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DAS-1600/1400 Series
User's Guide
.frm Page 1 Monday, June 6, 1994 2:45 PM




DAS-1600/1400 Series
User's Guide




Revision A June 1994
Part Number: 81490
The information contained in this manual is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, the
manufacturer assumes no responsibility for its use or for any infringements of patents or other rights of
third parties that may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any
patent rights of the manufacturer.

THE MANUFACTURER SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR
CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES RELATED TO THE USE OF THIS PRODUCT. THIS PRODUCT
IS NOT DESIGNED WITH COMPONENTS OF A LEVEL OF RELIABILITY SUITABLE FOR USE
IN LIFE SUPPORT OR CRITICAL APPLICATIONS.

All brand and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies.

0 Copyright Keithley Instruments, Inc., 1994.

All rights reserved. Reproduction or adaptation of any part of this documentation beyond that permitted
by Section 117 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act without permission of the Copvight owner is
unlawful.
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Table of Contents
Preface
Manual Organization. . . . . xi
.
Related Documents Xl,1

1 Overview
Features ...................................... . 1-l
Supporting Software ............................ 1-3
Accessories ................................... 1-7

2 Functional Description
Analog Input Features ........................... .2-3
Differential/Single-Ended Selection .............. .2-3
UnipolariBipolar Selection ..................... 2-3
Channei Selection in Expanded Configurations. .... .2-4
Gain Selection. .............................. . .2-5
Conversion Modes ........................... .2-6
Clock Sources ............................... .,2-x
Triggers .................................... .2-9
Data Transfer Modes. ......................... .%I0
Analog Output Features(DA.%1600 Series Only) 2-11
Digital I/O Features ............................. :2-12
Counter/Timer Features. ......................... .2-13
Wait State Selection. ............................ .2-14
Power ........................................ .2-14

3 Setup and Installation
Iuspecting Your Package .............................. ,3-l
Installing the Software Package. ........................ ,3-2
Installing the DAS-1600/1400 Series Staudard Software. . .3-Z
Installing the ASO- and ASO- Advanced Software
Option...........................................3 -3
DOS Installation. ................................ 3-3
Windows Installation ............................ .3-4
Creating a Configuration File .......................... ,3-6
Default Configuration File .......................... .3-6
Configuration Utility. ............................... 3-X
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Setting Switch-Configurable Options 3-14
Setting the DAC BipolarRluipolar Switch
(DAS- 1600 Series Only) ,3- 15
Setting the DACO aud DACl Reference Voltage Switches
(DAS-1600 Series Only) . .3-15
Selting the ADC Bipolar/Unipolar Switch , ,3-16
Setting the Chau 8/16 Switch .3-16
Setting au Alternate Base Address . ,3-16
Setting the Clock Select Switch ,3-18
Setting the Wait State Enable Switch . .3-18
Setting the DMA Channel Select Switch ,3-18
Installing the Board . . .3- 18

4 Cabling and Wiring
Attaching Screw Terminal Connectors and Accessories ,4-Z
Attaching an STC-37 .4-2
Attaching an STP-37. . ~. .4-5
Attaching an STA-16.. ,4-6
Attaching an STA-LJ . .4-8
Attaching Expansion Accessories ,4- IO
Attaching an EXP-16 or EXP-16/A Expansion Accessory .4- 11
4 Attaching an EXP-GP Expansion Accessory
Attaching Multiple Expausion Accessories
,4- 12
,4- 13
4
Attaching an ISO- Accessory. .4- 15
Attaching SSH Accessories. ,4-16
Attaching an SSH-4/A . . . . ,4- 17
Attaching an SSH-8 .4- 17
Attaching an MB Series Backplane. ,4-20
Attaching an MB01 Backplane. .4-21
Attaching au MB02 Backplane. . .4-22
Connecting Analog Signals . . ,4-24
Precautions for Using DAS-1601/1401Boards at
High Gains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...4-2
Additional Precautions .4-25
Connecting a Signal to a Single-Ended Analog Input .4-26
Connecting a Signal to a Differeutial Analog Input .4-27
Common Connection Schemesfor Differential Inputs ,4-27
Avoiding Ground Loops with Differential Inputs .4-29
Connecting Analog Output Signals. ,4-3 1

