Text preview for : ThinkPad 560-560E.pdf part of IBM ThinkPad 560E IBM ThinkPad 560E service manual
Back to : ThinkPad 560-560E.rar | Home
06J0536 S76H-7587-01
Note Before using this information and the product it supports, be sure to read the general information under "Notices" on page B-1.
Second Edition (July 1997)
The following paragraph does not apply to the United Kingdom or any country where such provisions are inconsistent with local law: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION PROVIDES THIS PUBLICATION "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Some states do not allow disclaimer of express or implied warranties in certain transactions, therefore, this statement may not apply to you. This publication could include technical inaccuracies or typographical errors. Changes are periodically made to the information herein; these changes will be incorporated in new editions of the publication. IBM may make improvements or changes in the products or the programs described in this publication at any time. Requests for technical information about IBM products should be made to your IBM Authorized Dealer or your IBM Marketing Representative. © Copyright International Business Machines Corporation 1996, 1997. All rights reserved. Note to U.S. Government Users -- Documentation related to restricted rights -- Use, duplication or disclosure is subject to restrictions set forth in GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp.
Contents
Figures Tables Preface
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
v vi vii
Section 1. System Overview . . . Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . System Board Devices and Features System Board I/O Address Map . . Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . Voltages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Output Protection . . . . . . . . . Voltage Sequencing . . . . . . . . Power Supply Connector . . . . . Battery Pack . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1-1 1-2 1-3 1-6 1-8 1-11 1-11 1-12 1-12 1-12 1-13 2-1 2-2 2-2 2-2 2-3 2-4 2-4 2-4 2-5 2-6 2-7 2-8 2-9 2-11 2-12 2-13 2-13 2-13 2-14 2-14 2-16 2-26 2-26
Section 2. System Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Description Microprocessor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cache Memory Operation . . . . . . . . . . Cacheable Address Space . . . . . . . . . . Keyboard/Mouse Connector . . . . . . . . . . . Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Scan Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Keyboard ID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Displayable Characters and Symbols . . . . Hard Disk Drive Connector . . . . . . . . . . . External Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Diskette Drive and Controller . . . . . . . . . . Diskette Drive Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ROM Subsystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RAM Subsystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . System Memory Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . System Board Memory Connector for DIMM RT/CMOS RAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Miscellaneous System Functions and Ports . Nonmaskable Interrupt (NMI) . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .
© Copyright IBM Corp. 1996, 1997
iii
System Control Port B (Hex 0061) System Control Port A (Hex 0092) Power-On Password . . . . . . . . Selectable Drive-Startup Sequence Hardware Compatibility . . . . . . . . Error Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section 3. Subsystems . . . . . Video Subsystem . . . . . . . . . . Video Modes . . . . . . . . . . . Audio Subsystem . . . . . . . . . . Sound Blaster Support Function Audio Port Specifications . . . . Infrared (IR) Subsystem . . . . . . System Settings . . . . . . . . . PCMCIA Subsystem . . . . . . . . Pin Assignments . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2-27 2-28 2-29 2-29 2-30 2-31 3-1 3-2 3-3 3-6 3-6 3-6 3-7 3-7 3-7 3-9
Appendix A. System Management API (SMAPI) BIOS Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . What is SMAPI BIOS? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Header Image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Calling Convention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Parameter Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Calling Convention Pseudo Code . . . . . . . . . . . . Return Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Function Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . System Information Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . System Configuration Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Power Management Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Event Bit Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Samples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Function Declaration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installation Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BIOS Call . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Appendix B. Notices Trademarks . . . . . . Index
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . .
A-1 A-3 A-4 A-6 A-6 A-9 A-11 A-12 A-12 A-20 A-27 A-32 A-53 A-57 A-58 A-62 B-1 B-2 X-1
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
iv
Figures
1-1. 1-2. 1-3. 1-4. 1-5. 1-6. 1-7. 1-8. 1-9. 1-10. 2-1. 2-2. 2-3. 2-4. 2-5. 2-6. 2-7. 2-8. 2-9. 2-10. 2-11. 2-12. 2-13. 2-14. 2-15. 2-16. 2-17. 2-18. 2-19. 2-20. 2-21. 2-22. 2-23. 2-24. 2-25. 2-26. 2-27. 2-28. 2-29. 2-30. Model and Submodel Bytes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . System Board Devices and Features . . . . . . . . . . System Board I/O Address Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . Performance Specifications for the ThinkPad 560/560E Physical Specifications for the ThinkPad 560/560E . . Electrical Specifications for the ThinkPad 560/560E Acoustical Readings for the ThinkPad 560/560E . . Power Supply Maximum Current . . . . . . . . . . . Voltage Pin Assignments for 35W AC Adapter . . . Battery Pack Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Keyboard and Mouse Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Keyboard/Mouse Connector Pin Assignments . . . . . Key Numbers for the 84-Key Keyboard . . . . . . . . . Key Numbers for the 85-Key Keyboard . . . . . . . . . Key Numbers for the External Numeric Keypad . . . . . . . . . Hard Disk Drive Connector Pin Assignments 100-Pin External Connector Pin Assignments . . . . . Diskette Drive Read, Write, and Format Capabilities Diskette Drive Connector Pin Assignments . . . . . . System Memory Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DIMM Connector Pin Assignments . . . . . . . . . . RT/CMOS RAM Address Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . RT/CMOS Address and NMI Mask Register (Hex 0070) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RT/CMOS Data Register (Hex 0071) . . . . . . . . . Real-Time Clock Bytes (Hex 00000D) . . . . . . . . Status Register A (Hex 00A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Status Register B (Hex 00B) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Status Register C (Hex 00C) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Status Register D (Hex 00D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Diagnostic Status Byte (Hex 00E) . . . . . . . . . . . Diskette Drive Type Byte (Hex 010) . . . . . . . . . . Diskette Drive Type Bits 74 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hard Disk Type Byte (Hex 011) . . . . . . . . . . . . Hard Disk Drive Type 2 (Bits 74) . . . . . . . . . . . Hard Disk Drive Type 3 (Bits 30) . . . . . . . . . . . Hard Disk Drive Type Byte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Equipment Byte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installed Diskette Drive Bits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Display Operating Mode Bits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . System Control Port B (Hex 0061, Write) . . . . . . 1-2 1-3 1-6 1-8 1-9 1-10 1-10 1-11 1-12 1-13 2-4 2-4 2-5 2-6 2-7 2-8 2-9 2-11 2-12 2-14 2-15 2-16 2-17 2-17 2-19 2-19 2-20 2-21 2-21 2-22 2-23 2-23 2-23 2-23 2-23 2-24 2-24 2-24 2-24 2-27
© Copyright IBM Corp. 1996, 1997
v
2-31. 2-32. 2-33. 3-1. 3-2.
System Control Port B (Hex 0061, Read) System Control Port A (Hex 0092) . . . Error Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PCMCIA Standards and Specifications . PCMCIA PC Card Slot Pin Assignments
. . . .
. . . . .
. . . . .
. . . . .
. . . . .
. . . . .
. . . . . . .
2-27 2-28 2-31 3-8 3-9
Tables
3-1. BIOS Video Modes for the ThinkPad Computer
. . . .
