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2. Reference Information
2-1 Introduction to DVD
2-1-1 The Definition of DVD
DVD is the next generation medium and is the acronym of the Digital Versatile Disc or thr Digital Video Disc,
which maximizes the saving density of the disk surface using the MPEG-2 compression technology to enable the
storage of 17G bytes of data on the same size CD.
1) 7 times the storage capacity of the conventional CD
Minimized the track pitch and pit size to 1/2 of conventional CD.
Uses red laser with short-wavelenght of 650nm (635nm).
DVD Vs. CD-ROM
DVD
CD-ROM
Single-Layer Dual-Layer
Laser Wavelength 650nm (635nm) 780nm
Track Pitch 0.75um 1.6um
Disc Diameter 120mm
Disc Thickness 1.2 (0.6 x 2) mm 1.2mm
Linear Velocity 3.49m/s 3.84m/s 1.2 ~ 1.4m/s
2) Disc Formats
DVD consists of two 0.6mm discs attached together, enabling access to the upper and lower side of the disk,
and 4 sides could be used at maximum.
Single Layer : 4.7GByte Dual Layer : 8.5GByte
Label Label
Polycarbonate Polycarbonate
Reflective layer
Bonding layer
Bonding layer
Reflective layer Semi-reflective layer
Polycarbonate Polycarbonate
Dual Side Single Layer : 9.5GByte Dual Side Dual Layer : 17GByte
Polycarbonate Polycarbonate
Semi-reflective layer
Reflective layer Reflective layer
Bonding layer Bonding layer
Reflective layer
Reflective layer Semi-reflective layer
Polycarbonate Polycarbonate
Samsung Electronics 2-1
Reference Information
2-1-2 DVD Types
FORMAT TYPE APPLICATIONS
DVD-Video Playback Only High quality image and sound for movies and other video media.
DVD-ROM Read Only Multi-functional, multi-midia software that requires large storage capacity.
DVD-Audio Playback Only High quality sound that exceeds the CD, multi-channel Audio.
DVD-R 1 Time Recording Storage media for the computer.
DVD-RAM Rewritable Data access/storage media for the computer.
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Reference Information
2-2 DVD-Video Fromat
2-2-1 Main Features
1) Able to store up to 160 minutes of Movie by utilizing the MPEG-2 compression technology. ( Aver. 133min.)
2) Enables more than 500 lines of horizontal resolution. (Class corresponding to the Master Tapes used in
broadcasting stations)
3) Provides Dolby Digital 5.1ch Surround 3D sound, which enables theater quality sound (NTSC area).
For PAL areas, 1 of either MPEG-2 Audio or Dolby Digital must be selected.
4) Multi-Language
Able to store up to 8 languages of dubbing.
Able to store up to 32 subtitle languages.
5) Milti-Aspect Ratio
3TV Mode alternatives ; 16:9 Wide Screen (DVD Basic)/4:3 Pan & Scan/Letter Box.
6) Multi-Story
Possible to implement Interactive Viewing which enables the user to select the scenario.
7) Multi-Angle
Able to view the camera angle you selected among the scenes recorded with multiple camera angles.
Note ; The above media features must have the DVD Title that contains the appropriate contents to function
properly.
2-2-2 Audio & Video Specifications
Classification DVD-Video Video-CD LD
Compression MPEG-2 MPEG-1
Analog
Pixel 720 x 480 352 x 240
Horizontal resolution Max. 500 Lines Max. 250 Lines Max.420 Lines
VIDEO
Compression rate 1/40 1/140
Analog
Transmission speed Max. 9.8Mbps (variable) 1.15Mbps (fixed)
TV aspect 16:9 / 4:3 4:3 4:3
Audio Max. 8 streams 2CH stereo 2 Analog CH.
2 Digital CH.
(16Bit/44.1KHz)
Recording type Dolby Digital Linear PCM MPEG-1 Layer 2
or
AUDIO Transmission rate 448Kbps/stream 6.144Mbps/stream 224Kbps
1 Analog CH.
Channel 5.1CH/stream 8CH/stream 2CH 1 Stream of Dolby Digital
2 Digital CH.
Sampling frequency 48KHz 16, 20, 24Bit/48, 96KHz 16Bit/44.1KHz (16Bit/44.1KHz)
Samsung Electronics 2-3
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2-2-3 Detailed Feature
DVD-Video Feature 1 When Developing the DVD Software, various addition and modification is possible.