5 The Control Panel


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6 Calibration
Equipment Requirements. ............................ ..6- 1
Potentiometers and Test Points .......................... 6-1
Calibration Utility ................................... .6-2

7 Troubleshooting
Problem Isolation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...7-I
Identifying Symptoms and Possible Causes. . ,7-l
Testing the Board and Host Computer .7-4
Testing the Accessory Slot and I/O Connections ,7-5
Technical Support , ,7-6

A Specifications

B Connector Pin Assignments
Main I/O Connector (Jl) . . .B-2
PI0 Cable Connector (J2) (DAS-1600 Series Only). .B-3

c Using the DA-S-1600 External Driver
Options Supported ................................... .C- I
4 Quick Start ........................................ ..c- 2 4
Setting Up the Board. .............................. .C-2
Loading the DAS-1600 External Driver. ............... .C-3
Loading the External Driver in Multiple Board
Configurations. .................................. .C-3
Using the External Driver with Application
SoftwarePackages.. ............................ ..C- 4
VIEWDAC.....................................C- 4
EASYESTLXIAG.. ........................... .C-4
ASYST........................................C- 5
DAS- 1600 External Driver Characteristics ................ .C-5
Channels and Gains. ............................... .C-5
Cascading Multiple Expansion Accessories. ............ .C-6
Setting Expansion Accessory Gains ................... .C-7
ConversionModes.. ............................. ..C- 8
Using Pseudo-Digital Output Channels. ............. .C-8
BurstModeandSSHMode.. ..................... C-10
Altering the Burst Mode Conversion Rate. ........... C-l I
Clock Sources....................................C-14
Triggers ........................................ .c-14
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Using Pseudo-Digital Output Channels, .c-14
Types of Analog Triggers. ................... .c-17
Using a Hysteresis Value .................... .C-18
Synchronous, DMA, and Interrupt Operations, ..... .c-19
Digital I/O Characteristics ..................... .c-20
DAS-1600 Series Boards .................... .c-20
DAS-1400 Series Boards .................... .C-24
Counter/Timer Functions ...................... .C-25
Event Counting ........................... .C-25
Pulse Output .............................. .C-26
Software Interrupt Vectors ..................... .C-26
DAS- 1600 External Driver Error Messages .......... .C-27

D Keithley Memory Manager
Installing and Setting Up the KMM. ................ D-2
Using KMMSETUPEXE ...................... D-2
Using a Text Editor. .......................... D-3
Removing the KMM ............................ . D-4

E Register-Level Address Map
Register Functions ................................... .E-1
ADC Registers (Base Address +Oh and + lh) .............. .E-3
MUX Scan Register (Base Address +2h) ................. .E-4
Unidirectional Digital Input and Output Registers
(Base Address +3h) ................................. .E-5
DAC Output Registers (Base Address +4h to +7h)
(DAS-1600 Series Only) ............................ ..E -7
DACO.. ....................................... ..E- 7
DACl ......................................... ..E- 8
DAC Controller Modes. ............................ .E-8
Status Register A (Base Address +8h). .................. .E-10
Control Register (Base Address +9h) ................... .E- 12
Counter Enable/Burst Length Register (Base Address +Ah) .E-14
Gain Selection/Burst Rate Register (Base Addresses +Bh). .. .E-16
8ZC54 Programmable Interval Counter/I?mer
(Base Addresses +Ch, +Dh, +Eh, +Ph) ................. .E- 18
Generating Square Waves of Programmed Frequency, .E-20
Measuring Frequency and Period. ................... .E-21
Using Counter 0 for Generating Programmable
Time Delays .................................. ..E-2 2



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82C54 Counter/Tiier Control Register
(Base Address +Fh) .. . . .E-23
Readback Command Byte (Returned when
SC1 and SC0 are 1) . .E-26
Status Byte Format (Returned if STA =O) .E-27
Bidirectional Digital Ports A, B, CL, and CH 8255A-5
Programmable Peripheral Interface
(Base Address +400h to +403h). . . .E-28
Control Register (Base Address +403h). .E-29
Conversion Disable Register (Base Address +404h). .I%32
Burst Mode Enable Register (Base Address +405h). .E-33
1600/1400 Mode Enable Register (Base Address +406h). . .E-33
Status Register B (Base Address +407h), . .E-33