3-4
vi
Preface
This technical reference contains hardware and software interface information specific to the IBM* ThinkPad* 560/560E computer. This technical reference is intended for those who develop hardware and software products for the computer. Users should understand computer architecture and programming concepts. This publication consists of the following sections and appendixes: Section 1, "System Overview," describes the system, features, and specifications. Section 2, "System Board," describes the system-specific hardware implementations. Section 3, "Subsystems," describes the hardware functions specific to the ThinkPad 560/560E computers. Appendix A, "System Management API (SMAPI) BIOS Overview," describes the system software interface built into the system, called the System Management Application Program Interface (SMAPI) BIOS, which controls the system information, system configuration, and power management features of the ThinkPad system. Appendix B, "Notices," contains special notices and trademark information. An index is also included. This technical reference should be used with the following publications:
IBM Personal System/2 Hardware Interface Technical Reference IBM Personal System/2 and Personal Computer BIOS Interface
These publications contain additional information on many of the subjects discussed in this technical reference. Information about diskette drives, hard disk drives, adapters, and external options are in separate technical references.
© Copyright IBM Corp. 1996, 1997
vii
Attention The term Reserved describes certain signals, bits, and registers that should not be changed. Use of reserved areas can cause compatibility problems, loss of data, or permanent damage to the hardware. When the contents of a register are changed, the state of the reserved bits must be preserved. When possible, read the register first and change only the bits that must be changed.
viii
ThinkPad 560/560E Preface
Section 1. System Overview
Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . System Board Devices and Features System Board I/O Address Map . . Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . Performance Specifications . . . . . . Physical Specifications Acoustical Readings . . . . . . Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . Voltages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Output Protection . . . . . . . . . Voltage Sequencing . . . . . . . . Power Supply Connector . . . . . Battery Pack . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1-2 1-3 1-6 1-8 1-8 1-9 1-10 1-11 1-11 1-12 1-12 1-12 1-13
© Copyright IBM Corp. 1996, 1997
1-1
Description
The IBM Personal System/2 Hardware Interface Technical Reference describes devices common to the PS/2* AT-bus system family. The IBM ThinkPad 560/560E computer (hereafter called the 560, ThinkPad computer, or computer) is a notebook-size computer that features the AT* bus architecture. Each computer supports one external diskette drive and one internal hard disk drive. Programs can distinguish the foregoing models of computers from other ThinkPad models by reading the system ID: Interrupt 15H, function code (AH)=23H, (AL)=10H, returns (AL)=0EH for the 560/560E. The system microprocessor contains an internal cache and cache controller. Figure 1-1 lists the model bytes, submodel bytes, and system clock speed of the system board.
Model 560/560E Model Byte (Hex) FC Submodel Byte (Hex) 01 System Clock 66 MHz / 60 MHz
Figure 1-1. Model and Submodel Bytes
For a listing of the other systems, refer to the IBM Personal System/2 and Personal Computer BIOS Interface.
1-2
ThinkPad 560/560E System Overview
System Board Devices and Features
Figure 1-2 lists the system board devices and their features. The IBM Personal System/2 Hardware Interface Technical Reference describes devices common to PS/2 products by type number.
Device Microprocessor Type Features ThinkPad 560: Intel** Pentium** 100/120/133MHz 16KB on-chip cache ThinkPad 560E: Intel Pentium processor with the MMX technology 150/166MHz 32KB on-chip cache Level 2 cache ThinkPad 560: None ThinkPad 560E: 256KB System timers 1 Channel 0: system timer Channel 1: refresh generation Channel 2: tone generator for speaker 128KB by 4 banks (1KB equals 1024 bytes) ThinkPad 560: 8 to 40MB (1MB equals 1 048 576 bytes) ThinkPad 560E: 16MB (standard). Expandable up to 48MB with the 32MB DIMM. Expandable up to 80MB with the 2-bank-type 64MB DIMM. CMOS RAM subsystem 128 bytes CMOS RAM with real-time clock/calendar
ROM subsystem RAM subsystem
Figure 1-2 (Part 1 of 3). System Board Devices and Features
ThinkPad 560/560E System Overview
1-3
Device Video subsystem
Type
Features SVGA video functions: ThinkPad 560: Up to 256 colors on the DSTN LCD Up to 16 777 216 colors on an external display Up to 65 536 colors on the TFT LCD Up to 16 777 216 colors on an external display ThinkPad 560E: Up to 65 536 colors on the DSTN LCD Up to 16 777 216 colors on an external display Up to 262 144 colors on the TFT LCD Up to 16 777 216 colors on an external display See "Video Subsystem" on page 3-2 for more details of the video subsystem. Seven DMA channels (AT compatible) Four 8-bit channels and three 16-bit channels 15 levels of system interrupts (interrupts are edge-triggered) Internal keyboard TrackPoint III Auxiliary device connector Password security Supports: 3.5-in. diskette (1.44MB) 3.5-in. diskette (1.2MB) (Japan Unique) 3.5-in. diskette (720KB)
DMA controller Interrupt controller Keyboard/auxiliary device controller
1 1 1
Diskette drive controller
2
Hard disk controller Serial controller port Parallel controller port
2
Supports IDE controller EIA-232-E interface (16550 compatible) Programmable as serial port 1, 2, 3, or 4 One 9-pin, D-sub connector Programmable as parallel port 1, 2, or 3 IEEE P1284-A compatible Supports bidirectional input and output Enhanced Parallel Port (EPP) compatible Extended Capabilities Port (ECP) compatible Supports externally attached devices: Port replicator Conforms to the standards and specifications listed in Figure 3-1 on page 3-8. Two Type I or II PC cards One Type III PC card
1
Expansion bus adapter PCMCIA** slots
Figure 1-2 (Part 2 of 3). System Board Devices and Features
1-4
ThinkPad 560/560E System Overview
Device Audio subsystem Infrared subsystem
Type
Features Sound Blaster**-Pro compatible Supports: ThinkPad 560: IrDA 1.0 ThinkPad 560E: IrDA 1.1
Personal Computer Memory Card International Association
Figure 1-2 (Part 3 of 3). System Board Devices and Features
ThinkPad 560/560E System Overview
1-5
System Board I/O Address Map
Figure 1-3 shows the I/O address map.
Address (Hex) 0000001F 0020, 0021 0022003F 00400043 0048004B 0060 0061 0064 0070, 0071 00720077 0078007C 00810083, 0087 0089008B, 008F 0092 0094 0096 0098 00A0, 00A1 00C000DF 00F000FF 01020107 01700177 01A001DF 01F001F7 0201 0220022F 0240024F 026E026F 0278027A 027B027F 02E802EF 02F802FF 03000302 03300331 0338038B 03760377 0378037A 037B037F 0388038B 03980399 Device DMA controller (03) Interrupt controller (Master) Reserved System timer 1 Reserved Keyboard, auxiliary device System control port B Keyboard, auxiliary device RT/CMOS and NMI mask Reserved Reserved DMA page registers (03) DMA page registers (47) System control port A Reserved Reserved System flash ROM control register Interrupt controller (slave) DMA controller (47) Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Hard disk drive registers Reserved Audio subsystem - Sound Blaster 1 Audio subsystem - Sound Blaster 2 Reserved Parallel port 3 Reserved Serial port 4 Serial port 2 Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Parallel port 2 Reserved Audio subsystem - FM synthesizer Reserved
Figure 1-3 (Part 1 of 2). System Board I/O Address Map
1-6
ThinkPad 560/560E System Overview
Address (Hex) 03B4, 03B5, 03BA 03BC03BE 03C003C5 03C603C9 03CA, 03CC, 03CE, 03CF 03D4, 03D5, 03DA, 3D8, 3D9 03E003E3 03E803EF 03F003F7 03F603F7 03F803FF 0D00, 0D01 15E815EF 210021FF 23C023C7 43C6, 43C7, 43C8, 43C9 46E8 83C6, 83C8 CF8CFB CFCCFF F104
Device Video subsystem Parallel port 1 Video subsystem Video DAC Video subsystem Video subsystem PCMCIA interface Serial port 3 Diskette drive controller Hard disk drive registers Serial port 1 Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved PCI Configuration Address Register PCI Configuration Data Register Reserved
Figure 1-3 (Part 2 of 2). System Board I/O Address Map
ThinkPad 560/560E System Overview
1-7
Specifications
Figure 1-4 to Figure 1-7 on page 1-10 list the specifications for the computer. Performance Specifications
Device Microprocessor (66 MHz15 ns clock) Access to RAM: Memory read Page hit, burst Page miss, burst Memory write Page miss, burst Access to ROM: Refresh rate (typically performed every 15.6 µs) DMA controller (4 MHz250 µs clock): Bus cycles (AT): 8 bit 16 bit Cycle Time (ns)
240 ns 360 ns 45 ns 1000 750 (minimum) 1250 1000 625
The cycle times shown for access to system-board RAM are based on 70 ns EDO memory.
