, presents a description and
discussion of all aspects of the HP-IB. A thorough overview of ail technical details as a broad
tutorial HP publication, HP part number 5021-1927.
n IlZEEStundurd Digital I-w for Programmable InstmLmentation ANSMEEEstd
488.1-1987 contains detailed information on IEEE488 operation. Published by the Institute
of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc, 345 East 47th Street, New York,
New York 10017.
n Chapter 2, "HP BASIC programming examples," includes programming examples in
HP BASIC.
l-2 HP-16 Programming and Command Reference
Preset State
When the m key is pressed, the analyzer reverts to a known state called the factory preset
state. This state is defined in `Ihble l-l.
When line power is cycled, or the IPreset key pressed, the analyzer performs a self-test routine.
Upon successful completion of that routine, the instrument state is set to the conditions shown
in `lhble l-l. The same conditions are true following a "PRES;" or "RST;" command over HP-IB,
although the self-test routines are not executed.
You also can configure an instrument state and dellne it as your user preset state:
1. Set the instrument state to your desired preset conditions.
2. Save the state (save/recall menu).
3. Rename that register to "UPRESET".
4. press m `~~~~~~~~.
:-. . . ._. .......i. . . . _. . . . . . . . . . . . ..G..._.. <The w key is now toggled to the @$&.. selection and your defined instrument state will be
recalled each time you press w and when you turn power on. You can toggle back to the
factory preset instrument state by pressing Ipreset] and selecting .:~~~~~~..
.- . _. . . . . . . _ -..- . _.
Note When you send a preset over HP-IB, you will always get the factory preset.
You can, however, activate the user-delined preset over HP-IB by recalling the
register in which it is stored.
HP-IB Programming and Command Reference 13
lhble l-l. Preset Conditions (1 of 5)
Preset Conditions Preset Valne Preset Cm~ditions Preset Value
Analyzer Mode Start Power -10.0 dBm
(HP 8719D/20D, Opt. 007)
Analyzer Mode Network Analyzer Mode
Start Power -20.0 dBm
Frequency Offset Off (BP 871QD/20D, Opt. 400)
(Opt. 089)
Start Power -20.0 dBm
Offset Value OH2
(HP 8722D)
High Power (Opt. 085)
Start Power -15.0 dBm
External R Channel Off (HP 8722D, Opt. 007)
Attenuator A OdB start Power -25.0 dBm
(HF' 8722D, Opt. 400)
Attenuator B OdB
Power Span 20 dB
(HP 8719DLZOD)
stimnllls conditioM Power Spau 15 dB
(HP 8722D)
S=ep Type Linear Frequency
Coupled Power On
Step Sweep Off
Source Power On
Step Sweep (Opt. 085) on
Coupled Channels On
Display Mode t3t.EZt/stop
Coupled Port Power On
TriggerType cOntinuouf4
Power Range Auto; Range 0
ExternalTrigger Off
Power Range Auto; Range 1
Sweep Time 100 ms, Auto Mode
@Pt. 400)
Start Frequency 6oMHz
Number of Points 201
stop Frequency 13.51 GHz
(HP 871QD)
Fhqnency List
Stop Frequency 20.05 GHz
(HF' 8720D) Frequency List Empty
Stop Frequency 40.05 GHz Edit Mode St=WfiP,
[HP 8722D) Number of Points
StartTime 0 Reaponae conditionB
TimeSpan 1OOmS Parameter channel 1: Sll;