Index

List of Figures
Figure 2-l. Functional Block Diagram.. I . . .2-2
Figure 2-2. Expanding the Analog Inputs of DAS-1600/1400
Series Boards.. . . .2-4
Figure 2-3. Timing Relationships of Conversion Modes. .2-7
Figure 3-l. Default Switch Configuration for DAS-1600
Series Boards. . .. .. .. .3-14
Figure 3-2. Default Switch Configuration for DAS-1400
Series Boards. .3-15
Figure 3-3. Base Address, Clock Select, and Wait State Enable
Switch.................................3-17
Figure 4-1. Attaching an STC-37 Screw Terminal Connector. 4-3
Figure 4-2. Pin Assignments of the Main I/O Connector (Jl) .4-4
Figure 4-3. Attaching an STP-37 to the Main I/O Connector .4-5
Figure 4-4. Attaching an STA-16. . .4-7
Figure 4-5. STA-16 Terminal Names.. I . .4-7
Figure 4-6. Cabling and Connections for Attaching an STA-U4-8
Figure 4-7. STA-U Terminal Names . . .4-9
Figure 4-8. Pin Assignments of PI0 Cable Connector (52). .4-10
Figure 4-9. Attaching anEXP-16 or EXP-16/A Expansion
Accessory.. . . . .`. . , .., . .4-11
Figure 4-10. Attaching an EXP-GP Expansion Accessory ,4- 13
Figure 4-l 1. Attaching Multiple Expansion Accessories. .4-14
Figure 4-12. Attaching Multiple Expansion Accessories
withanSTA-16orSTA-U . . ~ ~ . 4-15


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Figure 4-13. Attaching an ISO- Accessory .4-16
Figure 4-14. A Typical SSH-8 Application .4-16
Figure 4-15. Attaching an SSH-4/A Accessory. .4-17
Figure 4-16. Attaching SSH-8 Accessories .4-18
Figure 4-17. Attaching SSH-8 and STA-16 Accessories, .4-19
Figure 4-18. Typical Measurement and Control Application .4-20
Figure 4-19. Attaching an MB01 Backplane. .4-21
Figure 4-20. Attaching Multiple MB02 Backplanes .4-22
Figure 4-21. MB02 I/O Connections 4-23
Figure 4-22. Connections for Wiring a Signal Source to a
DAS-1600/1400 Series Board Configured for
Single-Ended Inputs . . .4-26
Figure 4-23. Three Methods of Wiring Differential Inputs .4-28
Figure 4-24. A Differential Input Configuration that Avoids a
GroundLoop............................4-30
Figure 4-25. Differential Input Configuration with a
GroundLoop............................4-30
Figure B-l. Pin Assignments of Main I/O Connector (II) on
DAS-1600/1400 Series . .B-2
Figure B-2. Pin Assignments of PI0 Cable Connector (52). .B-3
Figure C-l. Analog Trigger Conditions .C-18
4 Figure C-2. Using a Hysteresis Value. .C- 19
4
List of Tables
Table 1. Finding Information. xii
Table 2. Related Documents . xiii
Table 2-l. DAS-1601/1401 Gains, Ranges, and Throughput
Rates for Unipolar and Bipolar Selections .2-6
Table 2-2. DAS-1602/1402 Gains, Ranges, and Throughput
Rates for Unipolar and Bipolar Selections 2-6
Table 3-l. Default Configuration File Settings. .3-7
Table 3-2. Standard Address Assignments. .3- 10
Table 3-3. Standard Interrupt Request (IRQ) Assigmnents .3- 11
Table 4- 1. EXP-16 and EXP-16/A Terminal Names .4-l I
Table 4-2. EXP-GP Terminal Names .4-12
Table 4-3. MB Series Backplanes. .4-21
Table 4-4. DAC Input and Output Connections. .4-31
Table 7-1. Troubleshooting Information. . ,7-2
Table A-l. Analog Input Specifications . . . . . . A- 1
Table A-2. Analog Output Specifications . . A-4
Table A-3. Digital I/O Specifications
(g-bits on Main Connector). . . . . A-5
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Table A-4. Digital I/O Specifications
(24-bits on Auxiliary Connector) A-5
Table A-5. Programmable Counter/Timer Specifications. A-6
Table A-6. Power Supply Requirements. . A-6
Table A-7. Environmental Specifications A-7
Table C- 1. Supported Gains and Gain Codes .C-6
Table C-2. Logical and Physical Channels .c-I
Table C-3. Pseudo-Digital Output Channels
(Burst / SSH Mode). .c-9
Table C-4. Default Settling Times. .c-12
Table C-5. Common Settling Times .C-13
Table C-6. Pseudo-Digital Output Channels
(Analog Trigger) .c-15
Table C-7. Digital I/O Channel Usage;
No EXPs, All Ports Output .c-21
Table C-8. Digital I/O Channel Usage;
EXPs Used, All Ports Output . . .c-22
Table C-9. Digital I/O Channel Usage;
No EXPs, A and B Output, CL and CH Input. .c-23
Table C- 10. Digital I/O Channel Usage;
No EXPs, B and CH Output, A and CL Input. .C-23
4 Table C-l 1.
Table C-12.
Digital I/O Channel Usage; No EXPs
Digital l/O Channel Usage; EXPsUsed
.C-24
.C-24 4
Table C- 13. Counter/Timer Functions. .C-25
Table C-14. Interrupt Vectors .. . . . .C-26
Table C- 15. Error Messages .C-27
TableE-1. Register-Level Address Map. . . . . .E-2
Table E-2. DAC Bipolar Output Modes .E-9
Table E-3. DAC Unipolar Output Modes . .E- 10
Table E-4. Logic State of Status Register A; MUX (Bit 5). .E-11
Table E-5. Logic State of Status Register A; UB (Bit 6) .E-1 I
Table E-6. Control Register: Pacer Clock Source Selection .E-12
Table E-7. Control Register: Interrupt Level Selection
Bits4,5, and 6.. . .. . .I%13
Table E-8. Gain Selection/Burst Rate Register:
Gain Selection Bits 0 and 1 .E-16
Table E-9. Counter/Timer Address Map. .E- 18
Table E-10. 82C54 Counterlrimer Control Register:
Selecting Functionality . . .E-24
Table E- 11. 82C54 Counter/Timer Control Register:
Bits 4 and 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..E-~