Device Microprocessor (60 MHz16.5 ns clock) Memory read Page hit, burst Page miss, burst Memory write Page miss, burst
Cycle Time (ns) 216 ns 350 ns 50 ns
Figure 1-4. Performance Specifications for the ThinkPad 560/560E
1-8
ThinkPad 560/560E System Overview
Physical Specifications
Size Width: 297 mm (11.7 in.) Depth: 222 mm (8.7 in.) Height: 31.0 mm (1.22 in.) Weight (approximate value) DSTN display: 1.87 kg (4.12 lb) TFT display: 1.86 kg (4.10 lb) Air Temperature System on (without diskette) 5.0°C to 35.0°C (41°F to 95°F) System on (with diskette) 10.0°C to 35.0°C (50°F to 95°F) System off 5.0°C to 43.0°C (41°F to 110°F) Humidity System (without diskette) 8% to 95% System (with diskette) 8% to 80% Maximum altitude : 3048 m (10 000 ft) in unpressurized conditions Heat output: 35 W (119.4 BTUs/hour) at maximum configuration Acoustical readings (see Figure 1-7 on page 1-10) Electrical (see Figure 1-6 on page 1-10) Electromagnetic compatibility: FCC class B With battery pack installed. This is the maximum altitude at which the specified air temperatures apply. At higher altitudes, the maximum air temperatures are lower than those specified.
Figure 1-5. Physical Specifications for the ThinkPad 560/560E
ThinkPad 560/560E System Overview
1-9
Electrical Specifications
Input Voltage (V ac) Frequency (Hz) Input (kVA) (35 W) 100240 50/60 0.132
Range is automatically selected; sine wave input is required. At maximum configuration.
Figure 1-6. Electrical Specifications for the ThinkPad 560/560E
Acoustical Readings
LWAd in bels Operate Idle 4.0 3.4 LpAm in dB Operate Idle 34 30 m in dB Operate Idle 27 22
Notes: LWAd LpAm m Operate Is the declared sound power level for the random sample of machines. Is the mean value of the A-weighted sound pressure levels at the operator position (if any) for the random sample of machines. Is the mean value of the A-weighted sound pressure levels at the one-meter position for the random sample of machines. Shows the value while using the hard disk drive.
All measurements made in accordance with ANSI S12.10 and reported in conformance with ISO 9296.
Figure 1-7. Acoustical Readings for the ThinkPad 560/560E
1-10
ThinkPad 560/560E System Overview
Power Supply
The power supply converts the ac voltage to dc voltage and provides power for the following: System board set Diskette drive Hard disk drive Auxiliary devices Keyboard LCD panel PCMCIA cards
Voltages
The power supply generates five different dc voltages: VCCCPU, VCC3A, VCC5M, VCCSW, and VCC12M. Figure 1-8 shows the maximum current for each voltage.
Output VCCCPU VCC3A VCC5M VCCSW VCC12M Voltage (V dc) +2.9 or +2.5 +3.3 +5.0 +5.0 +12.0 Current (A) 2.20 2.00 3.00 0.01 0.11
Figure 1-8. Power Supply Maximum Current
ThinkPad 560/560E System Overview
1-11
Output Protection
A short circuit placed on any dc output (between outputs or between an output and a dc return) latches all dc outputs into a shutdown state, with no hazardous condition to the power supply. If an overvoltage fault occurs in the power supply, the power supply latches all dc outputs into a shutdown state before any output exceeds 135% of the nominal value of the power supply.
Voltage Sequencing
When power is turned on, the output voltages reach their operational voltages within 2 seconds.
Power Supply Connector
The following connector is used with the AC Adapter. The total power capacity of this connector must not exceed 4.0 A.
2 1
Refer to Figure 1-9 for the appropriate adapter pin assignments.
Pin 1 2 Voltage +7.0 V dc to +16.0 V dc (depending on charging conditions) Ground
Figure 1-9. Voltage Pin Assignments for 35W AC Adapter
1-12
ThinkPad 560/560E System Overview
Battery Pack
The ThinkPad computer uses a lithium-ion (Li-Ion) battery pack that meets the following electrical specifications:
Nominal Voltage Capacity (average) Protection +10.8 V dc 2.2 ampere hours (AH) Overcurrent protection Overvoltage protection Overdischarge protection Thermal protection
Figure 1-10. Battery Pack Specifications
ThinkPad 560/560E System Overview
1-13
1-14
ThinkPad 560/560E System Overview
Section 2. System Board
Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Microprocessor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cache Memory Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cacheable Address Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Keyboard/Mouse Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Scan Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Keyboard ID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Displayable Characters and Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . Hard Disk Drive Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . External Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Diskette Drive and Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Diskette Drive Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ROM Subsystem RAM Subsystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . System Memory Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . System Board Memory Connector for DIMM . . . . . . . RT/CMOS RAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RT/CMOS Address and NMI Mask Register (Hex 0070) RT/CMOS Data Register (Hex 0071) . . . . . . . . . . RT/CMOS RAM I/O Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . CMOS RAM Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Miscellaneous System Functions and Ports . . . . . . . . . Nonmaskable Interrupt (NMI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . System Control Port B (Hex 0061) . . . . . . . . . . . . . System Control Port A (Hex 0092) . . . . . . . . . . . . . Power-On Password . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Selectable Drive-Startup Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hardware Compatibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Error Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2-2 2-2 2-2 2-3 2-4 2-4 2-4 2-5 2-6 2-7 2-8 2-9 2-11 2-12 2-13 2-13 2-13 2-14 2-14 2-16 2-17 2-17 2-18 2-22 2-26 2-26 2-27 2-28 2-29 2-29 2-30 2-31
© Copyright IBM Corp. 1996, 1997
2-1
Description
This section describes the microprocessor, connectors, memory subsystems, and miscellaneous system functions and ports for the ThinkPad computers. You can find additional information about these topics in IBM Personal System/2 Hardware Interface Technical ReferenceAT-Bus Subsystems.
Microprocessor
The ThinkPad 560 uses the Intel Pentium 100/120/133MHz microprocessor. This microprocessor contains a full 32-bit RISC integer core, a built-in math coprocessor, and a 16KB internal cache memory. The ThinkPad 560E uses the Intel Pentium 150/166MHz microprocessor with the MMX technology. This microprocessor contains a full 32-bit RISC integer core, a built-in math coprocessor, and a 32KB on-chip cache memory.