CW Frequency 1GHz Channel 2: s21;
l&t Port Power 6dBm Channel 3: 512;
(HP 871QD/ZOD)
Channel4: 522
Test Port Power 10 dBm
[HP 8719D/`20D, Opt. 007) Conversion off
T&t Port Power OdBm Format Log Magnitude
(HP 8719D/20D, Opt. 400) (all parameters)
Test Port Power -10 dBm Display Data
(HF' 8722D) Color Selections Same a8 before LpTeset)
l&t Port Power -6 dBm DualChannel Off
(HP 8722D, Opt. 007)
Active Channel Channel 1
Start Power -15.0 dBm
[HP 871QD/2OD)
14 HP4B Programming and Command Reference
`Ihble 12-3. Preset Conditions (2 of 5)
Preset Conditions Pretzet Value Preset Conditions Preset Value
kequency Blank Disabled Power Loss Correction Off
Retrace Power Standard Sensor A/B A
!lkst Set Switch Continuous InterpoIated Error on1
`l&t Set Switch (Opt. 007 Hold Correction
or 085)
Intensity Factory set to 100%; user
selected value is not Markers (coupled)
changed by (jjj. Markers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 1 GHZ; AII Markers Off
Beeper: Done ou Last Active Marker 1
Beeper: Wamiug Off Reference Marker None
D2/Dl to D2 Off Marker Mode Continuous
Title Channel 1 = bp] Display Markers on
Channel 2 = Empty Delta Marker Mode Off
IF Bandwidth 3000 Hz
coupling
IF Averaging Factor 16; off Marker Search off
Smoothing Aperture 1% SPAN; off Marker `ILxrget Value -3dB
Phase offset 0 Degrees Marker Width Value -3dB;off
Electrical DeIay OIlS Marker Tracking Off
Scale/Division 10 dB/Division Marker Stimuli Offset OH2
Marker Value O&t DdB
CfdlbllltiOll Marker Aux Offset (Phase) D Degrees
Correction Off Marker Statistics Off
Calibration Type None PoIar Marker LinMkr
calibration Kit 3.5 mm Smith Marker R+jX Mkr
(HP 8719D/`20D)
Calibration Kit 2.4 mm
(HP 8722D)
System ZO 50 ohms Limit Lines
Velocity Factor 1 LimitLines OK
EXtA?IlSiOUS Off Limit n?sting OK
Port 1 OS LimitList Empty
Port 2 OS Edit Mode Upper/Lower Limit9
Input A OS stimuhls oKset OH2
Input B OS Amplitude Offset DdB
ChopAandB on LimitType Soping Line
Power Meter Calibration Off Beep Fail OK
Numberof Readin@ 1
1 InterpoIated Error Correction can be on or OK when the anaIyzer is in the factory preset state. The User's Guide
describes how to set the factory preset state of InterpoIated Error Correction.
HP-IB Programming and Command Reference l-5
`Ihble 12-3. Preset Conditions (3 of 5)
Preset oondaioM Preset Viahe Preset oonditioM Preset hhe
Time Domain Disk Save Conliguration
Transform ou t-w 8tore)
!lYramform Type Bandpass Data Array OE
fart. Transform -1 nano6econd Raw Data Array Off
stop Transform 4nanosecond13 Formatted Data Array Off
Gating OE Graphics m
Gate Bhape Normal D-W Off
GateBtart -600 picosecond8 DirectorySize Default1
Gate Stop 600 picoseconds Ewe Using Binary
Demodulation OlT Select Disk tnternal Memory
window Normal Disk Fbrmat LIP
Use Memory on
9eqpencing2
ByLlJtelnParame~s Loop Counter
HP-IB Addresses LastActiveBtate l-l-LOUT
HP-IB Mode Lai3tActiveBtate
Last Active state service Modea
Clock Time Stamp on HP-IBD&no&c lm
Preset: F'actoryNser LastGelectedSt&4Z 3ource Phase Lock iOOpOIl
Pux Input Resolution hW
bPY amtion k.nalogBusNode 11 (Aux Input)