ix



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Table E-12. 82C54 Counterlrimer Control Register:
Readback Command .E-26
Table E-13. Counter Status Byte Selection: Bits 0, 1, and 2. .E-27
Table E- 14. PPI Register Address Map. E-28
Table E- 15. Mode Selection for Ports A and CH .E-30
Table E- 16. PI0 Control Word. . .E-3 1




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Preface

This guide is for persons needing to understand the installation, interface
requirements, functions, and operation of the following products:

. The DAS-1601 and DAS-1602 boards, which are referred to
collectively as DAS- 1600 Series boards.

. The DAS-1401 and DAS-1402 boards, which are referred to
collectively as DAS-1400 Series boards.

Unless this manual refers specifically to a particular board, it refers to all
models collectively as the DAS-1600/1400 Series boards.

To follow the information and instructions contained in this manual, you
must be familiar with the operation of an IBMTM PC/XT or compatible in
the MS-DOS' or WindowsTMenvironment. You must also be familiar
with data acquisition principles and their applications.


Manual Organization

Table 1 lists the topics that this guide focuses on and indicates where you
can find information about a topic.



Table 1. Finding Information




xi



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Table 1. Finding Information
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Related Documents

You can fiud more information on DAS-1600/1400 Series software and
accessoriesin the related documents listed in Table 2.


Table 2. Related Documents
Document
DAS-1600/1400/1200 Series Function Call Driver User's Guide




MB Series User's Guide I


SSH-8 User's Guide
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Overview

The DAS-1600/1400 Series is a family of high-performaucc analog and
digital I/O boards for IBM PC/XT, PC AT, and compatible computers.
The DAS-1601 and DAS-1401 are high-gain boards, while the DAS-1602
and DAS-1402 are low-gain boards.

This chapter describes the features of the DAS-1600/1400 Series boards,
the software that supports them, and available accessories.