Cache Memory Operation
The cache memory in the Intel Pentium microprocessor enables the microprocessor to read instructions and data much faster than if the microprocessor had to access system memory. When an instruction is first used or data is first read or written, it is transferred to the cache memory from main memory. This enables future accesses to the instructions or data to occur much faster. The cache is disabled and empty when the microprocessor comes out of the reset state. The cache is tested and enabled during the power-on self-test (POST). The cache memory in the Intel Pentium microprocessor is loaded from system memory in 32-byte increments, each referred to as a cache line. A cache line is aligned on a paragraph boundary. A reference to any byte contained in a cache line results in the entire line being read into the cache memory (if the data was not already in the cache). When the microprocessor gives up control of the system bus, the cache memory enters "snoop" mode and monitors all write and read operations. If memory data is written to a location in the cache and the cache line is in the "modified" state, the corresponding cache line is written back to system memory and is invalidated.
2-2
ThinkPad 560/560E System Board
When the microprocessor performs a memory read, the data address is used to find the data in the cache. If the data is found (a hit), it is read from the cache memory and no external bus cycle occurs. If the data is not found (a miss), an external bus cycle is used to read the data from system memory. If the address of the missed data is in a cacheable address space, the data is stored in the cache memory and the remainder of the cache line is read. When the microprocessor performs a memory write, the data address is used to search the cache. If the address is found (a hit), the data is written to the cache and no external bus cycle is used to write the data to system memory. (If the address of the write operation was not in the cache memory but was in cacheable address space, the data is read back into the cache memory and the remainder of the cache line is read.)
Cacheable Address Space
Cacheable address space is defined as system memory that resides on the system board (0640KB and 1MB40MB or 80MB ). Nothing in address range hex A0000BFFFF, I/O address space, or memory in any AT slot is cached. ROM address space (hex C0000C7FFF) is L1 cacheable for code read operations only. If data in this address range is already in cache memory and the address range is written to, the cached line is invalidated and is read again from RAM (in which the BIOS is shadowed in).
Cacheability of system memory is up to 64MB in the L2 cache, and is up to 4GB in the on-chip L1 cache.
ThinkPad 560/560E System Board
2-3
Keyboard/Mouse Connector
Each ThinkPad computer has a keyboard/mouse connector where the IBM mouse, keyboard, or numeric keypad is connected.
Signals
The keyboard and mouse signals are driven by open-collector drivers pulled to 5 V dc through a pull-up resistor. Figure 2-1 lists the signals.
Sink current High-level output voltage Low-level output voltage High-level input voltage Low-level input voltage 20 mA 5.0 V dc minus pullup 0.5 V dc 2.0 V dc 0.8 V dc Maximum Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum
Figure 2-1. Keyboard and Mouse Signals
Connector
The keyboard/mouse connector uses a 6-pin, miniature DIN connector.
6 4 2 1 5 3
Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6
I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O
Signal Name Mouse Data Keyboard Data Ground +5 V dc Mouse Clock Keyboard Clock
Figure 2-2. Keyboard/Mouse Connector Pin Assignments
Note: The maximum current for +5 V dc (pin 4) is 0.5 A for both the mouse and the numeric keypad.
2-4
ThinkPad 560/560E System Board
Scan Codes
Figure 2-3 shows the key numbers assigned to keys on the 84-key keyboard (for the U.S. and Japan). Figure 2-4 on page 2-6 shows the key numbers assigned to keys on the 85-key keyboard (for countries other than the U.S. and Japan). For scan codes assigned to each numbered key, refer to the IBM Personal System/2 Hardware Interface Technical Reference.
110 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 124 121 125 122 126 123 75 76 80 81 85 86
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
43
44
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
57
Fn
58
60
61
62
64 79
83 84 89
Left
Right
Figure 2-3. Key Numbers for the 84-Key Keyboard
ThinkPad 560/560E System Board
2-5
110 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120
124 121
125 122
126 123
75 76
80 81
85 86
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28 43
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
57
Fn
58
60
61
62
64 79
83 84 89
Left
Right
Figure 2-4. Key Numbers for the 85-Key Keyboard
Keyboard ID
The keyboard ID consists of 2 bytes: hex 83AB (the built-in keyboard with the external numeric keypad) or hex 84AB (the built-in keyboard only). Interrupt 16H, function code (AH)=0AH, returns the keyboard ID.
2-6
ThinkPad 560/560E System Board
Figure 2-5 shows the key numbers assigned to keys on the external numeric keypad. For scan codes assigned to each numbered key, refer to the IBM Personal System/2 Hardware Interface Technical Reference.
90 95 100 105
91
96
101 106
92
97
102
93
98
103 108
99
104
Figure 2-5. Key Numbers for the External Numeric Keypad
Displayable Characters and Symbols
For displayable characters and symbols that are keyable from the keyboard, refer to the IBM Personal System/2 Hardware Interface Technical Reference.
ThinkPad 560/560E System Board
2-7
Hard Disk Drive Connector
The hard disk drive is connected to the system board. The following shows the pin assignments for the connector on the system board.
1
49
2
Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Signal JP1 JP1 JP2 JP2 -HRESET GND HD07 HD08 HD06 HD09 HD05 HD10 HD04 HD11 HD03 HD12 HD02 HD13 Description Jumper (master) Jumper (master) Jumper (slave) Jumper (slave) Not connected Not connected Reset Ground Data 7 Data 8 Data 6 Data 9 Data Data Data Data Data Data Data Data 5 10 4 11 3 12 2 13 Pin 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45
50
Signal GND -HIOW GND -HIOR GND IORDY GND HIRQ HA01 HA00 HA02 -HCS0 -HCS1 -DASP GND +5V +5V GND Description Not connected Not connected Ground I/O write Ground I/O read Ground I/O ready Not connected Not connected Ground Interrupt Request Not connected Address 1 Not connected Address 0 Address 2 Chip select 0 Chip select 1 Drive (active/slave drive present) Ground +5V dc +5V dc Ground Not connected
21 22 23 24 25
HD01 HD14 HD00 HD15 GND
Data 1 Data 14 Data 0 Data 15 Ground
46 47 48 49 50
Figure 2-6. Hard Disk Drive Connector Pin Assignments
2-8
ThinkPad 560/560E System Board
External Connector
The Port Replicator is connected through the 100-pin external connector at the bottom of the computer. This connector is installed on the system board and has the following pin assignments:
(Rear of the Computer)
100 51
50
1
Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
Signal GND NC AC/DC Power AC/DC Power AC/DC Power AC/DC Power NC GND NC 5V NC GND GND Data Rate Select 1 -Drive Select 1 Data Rate Select 0 -Motor Enable 0 -Direction In -Step Write Data -Write Enable -Head 1 Select
Type G W W W W G W G G F F F F F F F F F
Pin 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72
Signal GND NC AC/CD AC/DC AC/DC AC/DC NC GND NC 5V NC GND NC -Index NC NC -Track 0 NC -Write Protect Read Data GND -Diskette Change
Type G W W W W G W G F F F F G F
Power Power Power Power
Type Legend: G: Ground F: Diskette drive signal S: Serial port signal V: Video signal W: Power line K: Keyboard/Mouse signal P: Parallel port signal
Figure 2-7 (Part 1 of 2). 100-Pin External Connector Pin Assignments
ThinkPad 560/560E System Board
2-9
Pin 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
Signal GND NC Mouse Data Mouse Clock GND NC NC GND Ring Indicator Clear to Send Request to Send Data Set Ready GND GND -AUTO FD XT -ERROR -INIT -SLCT IN Data Bit 4 Data Bit 6 -ACK PE GND RED BLUE HSYNC VSYNC GND
Type G K K G G S S S S G G P P P P P P P P G V V V V G
Pin 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100
Signal GND SAFE5V Keyboard Data Keyboard Clock GND NC NC GND Data Terminal Ready Transmit Data Receive Data Data Carrier Detect GND -STROBE Data Bit 0 Data Bit 1 Data Bit 2 Data Bit 3 Data Bit 5 Data Bit 7 BUSY SLCT GND -VIDEO_PDN GREEN DDCDATA DDCCLOCK GND
Type G W K K G G S S S S G P P P P P P P P P G V V V V G
Type Legend: G: Ground F: Diskette drive signal S: Serial port signal V: Video signal W: Powerline K: Keyboard/Mouse signal P: Parallel port signal
Figure 2-7 (Part 2 of 2). 100-Pin External Connector Pin Assignments
2-10
ThinkPad 560/560E System Board
Diskette Drive and Controller
Figure 2-8 shows the read, write, and format capabilities of the diskette drive for the ThinkPad computer.