Parallel Port La8tActiveBtat.e
Plotbr Type LastActiveBtate Plot
Plotter Port hstActiveBtate ?lot Data
Plotter Baud Rate LastActiveBtate `lot Memory
?lotter Handshake LmtActiveBtate `lot Graticule
HP-IBAddTess LaetActiveBtate `lot l&t
?rinter'Ippe LastActiveBtate `lot Marker
?rinter Port LastActiveBtate btofeed
?rint.er Baud Rate La8tActiveBtat.e `lot Quadnmt
VnterHandshake hstActive&ate kale PW
Writer HP-IB Address LastActiveBtate `lot.Bpeed
1 The directory size is calculated es 0.013% of the floppy disk size (which is ~266) or 0.006% of the hard disk size.
2 Pres&g preset turns off sequencing modify (edit) mode and stops any running sequence.
`lhble 12-3. Preset Conditions (4 of 5)
Preset Cmditiom Preset Value Preset Ckmditiom Preset Vahe
Pen Number:
ChllCh3 Data 2
ChllCh3 Memory 5 Print
Chl/Ch3 Marker 7 Printer Mode Last Active State
ChllCh3 Graticule 1 Auto-Feed on
ChllCh3 `lbxt 7
Ch2/Ch4 Data 3 Printer cOlors
Ch2ICh4 Memory 6 CHlRh3 Data Magenta
Ch2lCh4 Graticule 1 CHl/ChS Mem Seen
ch2/Ch4 !R?xt 7 CH2/Ch4 Data Blue
Ch2lCh4 Marker 7 CH2Kh4 Mem I&d
n Type:
e Graticule =yan
ChlKh3 Data 7 W=Wt Slack
ChllCh3 Memory 7 lkxt 3lack
Ch2Xh4 Data 7 F&f Line 3lack
Ch2/Ch4 Memory 7
`Ruble 12-3. Preset Conditions (5 of 5)
Reference
Format lgble Scale
PO&ion Iblue
Log Wude WV 10.0 5.0 0.0
Phase (degree) 90.0 5.0 0.0
1
Group Delay (ns) 10.0 5.0 0.0
Smith Chart 1.00 1.0
Polar 1.00 1.0
Linear Magnitude 0.1 0.0 0.0
Real 0.2 5.0 0.0
- 0.2 5.0 0.0
SWR 1.00 0.0 1.0
HP-IB Programming and Command Reference 1-7
Analyzer Command Syntax
Code Naming Convention
The analyzer HP-IB commands are derived from their front-panel key titles (where possible),
according to this naming convention:
Simple commands are the first four letters of the function they control, as in POWE, the
command name for power. If the function label contains two words, the iirst three mnemonic
letters are the Ilrst three letters of the first word, and the fourth mnemonic letter is the f&t
letter of the second word. For example, ELED is derived from electrical delay.
If there are many commands grouped together in a category, as in markers or plotting pen
numbers, the command is increased to 8 letters. The ilrst 4 letters are the category label
and the last 4 letters are the function specifier. As an example, category pen numbers are
represented by the command PENN, which is used in combination with several functions such
as PENNDATA, PENNMEMO.
The code naming guidelines, listed in lhble l-2, are used in order to:
n make commands more meaningful and easier to remember
n maintain compatibility with other products (including the HP 8510)
Note There are times when these guidelines are not followed due to technical
considerations.
`able 1-2. Code Naming Convention
Convention Key !lWe For HP-IB Code Use Example
ne Word Power First Four Letters POWE
Start
b0 Words Electrical Delay FhsZ Three Letters of First Word, First Letter ELED
of Second Word
Search Right
Two Words in a Group Marker +Center Four I&~KXS of Both MARKCENT
Gate--span GATESPAN
Three Words CalKitN50Q First Three Letters of First Word, First Letter CALKN50
of Second Word, First Four Letters of Third
Word
Pen Num Data PENNDATA
Some codes require appendages (ON, OFF, 1, 2, etc). Codes that do not have a front-panel
equivalent are HP-IB only commands They use a similar convention based on the common
name of the function.
l-8 HP-IB Programming and Command Reference
Valid Characters
The analyzer accepts the following ASCII characters:
w letters
w numbers
n decimal points
n +I-
n semicolons (;)
n quotation marks (")
n carriage returns (CR)
n Iinefeeds (LF)
Both upper- and lower-case letters are acceptable. Carriage returns, leading zeros, spaces, and
unnecessary terminators are ignored, except for those within a command or appendage. If the
analyzer does not recognize a character as appropriate, it generates a syntax error message and
recovers at the next terminator.
units
The analyzer can input and output data in basic units such as Hz, dB, seconds, etc.
