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Model 228 Voltage/Current Source
Instruction Manual
Contains Operating and Servicing Information
Publication Date: April 1986
Document Number: 228-901-01 Rev C
WARRANTY
Keithley Instruments, Inc. warrants this product to be free from defects
in material and workmanship for a period of 1 year from date of ship-
ment. During the warranty period, we will, at our option, either repair
or replace any product that proves to be defective.
To exercise this warranty, write or call your local Keithley represent-
ative, or contact Keithley headquarters in Cleveland, Ohio. You will be
given prompt assistance and return instructions. Send the instrument,
transportation prepaid, to the indicated service facility. Repairs will be
made and the instrument returned, transportation prepaid. Repaired
products are warranted for the balance of the original warranty period,
or at least 90 days.
LIMITATION OF WARRANTY
This warranty does not apply to defects resulting from unauthorized
modification or misuse of any product or part. This warranty also does
not apply to fuses, batteries, or damage from battery leakage.
This warranty is in lieu of all other warranties, expressed or implied, in-
cluding any implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a par-
ticular use. Keithley Instruments, Inc. shall not be liable for any indirect,
special or consequential damages.
STATEMENT OF CALIBRATION
This instrument has been inspected and tested in accordance with
specifications published by Keithley Instruments, Inc.
The accuracy and calibration of this instrument are traceable to the
National Bureau of Standards through equipment which is calibrated at
planned intervals by comparison to certified standards maintained in
the Laboratories of Keithley Instruments, Inc.
KEITHLEY INSTRUMENTS, INC.
INSTRUMENT DIVISION I 28775 Aurora Road I Cleveland. Ohio 44139 / U.S.A. I 12161 248-0400 / Telex: 98-5469
WEST GERMANY: Keithley Instruments GmbH I Heiglhofstr. 5 I 8000 Mtinchen 70 / IO891 710020 / Telex: 52-12160
GREAT BRITAIN: Keithley Instruments. Ltd. / 1, Eoulton Road I Reading, Berkshire RG 2 ONL / (07341 86.12.87/88 /Telex: 84-7047
FRANCE: Keithley Instruments SARL / 2, 8is Rue Leon Blum ! 8.P. 60 / 91121 Palaiseau Cadex / (6) 011-51-55 /Telex: 600-933
NETHERLANDS: Keithley Instruments BV ! Arkelsedijk 4 I Postbus 559 / 4200 AN Gorinchem / 10) 1830-25577 /Telex: 24-684
SWITZERLAND: Keithley Instruments SA / Kriesbachstr. 4 / 8600 Dibendorf / 01/821-94-44 / Telex: 57-536
AUSTRIA: Keithlev Instruments Ges.m.b.H. / Doblinger Haupstr. 32 / 1190 Wien / 314 289 I Telex: 13-4500
Model 228
Voltage/Current Source
Instruction Manual
01986, Keithley Instruments, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A.
Publication Date: April 1986
Document Number: 228-901-01 Rev. C
SPECIFICATIONS
AS A CONSTANT VOLTAGE SOURCE EXTERNAL MODULATION
RANGE OVTPVT COMPLIANCE,souru or Shk, INPUT RESISTANCE: 6.8M.
ACCVRACY AccmAcY SENSITIVITY: -lOV incraws magnitude of programmed output by
MAXI- RESO. ,1 YEAR1 MAXI- RESO (1YEAR) lW% of full scale; + 1OVdecreaws magnitude of programmed output by
MUM LUTION W-WC Muhl LIJTION 16'.WC x0% of full scale.
loo" *,o,.o" lmm" *(o.l%+o.l "I *1.010 A ImA *K.l%+ ImA) ACCURACY: 2% typical, dc to 6OHz.
*o.loloA k-mp.4 *,O.l%+4co #A) MAXIMUM MODULATION: Modulation and programmed settin should
10" *,0.1Lw lam" *(o.l%+ lonw f10.10 A lomA *(o.s%+ 4cmA) not cause operation exceeding the range of zero to 101% of ful f scale.
