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Technical Training Manual
for TFT-LCD Monitor
Visual Display Division
Contents
w LCD Panel
w Inverter.
w Term of LCD monitor
w Principle of LCD monitor
w Summary of LCD monitor
w Explanation for each LCD monitor.
w Use Manual
for DDC and Adjustment Jig
w Appendix
for schematic of LCD model
STRUCTURE of TFT LCD Pixel
1. Polarizing filter : This controls the light
entering and leaving.
2. Glass substrate : This stops the filtering of
electricity from electrodes
3. Transparent electrodes : These electrodes
drive the LCD. A highly transparent material
is used that will not interfere with the quality
of the image's integrity.
4. Alignment layer : Film is used to align the
molecules in a fixed direction.
5. Liquid crystals
6. Spacer : Maintains a uniform space between
the glass plates.
7. Color filter : Color is expressed through the
use of R, G and B filters.
8. Backlighting : The display is lit from behind
to make the screen brighter. In some types
of monochrome LCDs, a mirror is used
in place of backlighting so the display can
be seen with ambient light.
STRUCTURE of Structure of TFT LCD
TFT LCD
Polarizer
Micro Color Filter
Transparent Glass substrate
Common Electrode
Alignment Layer
Liquid Crystals
Alignment Layer
Transparent
Pixel Electrode
Glass substrate Isolating membrane
Scanning Line
Polarizer
Source Semi Conductor
Drain Data Line Gate
(Data Line) Material
Gate
(Scanning Line) Drain
Backlight Source
C
LC
Cell
Conventional Twisted Nematic Cell
Light passes through Light is blocked
light
Polarizer Film
Glass Substrate Perpendicular
Rubbed direction
Transparent Liquid Crystal
Electrode Molecules
(ITO)
Rubbed direction
Rubbed direction
Polarizer/Analyzer
Glass Substrate Film
Voltage across
Voltage across liquid crystal is on
Liquid crystal is off
Note: This cell configuration has the highest light transmittance.
Normal mode is when no voltage is applied. Normal mode is white.
Principle of Light path (1) LC Shutter
Principle of
Light can be divided by two component V and H-Oscillating :
Twisted LC Molecule by 90 ¡Æ
Polarizer H
Polarizer V
Optically Oscillating (V )
Optically Oscillating (H )
The Principles of Light Path (2)
When two polarizing filters are arranged
along perpendicular polarizing axes,
light entering from above is re-directed
90 degrees along the helix arrangement
of the liquid crystal molecules so that it
passes through the lower filter.
When voltage is applied, the liquid
crystal molecules straighten out of
their helix pattern and stop redirecting
the angle of the light, thereby preventing
light from passing through the lower filter.
Operation of the different cell technology
TN(conventional)
CE
MVA
PVA
Conventional Twisted Nematic Cell
Light passes through Light is blocked
light
Polarizer Film
Glass Substrate Perpendicular
Rubbed direction
Transparent Liquid Crystal
Electrode Molecules
(ITO)
Rubbed direction
Rubbed direction
Polarizer/Analyzer
Glass Substrate Film
Voltage across
Voltage across liquid crystal is on
Liquid crystal is off
Note: This cell configuration has the highest light transmittance.
Normal mode is when no voltage is applied. Normal mode is white.
