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Power Macintosh 8100/
WS 8150
Power Macintosh 8100/80 and 8100/80AV, Power
Macintosh 8100/100 and 8100/100AV, Power
Macintosh 8100/110, Workgroup Server 8150,
Workgroup Server 8150/110
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Basics
Power Macintosh 8100/WS 8150
Basics Power Macintosh System Overview - 1
Power Macintosh System Overview
PowerPC microprocessors are a family of processors built
on reduced instruction-set computing (RISC) technology.
RISC processors streamline the internal workings of
computers. Whereas traditional (complex instruction-set
computing, or CISC) processors contain a wide variety of
instructions to handle many different tasks, RISC
processors contain only those instructions that are used
most often. When a complex instruction is needed, a RISC
processor builds it from a combination of basic instructions.
RISC processors are designed to execute these basic
instructions extremely quickly. The performance gains
achieved by speeding up the most-used instructions more
than compensate for the time spent creating less-used
instructions.
Basics Power Macintosh System Overview - 2
Previously, RISC technology had been used only in high-end
workstations and commercial database servers. With the
introduction of Macintosh PowerPC computers, Apple
succeeded in bringing RISC technology to personal
computing.
Key Points
Three key points to remember about a PowerPC processor-
based Macintosh system: It's a Macintosh; it's compatible; it
offers tremendous performance.
Apple's PowerPC computers feature the same user interface
as their 680x0-based predecessors. Users can mix RISC-
based and 680x0-based Macintosh systems on the same net-
work and exchange files and disks between them. In addition,
users can run both 680x0 and native PowerPC applications
on the same Power Macintosh system simultaneously.
Basics Power Macintosh System Overview - 3
Compatibility is not limited just to applications. INITs,
CDEVs, drivers, and other Macintosh utility software also
work on PowerPC processor-based Macintosh systems. So do
AppleTalk devices (such as printers), SCSI devices (such as
hard drives and scanners), ADB devices (such as mice,
trackballs, and keyboards), and other Macintosh cards and
peripherals.
The primary operating system for PowerPC processor-
based Macintosh computers is System 7. The operating
system has been optimized for the highest performance on
the PowerPC processor. This optimization of System 7
benefits applications written for 680x0 systems as well as
those developed specifically for PowerPC processor-based
systems.
And while PowerPC-based Macintosh systems running
native applications offer two to four times the performance
Basics Power Macintosh System Overview - 4
of the fastest 68040- and 80486-based personal
computers, the real promise of PowerPC technology is that
it enables Apple and other developers to deliver new
software capabilities on Macintosh systems that were
previously available only on high-end workstations.
Troubleshooting Tips
When troubleshooting Power Macintosh systems, keep in
mind the following:
1 If a Power Macintosh system does not power up, you
should first attempt to reset the logic board. Instruc-
tions are provided in the Additional Procedures chapter.
2 With Power Macintosh computers, you must install
noncomposite RAM SIMMs only, and the RAM SIMMs
must be installed in like pairs (that is, the same size and
speed). Additional troubleshooting information is
Basics Power Macintosh System Overview - 5
provided in the Symptom Charts section of the
Troubleshooting chapter under the "System" topic
heading.
3 If a Power Macintosh system has bad RAM SIMMs
installed, you will not hear death chimes. Instead, a
dialog box will appear alerting you to the fact that a bad
RAM SIMM has been detected. Additional troubleshooting
information is provided in the Symptom Charts section
of the Troubleshooting chapter under the "System" topic
heading.
4 If the system hangs shortly after installing a new NuBus
card, contact the vendor to verify that the card is
compatible with the Power Macintosh system or to see if
there is a software upgrade available. If the NuBus card
is an Apple manufactured product, refer to the Service
Tech Info Library for more information.
Basics Power Macintosh System Overview - 6
5 The Power Macintosh AV systems use the same logic
board as the non-AV versions. The only difference is that
the AV versions have the Power Macintosh AV Card
installed in the PDS slot.