Features
4 4
The features shared by the DAS-1600 Series and DAS-1400 Series are as
follows:

. Boards are switch-configurable for 16 single-ended or eight
differential analog input channels.

. Analog inputs are switch-configurable for either unipolar (O-10 V)
or bipolar (*lo V) signals.

. Analog input channels are individually programmed for gain. The
DAS-1601/1401 have programmable gaius of I, IO, 100, and 500.
The DAS-1602/1402 have programmable gains of 1, 2,4, and 8.

. Analog inputs are sampled at a maximum of 100 ksamples/s with
12-bit resolution.

. The base I/O addressand Direct Memory Address (DMA) channel
are switch-configurable; interrupt levels are software-configurable.



l-l




4 4
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l Burst mode sampling capability emulates simultaneous
sample-and-hold (SSH) operation,

. Analog-to-digital (A/D) conversions can be started through any of the
following methods:
- software command
- onboard pacer clock
- external pacer clock

. External Simultaneous Sample-and-Hold (SSH) hardware is
supported.

. Data transfers can be performed by any of the following methods:

- program control

- interrupt service routines

- DMA transfer

. The boards perform g-bit data transfers on the ISA bus.

. A 3-channel programmable counter/timer (82C54) provides timing
for analog input operations or generation of output pulses at any rate
from to 1 pulse/hour to 100 kHz. The 82C54 counter/timer can also
be used to measure frequency, period, and pulse width.

. The boards have four unidirectional digital inputs and four
unidirectional digital outputs.

. The boards are backward compatible with the DAS-16Gl and
DAS-16G2 boards.

Programs for the DAS-16Gl and DAS-16G2 boards run on the
DAS-1600 Series without modification. The DAS-1400 Series
maintains backward compatibility with the analog input section of the
DAS16Gl.




I-2 Overview
k
43
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DAS-1600 Series boards provide the following additional features:

. Two 12.bit digital-to-analog converter (DAC) channels. The
outputs of thesechannels have switch-configurable output rangesof
O-5 V, O-10 V, *5 V, and&l0 V full scale.In addition, you can apply
an external reference to provide analog outputs in other ranges or to
use the DACs as programmable attenuators.

. Additional % bits of bidirectional digital I/O via the PI0 cable
connector (52). These 24 bits are configured as two B-bit ports and
two 4-bit ports that you can set independently for input or output.

The 24.bit digital port is compatible with the PIO-I2 board. You can
use these ports to gate the counter/timer, conuol multiplexers, and
read the status of external devices.

For more information on these features, refer to the functional description
in Chapter 2.


Supporting Software

The following software is available for operating DAS-1600/1400 Series
boards:

. DAS-1600/1400 Series standard software package -This package,
which comes with the board, is provided on U-inch and 5.25.inch
diskettes. The package includes function libraries for writing
application programs under DOS using Microsoft' QuickBasic'rM,
Microsoft@ Professional Basic, or Microsoft' Visual BasicTMfor
DOS. The package also includes support files, example programs,
and the following utility programs:

- Configuration Utility -The configuration utility (CFG1600.EXE)
is a DOS-based program for creating or modifying a
DAS-1600/1400 Series configuration file.




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A configuration file contains the settings used by the
DAS-1600/1400/1200 Series Function Call Driver and other
driver software for configuring a board. For more information on
the configuration utility, refer to "Creating a Configuration File"
on page 3-6.

Calibration Utility - The calibration utility (CAL1600,EXE or
CAL1400.EXE) is a DOS-based program for calibrating the
analog I/O circuitry of DAS-1600/1400 Series boards, For more
information on the calibration utility, refer to Chapter 6.

- Confrol Panel - The Control Panel (CTL1600,EXE) is a
DOS-based stand-alone program. This tool provides accessto all
DAS-1600/1400 Series board operations without programming.

The Control Panel provides a meansof testing the board and your
application; it is also a means of performing simple applications
and saving data to a disk tile. Refer to Chapter 5 for more
information about the Control Panel.

- DAS-1600 External Driver - The External Driver
(DAS1600,EXE) for DAS-1600, DAS-1400, and DAS-1200
Series boards provides control and communication between data
acquisition and analysis packages and the boards.

DAS 1600.EXE executes as a terminate-and-stay-resident (TSR)
program that occupies a small amount of memory in the host.