S Seconds Hz Hertz
v Volts DB dBordBm
Input data is assumed to be in basic units (see above) unless one of the following units is used
(upper and lower case are equivalent):
MS Milliseconds KHZ Kilohertz
US Microseconds MHZ Megahertz
NS Nanoseconds GHZ Gigahertz
PS Picoseconds FS Femtoseconds
Command Formats
The HP-II3 commands accepted by the analyzer can be grouped into five input-syntax types
The analyzer does not distmguish between upper- and lower-case letters
General Structure:
The general syntax structure is: [code] [appendage] [data] [unit] [terminator]
The individual sections of the syntax code are explained below.
[code] The root mnemonic (these codes are described in the `Alphabetical Mnemonic
Listing" later in this chapter.)
[appendage1 A qualiher attached to the root mnemonic Possible appendages are ON or
OFF (toggle a function ON or OFF), or integers, which specify one capability
out of several. There can be no spaces or symbols between the code and the
appendage.
HP-IB Programming and Command Reference l-9
Idat4 A single operand used by the root mnemonic, usually to set the value of a
function. The data can be a number or a character string. Numbers are
accepted as integers or decimals, with power of ten speciiied by E (for
example, STAR 0.2E+lO ; sets the start frequency to 2 GHz). Character strings
must be enclosed by double quotation marks
For example:
A title string using RMI3 BASIC would look like:
OuTp'(JT 7~~;ll~~~llllll~~~~~llll ll;ll
where the first two IIll are an escape so that RMB BASIC will interpret the
third II properly.
bm The units of the operand, if applicable. If no units are specified, the analyxer
assumes the basic units as described above. The data is entered into the
function when either units or a terminator are received.
[terminator] Indicates the end of the command, enters the data, and switches the
active-entry area OFF. A semicolon (;) is the recommended terminator.
YIMninators are not necessary for the analyzer to interpret commands
correctly, but in the case of a syntax error, the analyxer wiIl attempt to recover
at the next terminator. The analyxer also interprets line feeds and HP-R3 END
OR IDENTIFY (EOI) messages as terminators
The specific syntax types are:
SYNTAX TYPE 1: [code] [terminator]
These are simple action commands that require no complementary information, such as
AUTO ; (autoscales the active channel).
SYNTAX TYPE 2: [code][appendage][terminator]
These are simple action commands requiring limited customixation, such as CORROhl ; and
CORROFF; (error correction ON or OFF) or FlEXAl;, RECA2;, RECA3; (recall register 1, 2, 3).
There can be no characters or symbols between the code and the appendage.
Note In the folIowing cases: CLEAREG[D], RECAREG[D], SAVEREG[D], and EG[D],
[D] must be 2 characters For example, CLEAREGO ; will execute, while
CLEAREGl ; will generate a syntax error.
SYNTAX TYPE 3: [code] [data] [unit][terminator]
These are data-input commands such as STAR 1.0 GHZ ; (set the start frequency to 1 GHx).
SYNTAX TYPE 4: [code] [appendage] [data] [terminator]
These are titling and marker commands that have an appendage, such as TITRi "STATEI"
(title register 1 STATEl), TITR2 YEST2tB (title register 2 TEST2).
QUERY SYNTAX: [code][?]
`lb query a front-panel-equivalent ftmction, append a question mark (?) to the root
mnemonic (For example, POUE?, AVERO?, or REAL?.) lb query commands with integer
appendages, place the question mark after the appendage.
l-10 HP-IB Programming and Command Reference
HP-IB Operation
The Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus (HP-IB) is Hewlett-Packard's hardware, software,
documentation, and support for IEEE 488.2 and IEC-625 worldwide standards for interfacing
instruments. This interface allows you to operate the analyzer and peripherals in two methods:
n by an external system controller
n by the network analyzer in system-controller mode
Device Types
The HP-IB employs a party-line bus structure in which up to 15 devices can be connected
on one contiguous bus. The interface consists of 16 signal lines and 8 ground lines within a
shielded cable. With this cabling system, many different types of devices including instruments,
computers, power meters, plotters, printers, and disk drives can be connected in parallel.