Format Size Diskette Type 3.5-inch 1.0MB Diskette 3.5-inch 2.0MB Diskette Legend: : 1KB (kilobyte) 1MB (megabyte) R W F 1024 bytes 1 048 576 bytes Read Write Format 720KB RWF - 1.2MB - RWF 1.44MB - RWF
Figure 2-8. Diskette Drive Read, Write, and Format Capabilities
ThinkPad 560/560E System Board
2-11
Diskette Drive Connector
The external diskette drive is connected through the diskette drive connector, located on the left side of the computer. Figure 2-9 shows the pin assignments of the connector:
25
1
26
Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 Signal GND DRATE1 VCC5B GND GND -INDEX -DRVSEL0 DRATE0 -MOTEN0 -FDIR -FSTEP WRDATA -FWREN GND -TRAK0 -FWPROTECT RDDATA -FSIDE1SEL -DISKCHG
2
Type Ground Data Rate Select 1 +5V dc Reserved Ground Reserved Ground Index Reserved Reserved Drive Select 0 Data Rate Select 0 Motor Enable 0 Reserved Direction In Step Write Data Write Enable Ground Track 0 Reserved Write Protect Read Data Side 1 Select Reserved Disk Change
Figure 2-9. Diskette Drive Connector Pin Assignments
2-12
ThinkPad 560/560E System Board
Memory
The ThinkPad computers use the following types of memory: Read-only memory (ROM) Random access memory (RAM) Real-time clock/complementary metal-oxide semiconductor RAM (RT/CMOS RAM)
ROM Subsystem
The ROM subsystem consists of four banks of 128KB memory. ROM is active when power is turned on and is assigned to the top of the first and last 1MB of address space (hex 000F0000000FFFFF and hex FFFF0000FFFFFFFF). After POST checks that system memory is operating correctly, the ROM code is copied to RAM at the same address space, and ROM is disabled.
RAM Subsystem
The RAM subsystem on the system board starts at address hex 00000000 of the address space. The RAM subsystem for the ThinkPad 560 is 64 bits wide. The 8MB (ThinkPad 560) or 16MB (ThinkPad 560E) base memory is on the system board. One 144-pin 8-byte dual inline memory module (DIMM) connector is provided on the system board. This connector accepts a 8MB, 16MB, 32MB, or 64MB1 DIMM. The memory capacity can be increased up to 40MB (ThinkPad 560) or 80MB (ThinkPad 560E) when a DIMM is used (see "System Board Memory Connector for DIMM" on page 2-14). The total amount of usable memory is less than the amount of memory installed because of ROM-to-RAM remapping and power management.
1
A 64MB DIMM is supported by ThinkPad 560E only.
ThinkPad 560/560E System Board
2-13
System Memory Map
Memory is mapped by the memory controller registers. Figure 2-10 shows the memory map for a correctly functioning system. Memory can be mapped differently if POST detects an error in system board memory or RT/CMOS RAM. In the figure, the variable x represents the number of 1MB blocks of system board memory starting at or above the hex 100000 boundary.
Hex Address Range 00000000 to 0009FFFF 000A0000 to 000BFFFF 000C0000 to 000C7FFF 000C8000 to 000EFFFF 000F0000 to 000FFFFF 00100000 to (00100000 + xMB) FFFF0000 to FFFFFFFF Function 640KB system board RAM Video RAM System board video BIOS ROM mapped to RAM Channel ROM 64KB system board ROM mapped to RAM
xMB system board RAM
64KB system board ROM (same as 000F0000 to 000FFFFF)
Figure 2-10. System Memory Map
System Board Memory Connector for DIMM
The system board of ThinkPad 560 has one DIMM connector that directly accepts one 144-pin DIMM of one of the following three different capacities: 8MB, 16MB, or 32MB. The system board of ThinkPad 560E has one DIMM connector that directly accepts one 144-pin DIMM of one of the following four different capacities: 8MB, 16MB, 32MB, or 64MB (2-bank type). Figure 2-11 on page 2-15 shows the pin assignments for the DIMM connector.
2-14
ThinkPad 560/560E System Board
Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48
Signal Ground Ground MD15 MD48 MD14 MD49 MD13 MD50 MD12 MD51 +3.3V dc +3.3V dc MD11 MD52 MD10 MD53 MD9 MD54 MD8 MD55 Ground Ground -CAS1 -CAS6 -CAS5 -CAS2 +3.3V dc +3.3V dc MA0 MA3 MA1 MA4 MA2 MA5 Ground Ground MD47 MD16 MD46 MD17 MD45 MD18 MD44 MD19 +3.3V dc +3.3V dc MD43 MD20
Pin 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96
Signal MD42 MD21 MD41 MD22 MD40 MD23 Ground Ground Ground Ground Ground Ground not connected Not connected +3.3V dc +3.3V dc Not connected Not connected -WE Not connected -RAS2 Not connected -RAS3 Not connected Ground Not connected Ground Ground Ground Ground Ground Ground +3.3V dc +3.3V dc MD31 MD32 MD30 MD33 MD29 MD34 MD28 MD35 Ground Ground MD27 MD36 MD26 MD37
Pin 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144
Signal MD25 MD38 MD24 MD39 +3.3V dc +3.3V dc MA6 MA7 MA8 MA11 Ground Ground MA9 Ground MA10 Ground +3.3V dc +3.3V dc -CAS3 -CAS4 -CAS7 -CAS0 Ground Ground MD56 MD7 MD57 MD6 MD58 MD5 MD59 MD4 +3.3V dc +3.3V dc MD60 MD3 MD61 MD2 MD62 MD1 MD63 MD0 Ground Ground I C Data I C Clock +3.3V dc +3.3V dc
Figure 2-11. DIMM Connector Pin Assignments
ThinkPad 560/560E System Board
2-15
RT/CMOS RAM
The RT/CMOS RAM (real-time clock/complementary metal-oxide semiconductor RAM) module contains the real-time clock and 128 bytes of CMOS RAM. The clock circuitry uses 14 bytes of this memory; the remainder is allocated to configuration and system-status information. A battery is built into the module to keep the RT/CMOS RAM active when the power supply is not turned on. Figure 2-12 lists the RT/CMOS RAM bytes and their addresses.
Address (Hex) 00000D 00E 00F 010 011 012 013 014 015, 016 017, 018 019 01A 01B 01C 01D02D 02E, 02F 030, 031 032 03307F RT/CMOS RAM Bytes Real-time clock Diagnostic status Shutdown status Diskette drive type Hard disk 2 and 3 drive type Hard disk 0 and 1 drive type Reserved Equipment Low and high base memory Low and high expansion memory Hard disk 0 extended byte Hard disk 1 extended byte Hard disk 2 extended byte Hard disk 3 extended byte Reserved Checksum Low and high usable memory above 1MB Date-century Reserved
Figure 2-12. RT/CMOS RAM Address Map
2-16
ThinkPad 560/560E System Board
RT/CMOS Address and NMI Mask Register (Hex 0070) The NMI mask register is used with the RT/CMOS data register (hex 0071) to read from and write to the RT/CMOS RAM bytes. Attention The operation following a write to hex 0070 should access hex 0071; otherwise, intermittent failures of the RT/CMOS RAM can occur.