. ASO- and ASO- -Advanced Software Option. This option
includes both Windows and DOS versions; both versions are supplied
on 3.5.inch and 5.25-inch diskettes. The ASO- and ASO-
include function libraries for application programs that you write for
MS-DOS and Windows environments in the following languages:

- Microsoft and Borland' C/C++
- Borland Turbo Pascal@

- Microsoft Visual Basic for Windows

- Microsoft Quick@

- Microsoft Visual CHUM

1-4 Overview
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Refer to the DAS-1600/1400/1200 SeriesFunction Cull Driver User's
Guide for more information.

The ASO- and ASO- software package also contains
miscellaneous support files, example programs, and the following:

Confgurution Utility - The configuration utility (CFG 1600.EXE)
is a program for creating or modifying a DAS-1600/1400 Series
configuration file.

A configuration file contains the settings used by the
DAS-1600/1400/1200 Series Function Call Driver and other
driver software for configuring a board. For more information on
the configuration utility, referto "Creating a Configuration File"
on page 3-6.
- Calibration Utility - The calibration utility (CAL1600.EXF or
CAL1400.EXE) is a DOS-based program for calibrating the
analog I/O circuitry of the DAS-1600/1400 Series boards. For
more information on the calibration utility, refer to Chapter 6.

- Control Panel -The Control Panel is a stand-alone program
supplied in a DOS version (CTL1600,EXE) and a Windows
version (CTL1600W.EXE). This program provides accessto all
DAS-1600/1400 Series operations without programming.

Control Panel operations include acquiring analog inputs,
controlling analog outputs, and controlling digital I/O. The
control panel provides a means of testing the board and your
application: it is also a means of performing simple applications
and saving data to a disk file.

The Windows version allows you to graphically represent up to
eight analog inputs and transfer acquired data to other Windows
applications through the Windows Dynamic Data Exchange
(DDE) feature. Refer to Chapter 5 for more information on the
Control Panel.
- Port 110 software - If you are programming in the Windows
environment, you can use the Port I/O (PIO) software to program
DAS-1600/1400 Series boards at the register level using I/O
instructions. Refer to the PORTIO.TXT file for more information.


1-5
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VDAS-1600 - VisualDASTM Custom Controls for Visual Basic for
Windows. VisualDAS simplifies the setup of data acquisition
operations. The package includes a comprehensiveuser's guide,
offers extensive online help, and furnishes software on 3.5-inch and
5.25-inch diskettes.

Dab acquisition and analysis application software VIEWDAC@,
EASYEST LX@, and EASYEST AGTMare integrated software
packages available for DAS-1600/1400 Series boards, Programming
tools, such as ASYST@ scientific and engineering programming
Ianguage, are also available to help you in writing your application
programs.

Note: If you use VIEWDAC, EASYEST LX, EASYEST AG, or
ASYST to program your DAS-1600/1400 Series board, you must use
the DAS-1600 External Driver. This driver is included in the
DAS-1600/1400 Series standard software package and is described in
Appendix C.

Other data acquisition and analysis packages include the following:
4 - SNAP-MASTER - Data acquisition and analysis package from
H.E.M. Data Corporation (only available for Windows).

- NOTEBOOKhJOTEBOOKpro Menu-driven data acquisition
and analysis from Laboratory Technologies Corporation
(available for both DOS and Windows).

- STREAMER Menu-driven data acquisition software for
high-speed transfers of DAS-1600/1400 Series data to a hard disk
(only available for DOS).




l-6 Overview
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Accessories

The following accessoriesare available for use with the DAS-1600/1400
Series boards.

. STA-16 - Screw terminal adapter accessory.You can use this
accessoryto connect signals from the main I/O connector (Jl) to
screw terminals.

. STA-U - Universal screw terminal accessory.You can use this
accessoryto connect signals from the PI0 cable connector (52) to
screw terminals,

. STC-37 - Direct DAS-1600/1400 Series board to screw terminal
interface.

. STP-37 - Screw terminal panel with a 37.pin D-type connector.

. NO-4 -4-channel isolated expansion multiplexer.

4 . SSH-4/A 4-channel simultaneous sample-and-hold accessory.