Every HP-II3 device must be capable of performing one or more of the following interface
functions:
Tblker
A talker is a device capable of transmitting device-dependent data when addressed to talk.
There can be only one active talker at any given time. Examples of this type of device include:
n power meters
n disk drives
n voltmeters
n counters
n tape readers
The network analyzer is a taIker when it sends trace data or marker information over the bus.
Listener
A listener is a device capable of receiving device-dependent data over the interface when
addressed to listen. There can be as many as 14 listeners connected to the interface at any
given time. Examples of this type of device include:
n printers
w power supplies
n signal generators
The network analyzer is a listener when it is controlled over the bus by a system controller.
Controller
A controller is dehned as a device capable of:
1. managing the operation of the bus
2. addressing talkers and listeners
There can be only one active controller on the interface at any time. Examples of controllers
include desktop computers, minicomputers, workstations, and the network analyzer. In a
multiple-controller system, active control can be passed between controllers, but there can
only be one system controller connected to the interface. The system controller acts as the
master and can regain active control at any time. The analyzer is an active controller when it
plots, prints, or stores to an external disk drive in the pass-control mode. The analyzer is also a
system controller when it is operating in the system-controller mode.
HP-IB Programming and Command Reference l-1 1
HP-IB Bus Structure
Figure l-l. EP-IB Bus Structure
Data Bus
The data bus consists of 8 bi-directional lines that are used to transfer data from one device to
another. Programming commands and data transmitted on these lines are typically encoded
in ASCII, although binary encoding is often used to speed up the transfer of large arrays
Both ASCII- and binary-data formats are available to the analyzer. In addition, every byte
transferred over HP-IB undergoes a handshake to insure valid data.
HandshakeLines
A three-line handshake scheme coordinates the transfer of data between talkers and listeners.
To insure data integrity in multiple-listener transfers, this technique forces data transfers
to occur at the transfer rate of the slowest device connected to the interface. With most
computing controllers and instruments, the handshake is performed automatically, making it
transparent to the programmer.
Control Lines
The data bus also has five control lines. The controller uses these lines to address devices and
to send bus commands.
IFC (Interface Clear) This line is used exclusively by the system controller. When
this line is true (low), all devices (whether addressed or not)
unaddress and revert to an idle state.
l-12 HP-IB Programming and Command Reference
ATN (Attention) The active controller uses this line to deline whether
the information on the data bus is command-oriented or
data-oriented. When this line is true (low), the bus is in the
command mode, and the data lines carry bus commands. When
this line is false (high), the bus is in the data mode, and the
data lines carry device-dependent instructions or data.
SRQ (Service Request) This line is set true (low) when a device requests service
and the active controller services the requesting device. The
network analyzer can be enabled to pull the SRQ line for a
variety of reasons such as requesting control of the interface,
for the purposes of printing, plotting, or accessing a disk.
REN (Remote Enable) This line is used exclusively by the system controller. When this
line is set true (low), the bus is in the remote mode, and devices
are addressed by the controller to either listen or talk. When
the bus is in remote mode and a device is addressed, it receives
instructions from the system controller via HP-IB rather than
from its front panel (pressing m returns the device to
front-panel operation). When this line is set false (high), the
bus and all of the connected devices return to local operation.
EOI (End or Identify) This line is used by a talker to indicate the last data byte in a
multiple-byte transmission, or by an active controller to initiate
a parallel-poll sequence. The analyzer recognizes the EOI line
as a terminator, and it pulls the EOI line with the last byte of a
message output (data, markers, plots, prints, error messages).
The analyzer does not respond to parallel poll.
HP-IB Requirements
Number of Interconnected Devices: 15 maximum.
Interconnection Path Maximu Cable Length: 20 meters maximum or 2 meters per device
(whichever is less).
Message Transfer Scheme: Byte serial, bit parallel asynchronous data
transfer using a 3-line handshake system.
Data Rate: Maximum of 1 megabyte-per-second over the
spetied distances with tri-state drivers Actual
data rate depends on the transfer rate of the
slowest device connected to the bus
Address Capability: Primary addresses: 31 talk, 31 listen. A
maximu of 1 talker and 14 listeners can be
connected to the interface at given time.