Bit 7 60
Function NMI mask RT/CMOS RAM address
Figure 2-13. RT/CMOS Address and NMI Mask Register (Hex 0070)
Bit 7 Bits 60
When this write-only bit is set to 1, the NMI is masked (disabled). This bit is set to 1 by a power-on reset. These bits are used to select RT/CMOS RAM addresses.
RT/CMOS Data Register (Hex 0071) The RT/CMOS data register is used with the RT/CMOS address and NMI mask register (hex 0070) to read from and write to the RT/CMOS RAM bytes.
Bit 70 Function RT/CMOS data
Figure 2-14. RT/CMOS Data Register (Hex 0071)
ThinkPad 560/560E System Board
2-17
RT/CMOS RAM I/O Operations During I/O operations to the RT/CMOS RAM addresses, you should mask interrupts to prevent other interrupt routines from changing the RT/CMOS address register before data is read or written. After I/O operations, you should leave the RT/CMOS address and NMI mask register (hex 0070) pointing to status register D (hex 00D). Attention The operation following a write to hex 0070 should access hex 0071; otherwise, intermittent failures of the RT/CMOS RAM can occur. Writing to the RT/CMOS RAM requires the following: 1. Write the RT/CMOS RAM address to the RT/CMOS address and NMI mask register (hex 0070). 2. Write the data to the RT/CMOS data register (hex 0071). 3. Write the address, hex 0F, to the RT/CMOS and NMI mask register; this leaves hex 0070 pointing to the shutdown status byte (hex 0F). 4. Read address hex 0071 to restore the RT/CMOS. Reading from the RT/CMOS RAM requires the following steps: 1. Write the RT/CMOS RAM address to the RT/CMOS and NMI mask register (hex 0070). 2. Read the data from the RT/CMOS data register (hex 0071). 3. Write the address, hex 0F, to the RT/CMOS and NMI mask register; this leaves hex 0070 pointing to the shutdown status byte (hex 0F). 4. Read address hex 0071 to restore the RT/CMOS.
2-18
ThinkPad 560/560E System Board
Real-Time Clock Bytes (Hex 00000D): Bit definitions and addresses for the real-time clock bytes are shown in Figure 2-15.
Address (Hex) 000 001 002 003 004 005 006 007 008 009 00A 00B 00C 00D Function Seconds Second alarm Minutes Minute alarm Hours Hour alarm Day of week Date of month Month Year Status register Status register Status register Status register Byte Number 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
A B C D
Figure 2-15. Real-Time Clock Bytes (Hex 00000D)
Note: The Setup program initializes status registers A and B when the time and date are set. Interrupt 1AH is the BIOS interface to read and set the time and date; it initializes the registers in the same way that the Setup program does.
Status Register A (Hex 00A)
Bit 7 64 30 Function Update in progress 22-stage divider Rate-selection bits
Figure 2-16. Status Register A (Hex 00A)
Bit 7
When set to 1, this bit indicates that the time-update cycle is in progress. When set to 0, it indicates that the current date and time can be read. These bits identify which time-base frequency is being used. The system initializes these bits to binary 010, which selects a 32.768-kHz time base. This is the only value supported by the system for proper timekeeping. These bits allow the selection of a divider output frequency. The system initializes the rate-selection bits to a binary 0110, which selects a 1.024-kHz
Bits 64
Bits 30
ThinkPad 560/560E System Board
2-19
square-wave output frequency and a 976.562-microsecond periodic interrupt rate.
Status Register B (Hex 00B)
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Function Set Enable periodic interrupt Enable alarm interrupt Enable update-ended interrupt Enable square wave Date mode 24-hour mode Enable daylight-saving time
Figure 2-17. Status Register B (Hex 00B)
Bit 7
When set to 0, this bit updates the cycle, normally by advancing the count at a rate of one cycle per second. When set to 1, it immediately ends any update cycle in progress, and the program can initialize the 14 time bytes without any further updates occurring until this bit is set to 0. This is a read/write bit that allows an interrupt to occur at a rate specified by the rate and divider bits in status register A. When set to 1, this bit enables the interrupt. The system initializes this bit to 0. When set to 1, this bit enables the alarm interrupt. The system initializes this bit to 0. When set to 1, this bit enables the update-ended interrupt. The system initializes this bit to 0. When set to 1, this bit enables the square-wave frequency as set by the rate-selection bits in status register A. The system initializes this bit to 0. This bit indicates whether the binary-coded-decimal (BCD) or binary format is used for time-and-date calendar updates. When set to 1, this bit indicates the binary format. The system initializes this bit to 0. This bit indicates whether the hours byte is in 12-hour or 24-hour mode. When set to 1, this bit indicates the 24-hour mode. The system initializes this bit to 1.
Bit 6
Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
2-20
ThinkPad 560/560E System Board
Bit 0
When set to 1, this bit enables the daylight-saving-time mode. When set to 0, this bit disables the daylight-saving-time mode, and the clock reverts to standard time. The system initializes this bit to 0.
Status Register C (Hex 00C)
Bit 7 6 5 4 30 Function Interrupt request flag Periodic interrupt flag Alarm interrupt flag Update-ended interrupt flag Reserved
Figure 2-18. Status Register C (Hex 00C)
Note: Interrupts are enabled by bits 6, 5, and 4 in status register B. Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bits 30 When set to 1, this bit indicates that an interrupt has occurred; bits 6, 5, and 4 indicate the type of interrupt. When set to 1, this bit indicates that a periodic interrupt has occurred. When set to 1, this bit indicates that an alarm interrupt has occurred. When set to 1, this bit indicates that an update-ended interrupt has occurred. These bits are reserved.
Status Register D (Hex 00D)
Bit 7 60 Function Valid RAM Reserved
Figure 2-19. Status Register D (Hex 00D)
Bit 7
This read-only bit monitors the internal battery. When set to 1, this bit indicates that the real-time clock has power. When set to 0, it indicates that the real-time clock has lost power and the data in CMOS is no longer valid. These bits are reserved.
Bits 60
ThinkPad 560/560E System Board
2-21
CMOS RAM Configuration Figure 2-20 shows the bit definitions for the CMOS RAM configuration bytes.
Diagnostic Status Byte (Hex 00E)
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1, 0 Function Real-time clock power Configuration record and checksum status Incorrect configuration Memory size mismatch Hard disk controller/drive C initialization status Time status indicator Reserved
Figure 2-20. Diagnostic Status Byte (Hex 00E)
Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5
When set to 1, this bit indicates that the real-time clock has lost power. When set to 1, this bit indicates that the checksum is incorrect. This bit indicates the results of a power-on check of the equipment byte (hex 014). When set to 1, this bit indicates that the configuration information is incorrect. When set to 1, this bit indicates that the memory size does not match the configuration information. When set to 1, this bit indicates that the controller or hard disk drive failed initialization. When set to 1, this bit indicates that the time is invalid. These bits are reserved.
Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bits 1, 0
Shutdown Status Byte (Hex 00F): This byte is defined by the power-on diagnostic programs.