CE
·CE allows the LC to remain in plane
with the cell (not perpendicular) when an
electric field
is applied across the electrodes
·In an CE cell, both electrodes are on
the same plane
·This effectively increases Voltage on
the viewing angle to 140 degrees
both horizontally and vertically; and
color drop off is reduced Voltage
off
Note: Normal mode is Black
PVA and MVA
The latest available technology in Liquid Crystal cell
MVA -Multiple domains PVA -Patterned multiple
Vertical Alignment domains Vertical Alignment
How the four different display cell configurations compare
Viewing Angle Contrast Transmittance Response time
T N-TFT
Good Good Best Good /
Hor. +/- 60 Normal Total
Up 45 white 50ms
Down 55 mode
IPS TN-TFT
Best Good Good Better/
Hor./Ver. Normal Total
170 black 29ms
mode
MVA TN-TFT
Better Better Good Better/
Hor./Ver. Normal Total
160 black 27ms
mode
P V A T N-TFT
Best Best Better Best/
Hor./Ver. Normal Total
170 black <25ms
mode
Feature Comparison ( 17.0" SXGA )
Items LTM170E4-L01 LTM170E5-L01 Remark
W/V Mode CE Mode PVA Mode
Outline dimension 383.5(H) x 306.0(V) x 22.8(D) 383.5(H) x 306.0(V) x 22.8(D)
General
Mounting type Side / Front mount Side / Front mount Compatible
Lamps 4 lamps 4 lamps
Brightness [cd/m 2 ] 220 240
Contrast Ratio 350 450 Typical(Measured)
Response Time [ms] 30 25
Optical
Color Gamut 62 % 61 % Typical(Measured)
Characteristics
Wx = 0.318 Wx = 0.325
Color Chromaticity
Wy = 0.336 Wy = 0.350
Viewing Angle(L/R/U/D) 80/80/80/80 80/80/80/80
Input Voltage 5 ¡¾ 0.5 5 ¡¾0.5
Signal Interface LVDS 8bit 2Channel LVDS 8bit 2Channel Compatible
Interface Connector JAE FI-X30S-HF JAE FI-X30S-HF
Electrical
Power consumption
Characteristics 630mA / 3.2W 760mA / 3.8W White pattern
( Module )
Power consumption Current : 6.5mArms
18W (6.5mArms typical) 18W (6.5mArms typical)
( B/L Unit ) Voltage : 690Vrms
Feature Comparison ( 18.1" SXGA )
Items LTM181E3-P01 LTM181E4-L01 Remark
W/V Mode ACE Mode PVA Mode
Outline dimension 410.0(H) x 335.0(V) x 25(D) 405.0(H) x 325.0(V) x 22.8(D)
Weight 3000g 3000g
General
Mounting type Front mount Side / Front mount
Lamps 2 Dual CCFLs(4 lamps) 4 Single CCFL(4 lamps)
Lamp connector JST BHR-04VS-1(4pin) JST BHSR-02VS-1(2pin)
Brightness [cd/m2 ] 230 250
Typical(Measured)
Contrast Ratio 300 450
Response Time [ms] 30 25 Tr + Tf(Measured)
Optical
Color Gamut 60 % 65 %
Characteristics
Wx = 0.323 Wx = 0.330
Color Chromaticity
Wy = 0.340 Wy = 0.360
Viewing Angle(L/R/U/D) 80/80/80/80 80/80/80/80
Input Voltage 5 ¡¾0.5 5 ¡¾0.5
Signal Interface TMDS 8bit 1Channel LVDS 8bit 2Channel
Interface Connector JAE FI-WE31P-HF JAE FI-WE31P-HF
Electrical
Power consumption
Characteristics 850mA / 4.3W 700mA / 3.5W White pattern
( Module )
Power consumption
19W (6.5mArms typical) 18W (6.5mArms typical)
(B/L Lamp Unit)
Feature Comparison ( 21.3" UXGA )
Items LTM213U3-L02 LTM213U4-L01 Remark
W/V Mode ACE Mode PVA Mode
Outline dimension 483.0(H) x 373.2(V) x 30( D) 483.0(H) x 373.2(V) x 30( D)
General Weight 5000g 5000g
Compatible
Mounting type Front mount Front mount
Lamps 3 Dual CCFLs(6 lamps) 3 Dual CCFLs(6 lamps)
Brightness [cd/m2 ] 230 280
Contrast Ratio 350 600
Typical(Measured)
Response Time [ms] 50 25
Optical
Color Gamut 50 % 67 %
Characteristics
Wx = 0.314 Wx = 0.310
Color Chromaticity
Wy = 0.346 Wy = 0.330
Viewing Angle(L/R/U/D) 80/80/80/80 80/80/80/80
Input Voltage 5 ¡¾0.5 5 ¡¾0.5
Signal Interface LVDS 8bit 1Channel LVDS 8bit 2Channel Compatible
Interface Connector JAE FI-WE31P-HF JAE FI-WE31P-HF
Electrical
Power consumption 2Line vertical
Characteristics 2300mA / 11.5W 1700mA / 8.5W
( Module ) Stripe pattern
Power consumption
34W (6.5mArms typical) 34W (6.5mArms typical)
(B/L Lamp Unit)
Mechanical Comparison ( 17.0 " )
Item LTM170E4-L01 LTM170E5 Note
Mounting Method Front/Side mounting ¡ç
Module size
383.5x 306x 22.8(Max) ¡ç
(mm; H*V*D)
Hor. 374.0¡¾ 0.3 ¡ç Compatible
User
hole Ver.