. SSH-8 S-channel simultaneous sample-and-hold accessory.

. MB Series modules and backplanes -Plug-in, isolated,
signal-conditioning modules and the backplanes that hold them.

. EXP-16 and EXP-16/A 16-channel expansion multiplexer and
signal conditioning boards; requires the S- 1600 cable and the
PG-408A option.

. EXP-GP - S-channel signal conditioning board with Wheatatone
bridge and RTD interface; requires the S-1600 cable.




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2
Functional Description

This chapter describes the following features of DAS-1600/1400 Series
boards:

. Analog input features

l Analog output features

. Digital I/O features

. 82C54 counter/timer features

l Wait state selection

s Power

These descriptions are offered to familiarize you with the operating
options and to enable you to make the best use of your board. The block
diagram in Figure 2-1 representsboth the DAS-1600 and DAS-1400
Series boards.




2-1
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i ,. ,.
DASlGW Series only




/ DASl6WSerlesonly /




interval timer




ISA PC AT, PWT BIJS



Figure 2-1. Functional Block Diagram




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Analog input Features

The analog input section of a DAS-1600/1400 Series board multiplexes
all the active input channels (up to 16 single-ended or eight differential)
down to a single, 12-bit sampling analog-to-digital converter (ADC).

Other features of this section include input configurations, gain selection,
conversion modes, triggers, clock sources,and data transfer modes. These
features are described in the following sections.

Differential/Single-Ended Selection
Using configuration switches, you can select either eight differential or 16
single-ended inputs. Differential inputs measurethe difference between
two signals. Single-ended inputs are referred to a common ground.

Generally, you want to use differential inputs for low-level signals whose
noise component is a significant part of the signal or for signals that have
non-ground common mode. You want to use single-ended inputs for
high-level signals whose noise component is not significant.
4
The specific level at which input configurations work best is dependent
upon the application. However, you generally use differential inputs for
voltage ranges of 100 mV and less.

UnipolarlBipolar Selection
Using configuration switches, you can set the DAS-1600/1400 Series
boards to operate in either unipolar or bipolar input mode. A unipolar
signal is always positive (0 to 10 V, for example), while a bipolar signal
can swing up and down between negative and positive peak values (-10 V
to +lO V, for example).

The DAS-160011400 Series boards use left-justified, offset binary to
represent signals. In a given input range with the samepeak-voltage
capacity for both modes, unipolar mode doubles the converter's
resolution.




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-




Channel Selection in Expanded Configurations
As previously mentioned, the DAS-1600/1400 Series supports 16
single-ended or eight differential analog input channels. If you require
additional analog input channels or signal conditioning for transducer
inputs, you can use any combination of up to eight 16.channel EXI-16 or
EXP-16/A expansion boards, and/or eight X-channel EXP-GP expansion
boards to increase the number of available channels to 128.

When you daisy-chain expansion boards from the analog inputs, it is
recommendedthat the first expansion board multiplex onboard channel 0,
the next expansion board multiplex channel 1, and so on. Selection of an
onboard channel is made via jumper settings on the expansion board.

You can accessany unused onboard channels by including an STA-16
screw terminal accessory in the daisy-chain configuration. Figure 2-2
illustrates how expansion boards and accessoriesinterface with the analog
channels of DAS-1600/1400 Series boards.




DAS-1600/1400
Series Soards




Figure 2-Z. Expanding the Analog Inputs of DAS-1600/1400 Series Boards




2-4 Functional Description
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You can also use up to four MB02 backplanes to increase the number of
available channels to 64 isolated or 12 non-isolated. For more information
about connecting channel expansion boards, refer to Chapter 4.


Notes: You must specify a single-ended iuput configuration for all
onboard channels associatedwith channels on MB02 backplanes.

If you are using EXP-16, EXP-16/A, or EXP-GP expansion accessoriesor
MB Series backplanes, the digital output lines of the DAS-1600/1400
Series board select a particular channel on the expansion board or
backplane to read.


Gain Selection
The programmable gain that you select is applied to an incoming signal as
a multiplication factor; gain allows you to amplify a signal to a range that
the ADC can accurately measure.

