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RESEARCH. INC.
PREUMINARY
REFERENCE
MANUAL
THE CRAY-1 COMPUTER
PRELIMINARY
REFERENCE MANUAL
CoPYRIGHT (C) 1975 BY CRAY RESEARCH, INC. THIS MANUAL, OR PARTS
THEREOF, MAY N0T BE REPRODUCED IN ANY FORM WITHOUT PERMISSION OF
CRAY KESEARCH, NC. I HIS ~UAL CONTAINS PRELIMINARY INFORf'1ATION
WHICH IS SUBJECT TO CORRECTION AND CHANGE WITHOUT FORMAL NOTICE TO
COpy HOLDERS.
New features, as well as changes, deletions, and additions to information in this manual are
indicated by bars in the margins or by a dot near the page number if the entire page is affected.
A bar by the page number indicates pagination rather than content has changed.
REVISION RECORD
REVISION DESCRIPTION
4/75 Ori2inal PrintinQ'
A This revision corrects various typograppical and technical
6/75 errors.
CONTENTS
Introduction 1
Summary of machine characteristics 1
Principal operating registers 1
A registers 1
B registers 1
S registers 2
T registers 2
V registers 2
VL register 2
VM register 2
P register 2
Supporting registers 5
BA register 5
LA register 5
XA register 5
F register 5
M register 6
Input/Output 6
Comparison of scalar and vector processing 6
Functional units 7
Instruction formats 7
Special register values 9
Instruction buffers. 9
Data formats 9
Rev. A iii
CAL language structure 11
Statement format . 11
Location field 11
Result field 11
Operand field 11
Comments field 11
Coding conventions 12
Comments statement 12
Lower case in comments 12
Symbols 12
Special element, * 13
"P." prefix 13
"W." prefix 13
Expressions 13
CPU register designation 14
Pseudo-instructions 14
ABS 14
BSS 14
BSSZ 15
CON 15
EJECT 15
END 15
ENTRY 16
16
IDENT 16
LIST 16
ORG 17
CPU instructions 18
iv
Appendix A. Summary of CPU instructions