The Power Macintosh 7100/66 and 8100/80 systems
must have a video card installed in the PDS slot. The
Power Macintosh 7100/66 system uses the Power
Macintosh 2 MB Video Card and the Power Macintosh
8100/80 system uses the Power Macintosh 4 MB Video
Card. A missing card can result in a system that won't
boot or a system that crashes.
Basics HDI-45 Pinouts - 7
HDI-45 Pinouts
This section includes an illustration of the HDI-45
connector and a table containing the pinout descriptions.
Figure: HDI-45 Connector on the Logic Board
Basics HDI-45 Pinouts - 8
Table: HDI-45 Pinouts
Pin Description
1 Analog audio ground
2 Audio input shield
3 Left channel audio input
4 Right channel audio input
5 Left channel audio output
6 Right channel audio output
7 Reserved
8 Monitor ID sense line 1
9 Monitor ID sense line 2
10 Green ground (shield)
Basics HDI-45 Pinouts - 9
Pin Description
11 Green video output (75)
12 Video input power ground
13 Power for camera +5 V
14 Reserved
15 Reserved
16 Reserved
17 Reserved
18 Monitor ID sense line 3
19 S-video input shield
20 S-video input luminance (Y)
21 S-video input chroma (C)
Basics HDI-45 Pinouts - 10
Pin Description
22 Reserved
23 Reserved
24 Reserved
25 Reserved
26 Red ground (shield)
27 Red video output (75)
28 I 2C data signal
29 I 2C clock signal
30 Reserved
31 Monitor ID
32 Monitor ID
Basics HDI-45 Pinouts - 11
Pin Description
33 Vertical sync signal
34 Composite sync signal
35 ADB power +5 V
36 ADB ground
37 ADB data
38 Keyboard switch
39 Reserved
40 Reserved
41 Monitor ID
42 Horizontal sync signal
43 Video sync ground
Basics HDI-45 Pinouts - 12
Pin Description
44 Blue ground (shield)
45 Blue video output (75)
Basics Rear Panel Connectors - 13
Rear Panel Connectors
The figure on the following page shows a Power Macintosh
8100 computer with a 4 MB Video Card installed. The AV
version of the Power Macintosh 8100 would have a Power
Macintosh AV Card installed instead of the 4 MB Video Card.
In addition to a DB-15 connector, the AV Card includes an S-
Video Input and an S-Video Output port.
Basics Rear Panel Connectors - 14
Power-On
SCSI
Ethernet
HDI-45 Video
Printer
DB-15
Modem
ADB
Sound Out
Sound In
Power Macintosh 8100 Rear Panel
Basics Logic Board Connectors - 15
Logic Board Connectors
The figure on the following page shows a Power Macintosh
8100/80 logic board.
Caution: It is important to note that the Power Macintosh
8100/100 and 8100/110 Series logic boards have a
thermoelectrical cooling device that attaches directly to the
microprocessor's heatsink. You can identify this cooling
device by the black and red wires that run to the right of the
heatsink and plug into the logic board via a keyed connector.
This device is not a serviceable item. Do not unplug this
device or you may damage the logic board.
Basics - 16
Speaker
CD-ROM/ Power CD-ROM Floppy
Tape SCSI Supply Audio Drive LED
Power On
SCSI DRAM SIMMs
Ethernet
PowerPC 601 Chip
HDI-45 Video
8 MB Soldered
Printer DRAM
Modem Hard Drive
ADB SCSI
Sound Out
Sound In
601 ROM L2 Cache NuBus
PDS Slot Slot Slots
Basics Apple RAID Software - 17
Apple RAID Software
Apple RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks)
software protects data from loss during a disk failure and
enhances the speed of data storage and retrieval. It is
available for all Power Macintosh Workgroup servers.
Data protection is achieved through disk mirroring, a data
storage scheme in which identical data is stored on two
different disks. Apple RAID can also be configured for disk
striping, a data storage scheme in which successive units of
data are transferred to several disks at one time.
If you plan to install the Apple RAID software on an existing
Power Macintosh Workgroup Server, or if you are
reinitializing an existing Apple RAID drive, keep in the mind
the following:
Basics Apple RAID Software - 18