As the storage capacity increases, the DVD-Video separates the main data and the additional data such as the
Multi-Function into different data areas, enabling the control of time-data ratio to provide the format that enables
the flexible Software development
1 Movie (3.5Mbps)
+ Subtitle (1 Language)
+ Surround Audio (1 Language)
= 160min storage (4.673Gbytes)
1 Movie (3.5Mbps)
+ Subtitle (4 Language)
+ Surround Audio (4 Language)
= 160min storage (4.680Gbytes)
1 Music Video (4Mbps)
+ 2ch High quality Audio (96kHz/24bit)
= 72min storage (4.648Gbytes)
DVD-Video Feature 2 Application of the MPEG-2 compression technology.
DVD-Video uses the variable compresion technology, the MPEG-2 to compress the moving image optimally, mini-
mizing the Data loss to Provide a clear, natural screen while increasing the storage time.
MPEG-2 (Variable compression : Max. 1/40) Amount of data
Field unit compression.
Compression rate change according to the amount of Data.
DVD-Video Differentiates the still image anf the moving image
compression rete, reducing Data loss and enables
efficient compression. Time
Loss area
MPEG-1 (Fixed compression : Max. 1/140) Amount of data
Frame unit compression.
Video-CD Compresses all data using the same ratio.
- Fast movements are jagged, and unnatural
Time
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DVD-Video Feature 3 High quality surround audio.
DVD-Video can store the audio using the 5.1ch Dolby Digital compression or the advanced Liner PCM method,
providing the better-than-CD quality and theater like audio quality.
Dolby Digital (AC-3)
Unlike the traditional Dolby pro-Logic method, the Dolby Digital method separates all 5 main channels
(Front L/R, Center, Surround (Rear) L/R)and the Sub woofer to provide live surround audio.
Using the Down Mix method, the conventional Dolby Pro-Logic and Stereo are all compatible.
Each separated channels are played back at CD quality sound. (Frequency band: 20Hz ~ 20KHz)
Linear PCM (Pulse Code Modulation)
Provides the high quality Digital sound without the audio data compression.
Various Digital Recordings are possible as shown in the table to the right.
Sampling Frequency Bit Rate
16bit
48KHz 20bit
24bit
16bit
96KHz 20bit
24bit
Dolby Digital compatible Audio Mode
Channel Format
Audio Coding
Front Surround (Rear) Remark
Mode
L C R L R
1/0 O Mono
2/0 O O Stereo
3/0 O O O
2/1 O O Mono
3/1 O O O Mono Surround
2/2 O O O O
3/2 O O O O O
Samsung Electronics 2-5
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DVD-Video Feature 4 Multi-Language
Audio Dubbing - Max. 8 Languages
Subtitle - Max. 32 Languages. Capable of storing, and selectiong.
Linear PCM (Pulse Code Modulation)
DVD-Video Feature 5 Multi-Aspect
Unlike the conventional VCD or LD, DVD-Video has the default of 16:9 Wide, and can be viewed using the
conventional 4:3 TV, enabling the expansion of viewer selection capabilities.
16 : 9 TV : Wide Mode (16:9 Wide Full Screen)
4 : 3 TV : Letter Box Mode, Pan & Scan Mode
16:9 Wide 4:3 Pan & Scan 4:3 Letter Box
Note ; Only enable to be worked correctly by an appropriate data supported this function in Disc.
DVD-Video Feature 6 Multi-Angle
Up to 9 angles of view may be stored, enabling the viewer to select a specific viewpoint at a given time.
--> Especially, for the Music Video and Sports Title, this provides a more lively image of the scene.
Note ; Only enable to be worked correctly by an appropriate data supported this function in Disc.
2-6 Samsung Electronics
Reference Information
DVD-Video Feature 7 Multi-Story
DVD-Video provides the enviroment suitable for the bi-directional Software develoment, providing multiple
scenarios. This feature enables the Multi-Story function.
OPTION Parental Lock
For the titles that are not suitable for children viewing, Parental Locks are set, requesting user defined
passwords for viewing
Parential Locks may be set on specific frames of the Title, enabling the player to skip those frames during
playback.
COPYRIGHT Regional Code & Macrovision
Classify the world into 6 regions, and if the DVD Title and the Player's "Reginal Code" do not agree, playback
is prohibited.
Regionnal Coding is optional for the Soft developers (Region 0 All Code), but the Hardware developers
must adopt the appropriate regionnal code for sale.
Region 1 : The United States and its territories, Canada.
Region 2 : Europe, Japan, Greenland, Egypt, South Africa, the Middle East.
Region 3 : Taiwan, Hongkong, Korea, South East Asia.
Region 4 : Mexico, South America, Australia, New Zealand.
Region 5 : Russia, Eastern Europe, India, Africa.
Region 6 : China.
Region 0 : Worldwide (All Code)
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