*l.oloA 1mA *ml%+ ImAl MODULATION FREQUENCY: 6OOHzbandwidth.
*o.loloA m&A *KLl%+4m#A)
I" *,.o,o" lnw *,0.1%+1.otr"~*10.10.4 *on-A*w.s%+ 4omN IEEE-488 BUS IMPLEMENTATION (IEEE-4881978)
f1.010A ,mA *,o.l%+ 4mA) M~&IW&COMMANDSi DCL, LLO. SDC. GET, GTL. UNT. UNL.
*0.1010A,MpA *:(0.l%+mpAl
UNILINE COMMANDS: IFC, REN, EOI, SRQ, ATN.
TEMPERAT"RE COEFF,CIENT (0".1S"C a 28".SO"0 f(0.1 Xapplic- INTERFACE FUNCTIONS: SHI. AHl, T6, TEO, L4, LEO,SRI. RLI. PPO.
able acc"raw suwificationll"C. DCl, DTl, CO, El.
0.1.3oOHz 0.1~300kHz 0.1.20MHz PROGRAMMABLE PARAMETERS: Output (operate or standby), Range,
NOISE: Voltage, Current. Trigger Mode. Sink. Modulation (Voltage or Current).
5.omv p-p 15mV p-p mv P-P `YP. Dis lay Mode, Output Prefix (data format an readback), SRQ Mask,
1ov 2.OmV p-p 15nlv p-p 25m" p-p typ. EOP Terminator Characters, Status, Self Test, Memory Location (100
,
1V 0.7mV p-p 15mV p-p 25mVP-P w point memoryl, Dwell Time.
OUTPUT RESISTANCE (max.): lOOV Range: 1Omfl. 1OV Range: 1W pfl.
1v Range: ml pfl. GENERAL
OUTPUT INDUCTANCE: l&$H typical. DISPLAY: Dual 3'/r-digit LED (0.5 in.) indicate programmed values in
SENSING: Rear panel witch selectable REMOTE and LOCAL sensing. Standby and output value8 in Operate.
REMOTE SENSING: Corrects for up to 0.5V drop per ""t "t lead. Max- READBACK ACCURACY: Same as o"tp"t accuracy
im,,,,, s" per fence lead for rated accuracy. Maximum 0.5R per senselead FRONT PANEL PROGRAMS: COPY, SINK, IEEE address, MOD V,
for rated output resistance. MOD 1. TEST, RESET.
AS A CONSTANT CURRENT SOURCE LOAD TRANSIENT RECOVERY TIME: With a resistive load the o"tp"t
will recover 90% of any load changer within Ims after end of changen,
Provided the changes do not cause transfer to another control mode.
STANDBY: Programs output to OV. OA without changing rangff or polarity
LINE REGULATION: Less than 0.01% output change for ac power line
changer within specified limits.
PROGRAM MEMORY (battery backed up): Stores up to 100 output set-
tings. Ra.ngeof Dwell Time: 20mr to lw(k. Accuracy of Dwell Times:
1 A *,.010A 1mA*~O.l%+l.cmA~
**o,.ov mmv *K.l%+mlrvl * (0.05%+ 2msL
~,O.,O" lmn" *Ku%+ 4omVl BATTERY BACKUP: Rechargeable 3.6V nickel-cadmium. 1 month reten-
*1.01ov Inl" *K%l%+ 4m", tion of data with "nit turned off.
0.1.4*0.,0,0,4,MpA *(O.l%+O.,d~ *,o,.ov mlm" *~o.l%+mv~ TRIGGER: IN and OUT ITL-compatible.
mm;;; mmv *ml%+ 4omVl
,mv *,O.*%+ h", RESPONSE TIME: 30,"s max. to 99% of programmed change.
`Abave 0.4% of range. MAXIMUM COMMON MODE VOLTAGE ,o"tp"t "I o"tp"t common t"
chassis): IWV dc.
TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT (0"~ls"C dr 26"-50