269.0/257.8¡¾ 0.3 ¡ç
Out-Dim. (Left/Right)
Bezel opening
341.52*273.936 ¡ç
(mm; H*V)
The side of the E5 shield case is bigger than
Shield case PCB Design was changed
E4 about 1cm to the left.
JAE FI-X30S-HF
I/F Connector ¡ç LVDS(2 CH)
( 30 Pin )
Location PCB Design was changed
¡Ø Datum point +8mm(Y-axis).
(Front view) ->Refer to the figure
Connector
JST
B/L Connector BHSR - 02VS - 1 ¡ç Same
( 2Pin X 2 )
Wire Length 145 ¡¾ 5 ¡ç
Mechanical Comparison ( 18.1 " )
Item LTM181E2/E3 LTM181E4 Note
Mounting Method Front mounting Front/Side mounting
Module size
410x 335x 25(Max) 403.2x 321.8x 22.5(MAX)
(mm; H*V*D)
Incompatible
Hor. 400.0 ¡¾ 0.3 393.5 ¡¾ 0.3
User * More compact and slimer
hole Ver.
323.0/220.0 ¡¾ 0.3 284.0/273.0 ¡¾ 0.3
Out-Dim. (Left/Right)
Bezel opening
363.04 * 291.232 ¡ç same
(mm; H*V)
The shape of the E4 shield case is different
Shield case PCB Design was changed
from E2
JAE FI-WE31P-HF JAE FI-WE31P-HF
I/F Connector TMDS¡æ LVDS(2CH)
( 31 Pin ) ( 31 Pin )
Location +34.8mm(X-axis)
¡Ø Datum point PCB Design was changed
(Front view) -18.1mm(Y-axis)
Connector
JST JST
B/L Connector BHR - 04VS - 1 BHSR - 02VS - 1 -
( 4Pin ) ( 2Pin X 2 )
Wire Length 145 ¡¾ 5 ¡ç -
Mechanical Characteristics ( 19.0 " )
Item LTM181E2/E3 LTM190U1-L01 Note
Mounting Method Front mounting Side/Rear mounting
No Compatible
Module size (LTM190U1 is designed
415x 335x 25(Max) 415x 326x 26(MAX)
(mm; H*V*D) compact and slim
Hor. 400.0 ¡¾ 0.3 - similar to 181E2,
User and adopted a new
hole Ver. mounting method)
323.0/220.0 ¡¾ 0.3 -
Out-Dim. (Left/Right)
Bezel opening
363.04 * 291.232 390.4 * 293.8 same
(mm; H*V)
The shape of the 190U1 shield case is different
Shield case PCB Design was changed
from 181E2/E3
JAE FI-WE31P-HF 1. JAE FI-WE31P-HF (31Pin)
I/F Connector 1:Signal, 2.Power
( 31 Pin ) 2. Molex 53261-1290
Location 1. +4.1mm(X-axis)/-6.15mm(Y-axis)
¡Ø Datum point PCB Design was changed
Connector (Front view) 2. -51.9mm(X-axis)/-6.15mm(Y-axis)
JST BHR-03VS-1( 3Pin x 4 )
B/L Connector JST BHR-04VS-1(4Pin) -
JST BHR-04VS-1( 4Pin x 2 )
Wire Length 145 ¡¾ 5 155 ¡¾ 5 -