For example, if the ADC handles signals in the f10 V range and you want
to measure a signal in the range of 311.0V, you would use a gain of 10 to
amplify the signal to the f10 V range. Similarly, if you wanted to measure
a sigual that was already in the f10 V range, you would select a gain of 1.

The available gains, lheir corresponding input ranges, and throughput
rates are listed in Table 2-1 for the DAS-1601/1401 and Table 2-2 for the
DAS-1602/1402.




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Table 2-1. DAS-1601/1401 Gains, Ranges, and Throughput
Rates for Unipolar and Bipolar Selections
Maximum
Gain Unipolar Range Bipolar Range Throughput
Rate


100 ksamples/s


500 0.0 to +20 mv -20 to +20 mv 30 ksmplesls



Table 2-2. DAS-1602/1402 Gains, Ranges, and Throughput
Rates for Unipolar and Bipolar Selections
Maximum
Gain Unipolar Range Bipolar Range Throughput
Rate




Conversion Modes
DAS-1600/1400 Series boards support the following conversion modes:

. Paced mode - Pacedmode is the default data conversion mode and is
the mode best-suited for continuous scanning of multiple channels at
a constant rate. In paced mode, the conversion rate equals the pacer
clock rate. The sample rate, which is the rate at which a single
channel is sampled, is the pacer clock rate divided by the number of
channels being sampled.




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. Burst mode - In burst mode, each pulse from the pacer clock begins a
scan of one to sixteen channels. The conversion rate during a burst
mode scan is equal to the rate of the burst mode conversion clock.
The sample rate, which is the rate at which a single channel is
sampled, is equal to the pacer clock rate.

DAS-1600/1400 Series software allows you to program the pacer
clock to adjust the interval between burst mode scans.This software
also allows you to adjust the burst mode conversion rate. The burst
mode conversion clock frequency is programmable for a range of
3.94 kHz to 100 kHz.

Burst mode can also be used for pseudo-simultaneous
sample-and-hold in conjunction with DMA or interrupt operations.

The sample rate (pacer clock rate) should be set for no more than the
burst mode conversion clock rate divided by the number of channels
in the burst. The maximum burst mode conversion clock rate is
gain-sensitive, as shown in Table 2-1 and Table 2-2.

Figure 2-3 shows the timing relationships of the paced and burst modes
for analog input channel 4 to channel 7.




Pacer Clock 1 L
Paced Mode Convemkms CM Ch5
Burst Mode Convenlona cl,4 cl,5 ch6 ch7 cl,4 CM ch6 cl,7


Burst Mode ConversIon Clock r-i nrLrln




Figure 2-3. Timing Relationships of Conversion Modes




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Clock Sources
The following clock sources are available for conversions on
DAS-1600/1400 Series boards:

. Software - DAS-1600/1400 Series boards allow you to acquire single
or multiple samplesunder program control.

. Hardware (internal clock source) - The internal pacer clock is
derived from the onboard UC54 counter/timer and a
switch-configurable, crystal-controlled 1 MHz or 10 MHz timebase.
The pacer clock uses two cascadedcounters of the 82C54. The
maximum allowable rate is 100 ksamples/s, and the minimum
conversions per hour is determined as follows:


1OMHz IMHZ
~ 232 = 2.328 x 10-3= 8.38 ~ 232 = 2.328x 10m4= 0.838




When not used to pace the analog input, the internal clock source can
4 pace other events, such as digital I/O and analog outputs (on the
DAS-1600 Series boards), through the use of intermpts.
4
. Hardware (external clock source) -The external pacer clock source
must be an externally applied, TTL-compatible, rising-edge signal
attached to the IPO/TRIG O/KPCLK pin (25) of the main I/O
connector (Jl).

An external clock source is useful if you want to pace at rates not
available with the 82C54 counter/timer, if you want to pact at uneven
intervals, or if you want to pace on the basis of an external event. An
external clock also allows you to synchronize multiple boards with a
common timing source.




Functional Description




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Notes: The ADC acquires samplesat amaximnm of 100 ksamples/s(one
sample every 10.0 ps). If you are using an external clock, make sure that
it does not initiate conversions at a faster rate than the ADC can handle.

If you are acquiring samples from multiple channels, the maximum
sampling rate for each channel is equal to 100 ksamples/s divided by the