2-22
ThinkPad 560/560E System Board
Diskette Drive Type Byte (Hex 010): This byte indicates the type of the installed diskette drive.
Bit 74 30 Drive Type Diskette drive type Reserved
Figure 2-21. Diskette Drive Type Byte (Hex 010)
Bits 74
These bits indicate the diskette drive type.
Description
Bits 74
0110 Diskette drive (2.88MB) 0100 Diskette drive (1.44MB) Note: Combinations not shown are reserved.
Figure 2-22. Diskette Drive Type Bits 74
Bits 30
These bits are reserved.
Hard Disk Drive Type Byte (Hex 011): This byte defines the type of hard disk drive installed. Hex 00 indicates that no hard disk drive is installed.
Bit 74 30
Drive Type Hard disk drive type 2 Hard disk drive type 3
Figure 2-23. Hard Disk Type Byte (Hex 011)
Bit 74 0000 1111 Description No drive installed for hard disk drive 2 Use CMOS 1BH for hard disk drive 2
Figure 2-24. Hard Disk Drive Type 2 (Bits 74)
Bit 30 0000 1111
Description No drive installed for hard disk drive 3 Use CMOS 1CH for hard disk drive 3
Figure 2-25. Hard Disk Drive Type 3 (Bits 30)
ThinkPad 560/560E System Board
2-23
Hard Disk Drive Type Byte (Hex 012): This byte defines the type of hard disk drive installed. Hex 00 indicates that no hard disk drive is installed.
Bit 74 30 Drive Type Hard disk drive 0 Hard disk drive 1
Figure 2-26. Hard Disk Drive Type Byte
Reserved Bytes (Hex 013): These bytes are reserved. Equipment Byte (Hex 014): This byte defines the basic equipment in the system for the power-on diagnostic tests.
Bit 7, 6 5, 4 3, 2 1 0 Description Number of diskette drives Display operating mode Reserved Coprocessor presence Diskette drive 0 presence
Figure 2-27. Equipment Byte
Bits 7, 6
These bits indicate the number of installed diskette drives.
Number of Diskette Drives One drive Reserved Reserved Reserved
Bits 7,6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1
Figure 2-28. Installed Diskette Drive Bits
Bits 5, 4
These bits indicate the operating mode of the display attached to the video port.
Display Operating Mode Reserved 40-column mode 80-column mode Monochrome mode
Bits 5,4 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1
Figure 2-29. Display Operating Mode Bits
2-24
ThinkPad 560/560E System Board
Bits 32 Bit 1 Bit 0
These bits are reserved. When set to 1, this bit indicates that a coprocessor is installed. When set to 1, this bit indicates that physical diskette drive 0 is installed.
Low and High Base Memory Bytes (Hex 015 and Hex 016): The low and high base memory bytes define the amount of memory below the 640KB address space.
The value in these bytes represents the number of 1KB blocks of base memory. For example, hex 0280 indicates 640KB. The low byte is hex 015; the high byte is hex 016.
Low and High Expansion Memory Bytes (Hex 017 and Hex 018): The low and high expansion memory bytes define the amount of memory above the 1MB address space.
The value in these bytes represents the number of 1KB blocks of expansion memory. For example, hex 0800 indicates 2048KB. The low byte is hex 017; the high byte is hex 018.
Reserved Bytes (Hex 01D02D): These bytes are reserved. Configuration Checksum Bytes (Hex 02E and Hex 02F): The configuration checksum bytes contain the checksum character for bytes hex 010 through hex 02D of the 64-byte CMOS RAM. The high byte is hex 02E; the low byte is hex 02F. Low and High Usable Memory Bytes (Hex 030 and Hex 031): The low and high usable memory bytes define the total amount of contiguous memory from 1MB to 20MB.
The hexadecimal values in these bytes represent the number of 1KB blocks of usable memory. For example, hex 0800 is equal to 2048KB. The low byte is hex 30; the high byte is hex 31.
Date-Century Byte (Hex 032): Bits 7 through 0 of the date-century byte contain the binary-coded decimal value for the century. For information about reading and setting this byte, refer to the IBM Personal System/2 and Personal Computer BIOS Interface. Reserved Bytes (Hex 03307F): These bytes are reserved.
ThinkPad 560/560E System Board
2-25
Miscellaneous System Functions and Ports
This section provides information about nonmaskable interrupts (NMIs), the power-on password, and hardware compatibility.
Nonmaskable Interrupt (NMI)
The NMI signals the system microprocessor that a parity error or a channel check timeout has occurred. This situation can cause lost data or an overrun error on some I/O devices. The NMI masks all other interrupts. The interrupt return (IRET) instruction restores the interrupt flag to the state it was in before the interrupt occurred. A system reset causes a reset of the NMI. The NMI requests from system board parity and channel check are subject to mask control with the NMI mask bit in the RT/CMOS Address register. See "RT/CMOS Address and NMI Mask Register (Hex 0070)" on page 2-17. The power-on default of the NMI mask is 1 (NMI disabled). Before the NMI is enabled after a power-on reset, the parity-check states are initialized by POST. Attention The operation following a write to hex 0070 should access hex 0071; otherwise, intermittent failures of the RT/CMOS RAM can occur.
2-26
ThinkPad 560/560E System Board
System Control Port B (Hex 0061)
Bit definitions for the write and read functions of this port are shown in the following figures:
Bit 74 3 2 1 0 Function Reserved Reserved (should be 0) Enable parity check Enable speaker data Timer 2 gate to speaker
Figure 2-30. System Control Port B (Hex 0061, Write)
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Function Parity check Channel check Timer 2 output Toggles with each refresh request Reserved Enable parity check Enable speaker data Timer 2 gate to speaker
Figure 2-31. System Control Port B (Hex 0061, Read)
Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0
When set to 1, this bit indicates that the PCI System Error (SERR#) was pulsed active. When set to 1, this bit indicates a channel check has occurred. When read, this bit indicates the condition of the timer/counter 2 `output' signal. When read, this bit toggles for each refresh request. Reserved. When set to 0, this bit enables the PCI System Error (SERR#). This bit is set to 1 during a power-on reset. When set to 1, this bit enables the speaker data. When set to 1, this bit enables the timer 2 gate.
ThinkPad 560/560E System Board
2-27
System Control Port A (Hex 0092)
Bit 73 2 1 0 Function Reserved Reserved (must be set to 0) Alternate gate A20 Alternate hot reset
Figure 2-32. System Control Port A (Hex 0092)
Bits 73 Bit 2 Bit 1
These bits are reserved. This bit is reserved. This bit is used to enable the `address 20' signal (A20) when the microprocessor is in the real address mode. When this bit is set to 0, A20 cannot be used in real mode addressing. This bit is set to 0 during a system reset. This bit provides an alternative method of resetting the system microprocessor. This alternative method supports operating systems requiring faster operation than that provided on the IBM Personal Computer AT. Resetting the system microprocessor switches the microprocessor from protected mode to real address mode. This bit is set to 0 by either a system reset or a write operation. When a write operation changes this bit from 0 to 1, the `processor reset' signal is pulsed after the reset has occurred. While the reset is occurring, the latch remains set so that POST can read this bit. If the bit is set to 0, POST assumes that the system was just powered on. If the bit is set to 1, POST assumes that the microprocessor has been switched from protected mode to real mode. When bit 0 is used to reset the system microprocessor to the real mode, use the following procedure: 1. Disable all maskable and nonmaskable interrupts. 2. Reset the system microprocessor by writing a 1 to bit 0. 3. Issue a Halt instruction to the system microprocessor. 4. Reenable all maskable and nonmaskable interrupts.