Multiple-Controller Capability: In systems with more than one controller (such
as this instrument), only one controller can be
active at any given time. The active controller
can pass control to another controller, but only
the system controller can assume unconditional
control. Only one wm controller is allowed.
HP-IB Programming and Command Reference l-13
HP-IB Operational Capabilities
On the network analyzer's rear panel, next to the HP-IB connector, there is a list of HP-IB
device subsets as delined by the IEEE 488.2 standard. The analyzer has the following
capabilities:
SHl Pull-source handshake.
AH1 Pull-acceptor handshake.
T6 Basic talker, answers serial poll, unaddresses if MLA is issued. No talk-only mode.
L4 Basic listener, unaddresses if MTA is issued. No listen-only mode.
SRl Complete service request (SRQ) capabilities.
RLl Complete remote/local capability including local lockout.
PPO Does not respond to parallel poll.
DC1 Complete device clear
DTl Responds to a Group Execute Trigger (GET) in the hold-trigger mode.
Cl,C2,C3 System controller capabilities in system-controller mode.
Cl0 Pass control capabilities in pass-control mode.
E2 T&state drivers
LEO No extended listener capabilities.
TEO No extended talker capabilities
These codes are completely explained in the IEEE Std 488 documents, published by the
Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, Inc, 345 East 47th Street, New York,
New York 11017.
1-14 HP-IB Programming and Command Reference
BP-IB Status Indicators
When the analyzer is connected to other instruments over the HP-IB, the HP-IB status
indicators illuminate to display the current status of the analyzer. The HP-IB status indicators
are located in the instrument-state function block on the front panel of the network analyzer.
R = Remote Operation
L = Listen mode
T = Talk mode
S = Service request (SRQ) asserted by the analyzer
Bus Device Modes
The analyzer uses a single-bus architecture. The single bus allows both the analyzer and the
host controller to have complete access to the peripherals in the system.
Three different controller modes are possible in and HP-II3 system:
n system-controller mode
n talker/listener mode
w pass-control mode
GRAPHICS PLOTTER PRINTER DISK D R I V E
HP-16
NETWORK ANALYZER
HOST CONTROLLER
Figure l-2. Analyzer Single Bus Concept
HPJB Programming and Command Reference l-15
System-Controller Mode
This mode allows the analyzer to control peripherals directly in a stand-alone environment
(without an external controller). This mode can only be selected manually from the
analyzer's front panel. It can only be used if no active computer or instrument controller is
connected to the system via HP-IB. If an attempt is made to set the network analyzer to the
system-controller mode when another controller is connected to the interface, the following
message is displayed on the analyzer's display screen:
"ANOTHER SYSTEM CONTROLLER ON HP-IB BUS"
The analyzer must be set to the system-controller mode in order to access peripherals from the
front panel. In this mode, the analyzer can directly control peripherals (plotters, printers, disk
drives, power meters, etc) and the analyzer may plot, print, store on disk or perform power
meter functions
Note Do not attempt to use this mode for programming. HP recommends using an
external instrument controller when programming. See the following section,
"lhIker/Listener Mode. n
`Ih&erListener Mode
This is the mode that is normally used for remote programming of the analyzer. In
talker/listener mode, the analyzer and all peripheral devices are controlled from an external
instrument controller. The controller can command the analyzer to talk and other devices
to listen. The analyzer and peripheral devices cannot talk directly to each other unless the
computer sets up a data path between them. This mode allows the analyzer to act as either
a talker or a listener, as required by the controlling computer for the particular operation in
progress.
Pass-Control Mode
This mode allows the computer to control the analyzer via HP-LB (as with the talker/listener
mode), but also allows the analyzer to take control of the interface in order to plot, print, or
access a disk. During an analyzer controlled peripheral operation, the host computer is free to
perform other internal tasks (i.e. data or display manipulation) while the analyzer is controlling
the bus After the analyzer-controlled task is completed, the analyzer returns control to the
system controller.
Note