Bit 0
2-28
ThinkPad 560/560E System Board
If you do not follow this procedure, the results are unpredictable. Note: Whenever possible, use BIOS as an interface to reset the system microprocessor to the real mode. For more information about resetting the system microprocessor, refer to the IBM Personal System/2 and Personal Computer BIOS Interface.
Power-On Password
RT/CMOS RAM has 8 bytes reserved for the power-on password and the check character. The 8 bytes are initialized to hex 00. The microprocessor can access these bytes only during POST. After POST is completed, if a power-on password is installed, the password bytes are locked and cannot be accessed by any program. During power-on password installation, the password (1 to 7 characters) is stored in the security space. Installing the password is a function of the built-in system program Easy-Setup. The power-on password does not appear on the screen when it is installed, changed, or removed. After the power-on password has been installed, it can be changed or removed only during POST. The computer also can have a keyboard password. For more information, see the keyboard and auxiliary device controller section of the IBM Personal System/2 Hardware Interface Technical Reference.
Selectable Drive-Startup Sequence
Selectable drive-startup (selectable boot) allows you to control the startup sequence of the drives in your computer. The order in which the computer looks for the drives for your operating system is the drive-startup sequence. If you are working with multiple operating systems, you might want to change the drive-startup sequence to load the operating system from the hard disk without first checking the diskette drive, or to do a remote program load (RPL).
ThinkPad 560/560E System Board
2-29
Attention When changing your startup sequence, you must be extremely careful when doing write operations (such as copying, saving, or formatting). Your data or programs can be overwritten if you select the wrong drive. For more information about the selectable drive-startup sequence, refer to the ThinkPad User's Guide.
Hardware Compatibility
The computer supports most of the interfaces used by the IBM Personal Computer AT* and the Personal System/2* (PS/2*) products. In many cases, command and status organization of these interfaces are maintained. The functional interfaces for the computer are compatible with the following: The Intel 8259 interrupt controllers (edge trigger mode). The Intel 8254 timers driven from 1.193 MHz (channels 0, 1, and 2). The Intel 8237 DMA controller-address/transfer counters, page registers, and status fields only. The command and request registers, and the rotate and mask functions, are not supported. The mode register is partially supported. The NS16550 serial communications controller. The Intel Pentium microprocessor (ThinkPad 560) or the Intel Pentium processor with the MMX technology (ThinkPad 560E). The Intel 8086**, 8088**, 80286**, 80386**, and i486DX microprocessors. The Intel 8087**, 80287**, 80387** math coprocessors. The Intel 82077AA** diskette drive controller. The keyboard interface at addresses hex 0060 and hex 0064. Display modes supported by the IBM Monochrome Display and Printer Adapter, the IBM Color/Graphics Monitor Adapter, and the IBM Enhanced Graphics Adapter.
2-30
ThinkPad 560/560E System Board
The parallel printer ports (Parallel 1, Parallel 2, and Parallel 3) in compatibility mode.
Error Codes
POST returns a three or more character code message to indicate the type of test that failed. Figure 2-33 lists the failure indicated with the associated error code.
Error Code 101 102 103 104 105 107 108 109 110 111 118 158 159 161 163 173 174 175 177 178 179 183 184 185 186 188 189 190 191XX 195 196 201 202 203 215 221 301
Description Interrupt failure. Timer failure. Timer interrupt failure. Protected mode failure. Last 8042 command not accepted. NMI test failure. Timer bus test failure. Low meg-chip select test. Planar parity. I/O parity. Planar parity error logged. A supervisor password is set, but no hard disk password is set. The hard disk password is not identical to the supervisor password. Dead battery. Date and time are not set; clock not updated. CMOS CRC error. Configuration error. Bad EEPROM CRC 1. Bad supervisor password checksum. EEPROM is not functional. NVRAM error log full. Supervisor password is needed. Bad power-on password checksum. Corrupted startup boot sequence. Inconsistency between EEPROM and security lock latch 2. Bad EEPROM CRC 2. Too many passwords attempted. Critically low battery condition detected. PM initialization error. Configuration mismatch error found during hibernation wake-up. Critical error found during hibernation wake-up. Memory data error. Memory line error 00 through 15. Memory line error 16 through 23. Memory test failure on on-board memory. ROM to RAM remap error. Keyboard error.
Figure 2-33 (Part 1 of 2). Error Codes
ThinkPad 560/560E System Board 2-31
Error Code 601 602 604 1101 1201 1701 1780, 1790 1781, 1791 2401 8081 8082 8601 8602 8603 8611 8612 8613 I9990301 I9990302 I9990303 I9990305
Description Diskette drive or controller error. No valid boot record on diskette. Invalid diskette drive error. Serial-A test failure. Serial-B test failure. Hard disk controller failure. Hard disk 0 error. Hard disk 1 error. System board video error. PCMCIA presence test failure (PCMCIA revision number also checked). PCMCIA register test failure. System bus error (8042 mouse interface). External mouse error. System bus error or mouse error. System bus error (I/F between 8042 and IPDC). TrackPoint III error. System board or TrackPoint III error. Hard disk error. Invalid hard disk boot record. Bank-2 flash ROM checksum error. No bootable device.
Figure 2-33 (Part 2 of 2). Error Codes
2-32
ThinkPad 560/560E System Board
Section 3. Subsystems
Video Subsystem . . . . . . . . . . Video Modes . . . . . . . . . . . Audio Subsystem . . . . . . . . . . Sound Blaster Support Function Audio Port Specifications . . . . Infrared (IR) Subsystem . . . . . . System Settings . . . . . . . . . PCMCIA Subsystem . . . . . . . . Pin Assignments . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-2 3-3 3-6 3-6 3-6 3-7 3-7 3-7 3-9
This section describes the video, DSP, IR, and PCMCIA subsystems of the ThinkPad computers. If also provides the Programmable Option Select (POS) information for the video, DSP, and IR subsystems.
© Copyright IBM Corp. 1996, 1997
3-1
Video Subsystem
The video subsystem consists of the SVGA video controller and video random-access memory. The video subsystem supports TFT and DSTN displays. The video subsystem also supports PS/2 analog displays without any additional adapters. Note: Use of any video subsystem features not documented in this book can result in future incompatibility.
ThinkPad 560
Displaying output on the LCD or both on the LCD and monitor:
Supported Color Depth Resolution 640×480 800×600 1024×768 (virtual screen) TFT models 256 and 65 536 256 and 65 536 256 and 65 536 DSTN models 256 256 256
Displaying output on the monitor:
Frame Rate 60Hz 72Hz 75Hz 640x480 85Hz 60Hz 75Hz 800x600 85Hz 60Hz 75Hz 85Hz 1024x768 43.5Hz (interlace) 256 256 256 and 65 536 256 and 65 536 256, 65 536, and 16 777 216 256, 65 536, and 16 777 216 Supported Color Depth TFT models DSTN models
Resolution
3-2
ThinkPad 560/560E Subsystems
ThinkPad 560E
Displaying output on the LCD or both on the LCD and monitor:
Resolution 640×480 800×600 1024×768 (virtual screen) 256 and 65 536 Supported Color Depth 256, 65 536, and 16 777 216
Displaying output on the monitor:
Resolution 640×480 Refresh Rate 60Hz 72Hz 75Hz 85Hz 800×600 60Hz 75Hz 85Hz 1024×768 60Hz 75Hz 43.5Hz (interlace) 1280×1024 60Hz 43.5Hz (interlace) 256 256 and 65 536 Supported Color Depth 256, 65 536, and 16 777 216
Video Modes
The video s